Wind Energy Explained : Theory, Design and Application

by Manwell, James F.; McGowan, Jon G.; Rogers, Anthony L.

• ISBN13: 9780470015001
• ISBN10: 0470015004
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-02-01
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

Wind energy’s bestselling textbook- fully revised.

This must-have second edition includes up-to-date data, diagrams, illustrations and thorough new material on:

-the fundamentals of wind turbine aerodynamics;

-wind turbine testing and modeling;

-wind turbine design standards;

-offshore wind energy;

-special purpose applications, such as energy storage and fuel production.

Wind Energy Explained: Theory, Design and Application, 2nd Edition includes the latest data, illustrations and all new material on wind turbines, offshore wind energy, and more. Fifty new homework problems and a new appendix on data processing are just a few of the updates and expansions for this fine edition, recommended for any college-level science and natural resources collection..

This book offers a complete examination of one of the most promising sources of renewable energy and is a great introduction to this cross-disciplinary field for practicing engineers.

“provides a wealth of information and is an excellent reference book for people interested in the subject of wind energy.” (IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, November/December 2003)

“deserves a place in the library of every university and college where renewable energy is taught.” (The International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education, Vol.41, No.2 April 2004)

“a very comprehensive and well-organized treatment of the current status of wind power.” (Choice, Vol. 40, No. 4, December 2002)

Author Biography

James Manwell is a professor of Mechanical Engineering the University of Massachusetts and the Director of the Wind Energy Center there. He hold an M.S. in Electrical and Computer engineering and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering. he has been involved with a wide range of wind energy research areas since the mid 1970's. These range from wind turbine dynamics to wind hybrid power systems. His most recent research has focused on the assessment of external conditions related to the design of offshore wind turbines. he has participated in activities of the International Energy Agency, the International Electrotechnical Commission and the International Science Panel on Renewable Energies. He lives in Conway, Massachusetts.

John McGowan a professor Mechanical Engineering at the University of Massachusetts and the co-Director of the Wind Energy Center there. He holds an M.S. and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering. During his forty plus years at the University he has developed and taught a number of fundamental undergraduate/graduate engineering courses in renewable energy and energy conversion. His research and graduate student supervision at UMass has produced approximately 200 technical papers in a wide range of energy conversion applications. His recent research interests in wind engineering have been concentrated in the areas of wind system siting, hybrid systems modeling, economics, and offshore wind engineering. Professor McGowan is a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and editor of Wind Engineering journal. He lives in Northfield, Massachusetts.

Anthony Rogers holds both and M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Massachusetts and was formerly a senior research engineer in the Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (now the Wind Energy center) there. He is presently a senior engineer at DNV Global Energy Concepts. He has had a long career in the wind energy field, and has been involved with a wide range of topics. These have included wind turbine monitoring and control and the application of remote sensing devices. He lives in Amherst, Massachusetts.

Table of Contents

About the Authors	p. ix
Preface	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Introduction: Modern Wind Energy and its Origins	p. 1
Modern Wind Turbines	p. 2
History of Wind Energy	p. 10
References	p. 21
Wind Characteristics and Resources	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
General Characteristics of the Wind Resource	p. 24
Characteristics of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer	p. 36
Wind Data Analysis and Resource Estimation	p. 53
Wind Turbine Energy Production Estimates Using Statistical Techniques	p. 63
Regional Wind Resource Assessment	p. 65
Wind Prediction and Forecasting	p. 72
Wind Measurement and Instrumentation	p. 74
Advanced Topics	p. 84
References	p. 87
Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines	p. 91
General Overview	p. 91
One-dimensional Momentum Theory and the Betz Limit	p. 92
Ideal Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine with Wake Rotation	p. 96
Airfoils and General Concepts of Aerodynamics	p. 101
Blade Design for Modern Wind Turbines	p. 115
Momentum Theory and Blade Element Theory	p. 117
Blade Shape for Ideal Rotor without Wake Rotation	p. 121
General Rotor Blade Shape Performance Prediction	p. 124
Blade Shape for Optimum Rotor with Wake Rotation	p. 131
Generalized Rotor Design Procedure	p. 133
Simplified HAWT Rotor Performance Calculation Procedure	p. 138
Effect of Drag and Blade Number on Optimum Performance	p. 139
Computational and Aerodynamic Issues in Aerodynamic Design	p. 141
Aerodynamics of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines	p. 145
References	p. 153
Mechanics and Dynamics	p. 157
Background	p. 157
Wind Turbine Loads	p. 158
General Principles of Mechanics	p. 161
Wind Turbine Rotor Dynamics	p. 172
Methods for Modeling Wind Turbine Structural Response	p. 200
References	p. 202
Electrical Aspects of Wind Turbines	p. 205
Overview	p. 205
Basic Concepts of Electrical Power	p. 206
Power Transformers	p. 217
Electrical Machines	p. 219
Power Converters	p. 237
Electrical Aspects of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines	p. 246
Ancillary Electrical Equipment	p. 253
References	p. 255
Wind Turbine Materials and Components	p. 257
Overview	p. 257
Material Fatigue	p. 257
Wind Turbine Materials	p. 266
Machine Elements	p. 270
Principal Wind Turbine Components	p. 276
References	p. 308
Wind Turbine Design and Testing	p. 311
Overview	p. 311
Design Procedure	p. 312
Wind Turbine Topologies	p. 316
Wind Turbine Standards, Technical Specifications, and Certification	p. 322
Wind Turbine Design Loads	p. 325
Load Scaling Relations	p. 333
Power Curve Prediction	p. 336
Computer Codes for Wind Turbine Design	p. 340
Design Evaluation	p. 345
Wind Turbine and Component Testing	p. 346
References	p. 355
Wind Turbine Control	p. 359
Introduction	p. 359
Overview of Wind Turbine Control Systems	p. 364
Typical Grid-connected Turbine Operation	p. 370
Supervisory Control Overview and Implementation	p. 374
Dynamic Control Theory and Implementation	p. 382
References	p. 404
Wind Turbine Siting, System Design, and Integration	p. 407
General Overview	p. 407
Wind Turbine Siting	p. 408
Installation and Operation Issues	p. 416
Wind Farms	p. 419
Wind Turbines and Wind Farms in Electrical Grids	p. 433
References	p. 446
Wind Energy Applications	p. 449
General Overview	p. 449
Distributed Generation	p. 450
Hybrid Power Systems	p. 450
Offshore Wind Energy	p. 461
Operation in Severe Climates	p. 478
Special Purpose Applications	p. 480
Energy Storage	p. 489
Fuel Production	p. 497
References	p. 501
Wind Energy System Economics	p. 505
Introduction	p. 505
Overview of Economic Assessment of Wind Energy Systems	p. 506
Capital Costs of Wind Energy Systems	p. 511
Operation and Maintenance Costs	p. 519
Value of Wind Energy	p. 521
Economic Analysis Methods	p. 530
Wind Energy Market Considerations	p. 539
References	p. 543
Wind Energy Systems: Environmental Aspects and Impacts	p. 547
Introduction	p. 547
Avian/Bat Interaction with Wind Turbines	p. 549
Visual Impact of Wind Turbines	p. 556
Wind Turbine Noise	p. 561
Electromagnetic Interference Effects	p. 573
Land-Use Environmental Impacts	p. 582
Other Environmental Considerations	p. 585
References	p. 589
Nomenclature	p. 593
Note on Nomenclature and Units	p. 593
Chapter 2	p. 593
Chapter 3	p. 595
Chapter 4	p. 597
Chapter 5	p. 601
Chapter 6	p. 604
Chapter 7	p. 606
Chapter 8	p. 607
Chapter 9	p. 608
Chapter 10	p. 610
Chapter 11	p. 612
Chapter 12	p. 613
Abbreviations	p. 614
Problems	p. 617
Problem Solving	p. 617
Chapter 2 Problems	p. 617
Chapter 3 Problems	p. 621
Chapter 4 Problems	p. 628
Chapter 5 Problems	p. 632
Chapter 6 Problems	p. 637
Chapter 7 Problems	p. 639
Chapter 8 Problems	p. 642
Chapter 9 Problems	p. 647
Chapter 10 Problems	p. 652
Chapter 11 Problems	p. 656
Chapter 12 Problems	p. 658
Data Analysis and Data Synthesis	p. 661
Overview	p. 661
Data Analysis	p. 661
Data Synthesis	p. 671
References	p. 675
Index	p. 677
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