Working With Young Children

by Herr, Judy; Herr, Judy, Dr.

• ISBN13: 9781566373876
• ISBN10: 1566373875
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-06-01
• Publisher: Goodheart-Willcox Co

Summary

Working with Young Children focuses on the application of child development principles to the care of children in group settings. Introduce your students to the fast-growing field of child care services, and help them learn the necessary skills. This popular text features an inviting, colorful format and up-to-date topics.
-- Topics include the CDA credential; guidance principles; water play, sand play, and blockbuilding experiences; new social studies topics; and more on-the-job application process.
-- Helps students develop effective skills for guiding children and for keeping them safe and healthy.
-- Provides instruction for setting up a developmentally-appropriate environment.
-- Covers planning and implementing curriculum that will meet children's needs and hold their interest.
-- Includes hundreds of full-color photos taken in actual child care settings.

Table of Contents

Part 1 The Children and You	13	(96)
Chapter 1 You: Working with Young Children	13	(14)
Social and Economic Changes	14	(1)
Job Opportunities in Early Childhood	15	(2)
Education and Training Needed to Work with Young Children	17	(1)
The Teacher's Responsibilities	18	(4)
Characteristics of Successful Teachers	22	(5)
Chapter 2 Types of Early Childhood Programs	27	(12)
Family Child Care	28	(1)
Child Care Centers	28	(1)
Montessori Schools	29	(1)
Head Start	30	(1)
Kindergarten	30	(2)
School-Aged Child Care	32	(1)
Parent Cooperatives	32	(1)
Laboratory Schools	32	(1)
High School Child Care Programs	33	(1)
Sponsorship of Early Childhood Centers	33	(2)
Selecting a Child Care Program	35	(2)
Center Accreditation	37	(2)
Chapter 3 Observing Children: A Tool for Assessment	39	(12)
Assessment	40	(3)
Assessment Tools	43	(5)
Portfolios	48	(1)
Guidelines for Observing Children	49	(2)
Chapter 4 Understanding Children from Birth to Age Two	51	(16)
Child Development	51	(3)
Physical Development in the First Two Years	54	(3)
Cognitive Development in the First Two Years	57	(5)
Social-Emotional Development in the First Two Years	62	(5)
Chapter 5 Understanding Two- and Three-Year-Olds	67	(14)
Physical Development of Two-Year-Olds	67	(2)
Cognitive Development of Two-Year-Olds	69	(1)
Social-Emotional Development of Two-Year-Olds	70	(2)
Teaching Two-Year-Olds	72	(1)
Physical Development of Three-Year-Olds	73	(2)
Cognitive Development of Three-Year-Olds	75	(1)
Social-Emotional Development of Three-Year-Olds	76	(2)
Teaching Three-Year-Olds	78	(3)
Chapter 6 Understanding Four- and Five-Year-Olds	81	(12)
Physical Development of Four- and Five-Year-Olds	81	(3)
Congnitive Development of Preschoolers	84	(4)
Social-Emotional Development of Preschoolers	88	(2)
Teaching Four- and Five-Year-Olds	90	(3)
Chapter 7 Middle Childhood	93	(16)
Physical Development	94	(2)
Health Concerns	96	(2)
Cognitive Development	98	(3)
Social-Emotional Development	101	(4)
Moral Development	105	(4)
Part 2 Creating a Safe and Healthy Environment	109	(86)
Chapter 8 Preparing the Environment	109	(22)
Value of Planned Space	110	(1)
Physical Space	111	(3)
Furniture	114	(1)
Color Choices for Child Care Centers	115	(1)
Factors That Affect Space Organization	116	(3)
Organizing Basic Activity Areas	119	(6)
Outdoor Play Area	125	(6)
Chapter 9 Selecting Toys, Equipment, and Educational Materials	131	(16)
Selection Criteria	131	(9)
Selecting Safe Toys	140	(2)
Selecting Play Yard Equipment	142	(2)
Reporting Unsafe Products	144	(1)
Sources for Toys and Equipment	144	(3)
Chapter 10 Promoting Children's Safety	147	(14)
Safety Objectives	148	(1)
Provide a Safe Environment	149	(2)
Practice Fire Safety	151	(2)
Weather or Disaster Emergencies	153	(1)
Poisonings	154	(1)
Child Abuse	155	(1)
Reporting Child Abuse	156	(1)
Protection Education	157	(1)
Liability	157	(4)
Chapter 11 Planning Nutritious Meals and Snacks	161	(14)
Nutrition	162	(2)
The Food Guide Pyramid	164	(3)
Planning Meals and Snacks	167	(2)
Serving Meals	169	(6)
Chapter 12 Guiding Children's Health	175	(20)
Objectives for Guiding Health	176	(1)
Health Policies	176	(6)
Controlling Diseases Transmitted by Foods	182	(1)
First Aid	183	(1)
Wounds and Their Treatment	183	(3)
Burns and Their Treatment	186	(1)
Splinters	187	(1)
Insect Stings	187	(1)
Choking	187	(1)
Dental Emergencies	187	(2)
Head Lice	189	(1)
Caring for Children Who Become III	189	(1)
Special Health Concerns	190	(5)
Part 3 Guiding Children	195	(60)
Chapter 13 Developing Guidance Skills	195	(20)
Goals of Guidance	195	(1)
Guidance and You	196	(1)
Preparing for Guidance	197	(1)
Direct Guidance	198	(4)
Indirect Guidance	202	(1)
Techniques for Effective Guidance	203	(6)
Promoting a Positive Self-Concept	209	(6)
Chapter 14 Guidance Problems	215	(12)
Causes of Tension	216	(4)
Stress	220	(1)
Reactions to Tension	221	(1)
Negativism	221	(1)
Stealing	221	(1)
Anger	222	(1)
Biting	223	(1)
Tattling	223	(1)
Exploring the Body	223	(1)
Thumbsucking	224	(1)
Fear	224	(3)
Chapter 15 Establishing Classroom Rules	227	(10)
Establishing Rules	227	(2)
Enforcing Rules	229	(1)
Rules for Specific Areas and Activities	229	(5)
Communicating Rules	234	(1)
Chapter 16 Handling Daily Routines	237	(18)
The Daily Schedule	237	(2)
Daily Routines	239	(9)
Transitions	248	(7)
Part 4 Learning Experiences for Children	255	(166)
Chapter 17 The Curriculum	255	(20)
Developing Program Goals	256	(1)
Who Plans the Curriculum?	256	(1)
Assessment: An Important Step in Curriculum Planning	257	(1)
The Content and Process-Centered Curriculum	257	(1)
Factors to Consider in Curriculum Planning	258	(5)
Themes	263	(4)
Written Plans	267	(8)
Chapter 18 Guiding Art, Blockbuilding, and Sensory Experiences	275	(18)
The Importance of Art Experiences	275	(1)
Techniques for Guiding Art Experiences	276	(1)
Stages of Art Skill Development	277	(1)
Art Supplies and Tools	278	(5)
Painting Activities	283	(2)
Molding	285	(1)
Cutting	286	(1)
Collages	287	(1)
Blockbuilding	287	(2)
Sensory Experiences: Sand and Water Play	289	(1)
Woodworking	290	(3)
Chapter 19 Guiding Storytelling Experiences	293	(14)
The Importance of Storytelling	294	(1)
Books as a Source of Stories	294	(1)
Selecting Books for Children	295	(3)
Reading Stories to Children	298	(3)
Achieving Variety in Storytelling	301	(3)
Displaying Books	304	(3)
Chapter 20 Guiding Play and Puppetry Experiences	307	(14)
Stages of Play	307	(2)
Stages of Material Use in Play	309	(1)
Socio-Dramatic Play	309	(5)
Puppetry	314	(7)
Chapter 21 Guiding Manuscript Writing	321	(10)
Objectives for Writing	322	(1)
Prewriting Skills	322	(1)
Manuscript Writing Systems	323	(2)
Building Writing Skills	325	(2)
Early Experiences in Writing	327	(4)
Chapter 22 Guiding Math Experiences	331	(14)
Goals of Early Math Experiences	332	(1)
Assessing Math Ability	333	(1)
Math Equipment	333	(1)
Mathematical Activities	334	(9)
Integrating Computers in Child Care Centers	343	(2)
Chapter 23 Guiding Science Experiences	345	(20)
What Is Science?	345	(1)
Planning Science Activities	346	(3)
Role of the Teacher	349	(1)
Developing the Child's Understanding of Senses	350	(1)
Using Color to Teach Science Concepts	351	(1)
Using Water to Teach Science Concepts	352	(1)
Using Foods to Teach Science Concepts	353	(1)
Using the Child's Own Body to Teach Science Concepts	354	(1)
Using Gardening to Teach Science Concepts	355	(1)
Using Air to Teach Science Concepts	356	(1)
Using Magnets to Teach Science Concepts	357	(1)
Using Wheels to Teach Science Concepts	358	(1)
Using Field Trips to Teach Science Concepts	358	(1)
Using Animals to Teach Science Concepts	359	(3)
Care of the Earth	362	(3)
Chapter 24 Guiding Social Studies Experiences	365	(12)
Importance of Social Studies	366	(1)
The Teacher's Role in Social Studies	366	(3)
Building Social Studies Concepts	369	(8)
Chapter 25 Guiding Food and Nutrition Experiences	377	(8)
Working with Parents	378	(1)
Nutrition Concepts	379	(1)
Cooking Experiences	379	(2)
Eating Habits	381	(1)
Setting the Table	382	(3)
Chapter 26 Guiding Music and Movement Experiences	385	(20)
Benefits of Music Experiences	386	(1)
A Music Center	387	(1)
The Teacher's Role	387	(4)
Rhythm Instruments	391	(3)
Scheduling Music	394	(1)
Music Activities	395	(3)
Movement Experiences	398	(2)
Movement Activities	400	(5)
Chapter 27 Guiding Field Trip Experiences	405	(16)
The Importance of Field Trips	405	(1)
First Field Trips	406	(1)
Selecting Trips	407	(3)
Planning a Field Trip	410	(11)
Part 5 Other People You Will Meet	421	(84)
Chapter 28 Programs for Infants and Toddlers	421	(18)
Characteristics of Infant and Toddler Caregivers	422	(1)
Guidelines for Infant-Toddler Care	422	(1)
Infant Environments	423	(1)
Toddler Environments	423	(1)
Caring for Infants and Toddlers	424	(5)
Toys for Infants and Toddlers	429	(3)
Curriculum	432	(2)
Parent Involvement	434	(3)
Record Keeping	437	(1)
Maintaining the Environment to Prevent Illness	437	(2)
Chapter 29 Programs for School-Age Children	439	(12)
Quality School-Age Programs	440	(2)
Characteristics of Staff	442	(1)
The Environment	443	(2)
Planning Curriculum	445	(1)
Scheduling	446	(5)
Chapter 30 Guiding Children with Special Needs	451	(20)
Individualized Educational Plans	452	(1)
Teachers' Roles	453	(1)
Hearing Disorders	454	(2)
Speech and Language Disorders	456	(2)
Vision Disorders	458	(3)
Physical Disabilities	461	(1)
Health Disorders	462	(4)
Integrating Children with Special Needs	466	(2)
Gifted Children	468	(1)
Learning Disabilities	469	(2)
Chapter 31 Parent Involvement	471	(18)
Objectives	472	(1)
Written Communication	473	(3)
Class Videos	476	(1)
Parent-Teacher Conferences	476	(4)
Discussion Groups	480	(1)
Other Methods of Involvement	481	(2)
Volunteers	483	(6)
Chapter 32 A Career for You in Child Care	489	(16)
Ranking Job Preferences	489	(1)
Resumes	490	(4)
Avenues for Seeking Employment	494	(3)
Preparing for an Interview	497	(1)
The Interview	498	(4)
On the Job	502	(3)
Appendix	505	(15)
Acknowledgments	520	(1)
Photo Credits	520	(1)
Glossary	521	(12)
Index	533