Whittle's Gait Analysis (Book with Access Code)

by Levine, David; Richards, Jim, Ph.D.; Whittle, Michael W., Ph.d.

• ISBN13: 9780702042652
• ISBN10: 070204265X
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2012-07-10
• Publisher: CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE

Summary

Whittle's Gait Analysis - formerly known as Gait Analysis: an introduction - is now in its fifth edition with a new team of authors led by David Levine and Jim Richards. Working closely with Michael Whittle, the team maintains a clear and accessible approach to basic gait analysis. It will assist both students and clinicians in the diagnosis of and treatment plans for patients suffering from medical conditions that affect the way they walk. Highly readable, the book builds upon the basics of anatomy, physiology and biomechanics Describes both normal and pathological gait Covers the range of methods available to perform gait analysis, from the very simple to the very complex. Emphasizes the clinical applications of gait analysis Chapters on gait assessment of neurological diseases and musculoskeletal conditions and prosthetics and orthotics Methods of gait analysis Design features including key points A team of specialist contributors led by two internationally-renowned expert editors 60 illustrations, taking the total number to over 180 Evolve Resources containing video clips and animated skeletons of normal gait supported by MCQs, an image bank, online glossary and sources of further information. Log on to http://evolve.elsevier.com/Whittle/gait to register and start using these resources today!

Table of Contents

Evolve Resources (web contents)	p. vii
Acknowledgements	p. viii
Preface	p. ix
Biography	p. x
Contributors	p. xi
Basic sciences	p. 1
Anatomy	p. 1
Physiology	p. 12
Motor control	p. 19
Biomechanics	p. 19
Normal gait	p. 29
Walking and gait	p. 29
History	p. 29
Terminology used in gait analysis	p. 32
Outline of the gait cycle	p. 35
The gait cycle in detail	p. 40
Ground reaction forces	p. 48
Support moment	p. 51
Energy consumption	p. 51
Optimisation of energy usage	p. 53
Starting and stopping	p. 56
Other varieties of gait	p. 58
Changes in gait with age	p. 58
Pathological and other abnormal gaits	p. 65
Specific gait abnormalities	p. 65
Walking aids	p. 78
Treadmill gait	p. 82
Methods of gait analysis	p. 83
Visual gait analysis	p. 83
Temporal and spatial parameters during gait	p. 87
Measurement of temporal and spatial parameters during gait	p. 88
Camera-based motion analysis	p. 89
Active marker systems	p. 96
Electrogoniometers and potentiometer devices	p. 97
Accelerometers	p. 99
Gyroscopes, magnetic fields and motion capture suits	p. 100
Measuring force and pressure	p. 101
Pressure beneath the foot	p. 103
Measuring muscle activity	p. 105
Measuring energy expenditure	p. 108
Combined kinetic/kinematic systems	p. 109
Applications of gait analysis	p. 113
Clinical gait assessment	p. 113
Conditions benefiting from gait assessment	p. 119
Future developments	p. 119
Conclusion	p. 122
Gait assessment of neurological disorders	p. 125
Gait assessment in cerebral palsy	p. 125
Definition, causes and prevalence	p. 125
Classification	p. 125
Impairments	p. 128
Clinical management	p. 130
Gait analysis	p. 131
Gait analysis	p. 134
Conclusion	p. 135
Key points	p. 136
Gait assessment in stroke	p. 136
Temporal and spatial parameters	p. 136
Kinematics	p. 138
Kinetics	p. 138
Clinical management	p. 138
Key points	p. 139
Gait assessment in Parkinson's disease	p. 139
Clinical management	p. 140
Conclusion	p. 142
Key points	p. 143
Gait assessment in muscular dystrophy	p. 143
Clinical management	p. 145
Key points	p. 145
Gait analysis in musculoskeletal conditions, prosthetics and orthotics	p. 151
Total hip replacement	p. 151
Spatiotemporal factors	p. 151
Kinematics	p. 151
Kinetics	p. 152
Additional clinical relevance	p. 152
Key points	p. 153
Gait analysis in knee osteoarthritis	p. 153
Surgical management	p. 153
Total knee arthroplasty	p. 153
Kinematics	p. 154
Kinetics	p. 154
Additional clinical relevance	p. 155
High tibial osteotomy	p. 155
Conservative management of knee osteoarthritis	p. 156
Key points	p. 157
Prosthetics and orthotics	p. 157
Amputee gait	p. 158
Temporal-spatial parameters	p. 159
Kinematics	p. 159
Kinetics	p. 160
Key points	p. 162
Orthotic management	p. 162
Knee ankle foot orthoses	p. 164
Foot orthoses	p. 164
Key points	p. 165
Index	p. 169
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