Western Civilization: Sources, Images, and Interpretations, Volume 1: To 1700

by SHERMAN D (ED)

• ISBN13: 9780072335736
• ISBN10: 0072335734
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-08-02
• Publisher: MCG

Summary

This collection of primary, secondary, and visual sources for the Western Civilization survey course provides a broad introduction to the materials historians use, the interpretations historians make, and 6,000 years of Western civilization your students need.With its vast compendium of primary, visual, and secondary sources; its broad selection of documents, photographs, maps, and charts; and its full array of introductions, commentaries, guides, and questions, this is truly the source for your course. The selections and accompanying notes-drawn from a broad and balanced spectrum of perspectives and approaches-provide valuable insight into how historians work and place all the material in a context that helps students understand the full historical significance.

Table of Contents

PART I CIVILIZATIONS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

Chapter One Civilizations of the Ancient Near East

Primary Sources

Using Primary Sources: Laws of Hammurabi

The Laws of Hammurabi

*The Epic of Gilgamesh

Hymn to the Nile

Hymn to the Pharaoh

The Old Testament-Genesis and Exodus

The Aton Hymn and Psalm 104: The Egyptians and the Hebrews

Visual Sources

Using Visual Sources: The “Royal Standard” of Ur

Sumer: The “Royal Standard” of Ur(illustration)

Egyptian Wall Paintings from the Tomb of Menna (illustration)

The Environment and the Rise of Civilization in the Ancient Near East(maps)

Secondary Sources

Using Secondary Sources: The Agricultural Revolution

Robert J. Braidwood, The Agrigultural Revolution

Herbert J. Muller, Freedom in the Ancient World:

Civilization in Sumer

Henri Frankfort and H.A. Frankfort, The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man

Lionel Casson, Daily Life in Ancient Egypt: The Afterlife

Barbara S. Lesko, Women of Egypt and the Ancient Near East

Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews

Chapter Two: The Emergence of Greek Civilization

Primary Sources

Homer, The Iliad

*Hesiod, Works and Days

A Colonization Agreement

Semonides of Amorgos, Poem on Women

Theognis of Megara, Aristocrats and Tyrants

Solon, Early Athens

Xenophon, Constitution of the Lacedaemonians

Visual Sources

Trade, Culture, and Colonization(photo)

Migration and Colonization(maps)

Secondary Sources

Frank J. Frost, The End of the Mycenaean World

Finley Hooper, Greek Realities: The Homeric Epics

C.M. Bowra, The Greek Experience: The Heroic Outlook

Chapter Three: Classical and Hellenistic Greece

Primary Sources

Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War: The Historical Method

Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War: Athens During the Golden Age

Sophocles, Antigone

Plato, The Republic

Aristotle, Politics

Xenophon, Household Management

Hippocrates, Medicine and Magic

Epicurus, Individual Happiness

Visual Sources

Education(photo)

*The Women’s Quarters(illustration)

The Dying Niobide: The Classical Balance(photo)

The Old Market Woman: Hellenistic Individualism (photo)

Geography and Political Configurations in Greece(map)

Seondary Sources

Sarah B. Pomeroy, Goddess, Whores, Wives, and Slaves: Women and Work in Athens

Anthony Andrews, The Greeks: Slavery

M.I. Finley, The Ancient Greeks: Decline of the Polls

*Richard Stoneman, Alexander the Great

Finley Hooper, Greek Realities

Chapter Four: The Rise of Rome

Primary Sources

Polybius, Histories: The Roman Constitution

Cicero, The Education of a Roman Gentleman

Plautus, Menaechmi: Roman Slavery

Sallust, The Conspiracy of Catiline: Decline of the Republic

Visual Sources

Evidence from Coins(photo)

The Geographic and Cultural Environment(map)

Secondary Sources

Fustel de Coulanges, The Ancient City: Religious Practices

J.P.V.D. Balsdon, Life and Leisure: The Roman Aristrocrat

Gillian Clark, Roman Women

Chapter Five: The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity

Primary Sources

Pliny the Younger, Letters: The Daily Life of a Roman Govenor

Marcus Aurelius, Meditations: Ideals of an Emperor and Stoic Philosopher

Pliny the Younger and Trajan, Rome and the Early Christians

The Gospel According to St. Matthew

St. Paul, Epistle to the Romans

St. Augustine, The City of God

*Ammianus Marcellinus, The Germanic Tribes

St. Jerome, The Fall of Rome

Visual Sources

Carved Gemstone: Augustus and the Empire Transformed (photo)

Tomb Decoration: Death and Roman Culture(photo)

Secondary Sources

Chester G. Starr, The Roman Empire: The Place of Augustus

E.R. Dodds, Pagan and Christian: The Appeal of Christianity

Jo Ann McNamara, Women of the Roman Empire

A.H.M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire

PART II THE MIDDLE AGES

Chapter Six: The Early Middle Ages

Primary Sources

*Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks

The Origins of Feudalism

Charlemagne, Instructions to the Subjects of Charlemagne's Empire

Einhard, War and Conversion Under Charlemagne

The Annals of Xanten, Disorder and Destruction

*The Wanderer: Life of a Medieval Warrior

Visual Sources

Illustration from a Gospel Book: Christianity and Early Medieval Culture (illustration)

Painting from an Illuminated Bible: Secular and Religious Authority (illustration)

Contraction in the Early Middle Ages (maps)

Secondary Sources

Henri Pirenne, Mohammed and Charlemagne: The

Beginnings of Medieval Civilization

David Nichols, The Carolingian West: The Genesis of Feudal Relationships

Daniel D. McGarry, An Evaluation of Feudalism

Jo Ann McNamara and Suzanne F. Wemple, Sanctity and

Power: The Dual Pursuit of Medieval Women

Chapter Seven: The Medieval East

Primary Sources

The Koran

Avicenna, Autobiography of a Muslim Scholar

The Institutes of Justinian: Byzantium and the Legacy of Roman Law

Ibn Fadlan, The Rus: Cross-Cultural Contact

Visual Sources

Manuscript Illuminations: Scenes from the Life of Muhammad (illustrations)

*The Byzantine Empire and the Expansion of Islam(maps)

Secondary Sources

Cyril Mango, Byzantium: The Empire of New Rome

Bernard Lewis, The Arabs in History

Albert Hourani, The Islamic World

Peter Brown, The Eastern Orientation of Islam

Chapter Eight: The High Middle Ages: The Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries

Primary Sources

Pope Gregory VII, Letters: Secular and Ecclesiastical Authority

Reginald of Durham, The Life of Saint Gidric: A Merchant Adventurer

Andreas Capellanus, The Art of Courtly Love

Gratian, The Decretum: Medieval Women-Not in God’s Image

Visual Sources

The Gospel Book of Otto III: Church and State (illustration)

Medieval Expansion(maps)

Secondary Sources

Jaques Le Goff, Medieval Values

Margaret Wade Labarge, The Mold for Medieval Women: Social Status

Aron Ja. Gurevich, The Merchant

R.W. Southern, The Making of the Middle Ages: Serfdom

Marc Bloch, Feudal Society: The Psychic World of Medieval People

Chapter Nine: The High Middle Ages: The Crusades and the East

Primary Sources

Pope Urban II, The Opening of the Crusades

Ekkehard of Aurach, Crusaders’ Motives

Pope Eugenius III, Inducements for the Crusades

Princess Anna Comnena, The Alexiad: A Byzantine View of the Crusades

Usamah Ibn-Munqidh, Memoirs: European and Muslim Interactions

Visual Sources

Conflict and Cultural Exchange (illustration)

Secondary Sources

Henri Pirenne, The Great Significance of the Crusades

Norman F. Cantor, The Meaning of the Middle Ages: The Crusades Minimized

Robert Browning, The Byzantine Empire: Defeat, Decline, and Resilience

Chapter Ten: The High Middle Ages: The Thirteenth Century

Primary Sources

Pope Innocent III, Papal Proclamation of Supremacy

Archbishop Eudes of Rouen, A Church Register: Clerical Administration

St. Francis of Assisi, The Rule of St. Francis

St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica

Frederick II, Political Authority: The Emperor, the Princes, and the Towns

Decrees of the Hanseatic League

Ordinances of the Guild Merchants of Southampton

Bartholomaeus Anglicus, Chambermaids

Visual Sources

Medieval Life (illustration)

Secularization and the Medieval Knight (illustration)

Secondary Sources

Maurice Keen, The Outlaws of Medieval Legend: Social Rank and Injustice

Jaques Rossiaud, Life in Cities: Violence and Fear

*Georges Duby, Solitude

David Herlihy, Ecological Conditions and Demographic Change

Chapter Eleven: The Late Middle Ages

Primary Sources

Attack on the Papacy: The Conciliar Movement

Bernard Gui, Manual of the Inquisitor

Sir John Froissart, The Rebellions of 1381

Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron: The Plague in Florence

King Edward III, Statue of Laborers

Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales

The Goodman of Paris: Instructions on Being a Good Wife

Visual Sources

The Church Besieged(illustration)

The Triumph of Death(illustration)

Unrest in the Late Middle Ages(map)

Food and Crime(chart)

Secondary Sources

Francis Oakley, The Crisis of the Late Middle Ages

Millard Meiss, The Black Death: A Socioeconomic Perspective

William L. Langer, A Psychological Perspective of the

Black Death

PART III RENAISSANCE, REFORMATION, AND EXPANSION

Chapter Twelve: The Renaissance

Primary Sources

Francesco Petrarch, A Letter to Boccaccio: Literary Humanism

Peter Paul Vergerio, On the Liberal Arts

Christine de Pizan, The City of Ladies

Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince

*Baldesar Castiglione, The Book of the Courtier

Visual Sources

Raphael, The School of Athens: Art and Classical Culture (illustration)

Jan van Eyck, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride:

Symbolism and the Northern Renaissance (illustration)

Secondary Sources

Jacob Burckhardt, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy

Peter Burke, The Myth of the Renaissance

Federico Chabod, Machiavelli and the Renaissance

Charles G. Nauert, Northern Sources of the Renaissance

Chapter Thirteen: The Reformation

Primary Sources

John Tetzel, The Spark for the Reformation: Indulgences

Martin Luther, Justification by Faith

Martin Luther, On the Bondage of the Will

Martin Luther, Condemnation of Peasant Revolt

John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion: Predestination

Constitution of the Society of Jesus

Teresa of Avila, The Way of Perfection

Visual Sources

Luther and the New Testament(illustration)

*Sebald Beham, Luther and the Catholic Clergy Debate(illustration)

Peter Paul Rubens, Loyola and Catholic Reform(illustration)

Secondary Sources

Euan Cameron, What was the Reformation?

G.R. Elton, A Political Interpretation of the Reformation

John C. Olin, The Catholic Reformation

Steven E. Ozment, The Legacy of the Reformation

Marilyn J. Boxer and Jean H. Quataert, Women in the Reformation

Chapter Fourteen: Overseas Expansion and New Politics

Primary Sources

Gomes Eannes de Azurara, The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea

Christopher Columbus, Letter to Lord Sanchez, 1493

*Bernal Diaz del Castillo, Memoirs: The Aztecs

Jacob Fugger, Letter to Charles V: Finance and Politics

Visual Sources

Frans Fracken II, The Assets and Liabilities of Empire(text and illustration)

Exploration, Expansion, and Politics(maps)

Secondary Sources

Richard B. Reed, The Expansion of Europe

M.L.Bush, The Effects of Expansion on the Non-European World

*Gary Nash, Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early America

G.R. Elton, Charles V

PART IV THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

Chapter Fifteen: War and Revolution: 1560-1660

Primary Sources

Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Civil War in France

Richelieu, Political Will and Testament

James I, The Powers of the Monarch in England

The House of Commons, The Powers of Parliament in England

*Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, The Hammer of Witches

Visual Sources

Jan Brueghel and Sebastian Vranx, War and Violence(illustration)

Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan: Political Order and Political Theory (text and illustration)

Germany and the Thirty Years’ War(maps)

Secondary Sources

Hajo Holborn, A Political Interpretation of the Thirty Years’ War

Carl J. Friedrich, A Religious Interpretation of the Thirty Years’ War

*M.S. Anderson, War and Peace in the Old Regime

Conrad Russell, The Causes of the English Civil War

William Monter, The Devil’s Handmaid: Women in the Age of Reformations

Chapter Sixteen: Aristocracy and Absolutism in the Seventeenth Century

Primary Sources

Philipp W. von Hornick, Austria Over All If She Only Will: Mercantilism

Frederick William, The Great Elector, A Secret Letter: Monarchical Authority in Prussia

Saint-Simon, Memoires: The Aristocracy Undermined in France

John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government: Legislative Power

Visual Sources

The Early Modern Chateau(photo)

Pieter de Hooch, Maternal Care(illustration)

Secondary Sources

G. Durand, Absolutism: Myth and Reality

George Macaulay Trevelyan, The English Revolution, 1688-1689

Philippe Aries, Centuries of Childhood

Peter Laslett, The World We Have Lost: The Early Modern Family

Chapter Seventeen: The Scientific Revolution

Primary Sources

Rene Descartes, The Discourse on Method

Galileo Galilei, Letter to Christina of Tuscany: Science and Scripture

The Papal Inquisition of 1633: Galileo Condemned

Sir Isaac Newton, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

Visual Sources

A Vision of the New Science (illustration)

Secondary Sources

Michael Postan, Why Was Science Backward in the Middle Ages?

Sir George Clark, Early Modern Europe: Motives for the Scientific Revolution

Bonnie S. Anderson and Judith P. Zinsser, No Scientific Revolution for Women