World Civilizations, Volume II : The Global Experience 1450 to Present

by Stearns, Peter N.; Adas, Michael; Schwartz, Stuart B.; Gilbert, Marc Jason

• ISBN13: 9780321409812
• ISBN10: 0321409817
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Longman

Summary

The primary goal of World Civilizations is to present a truly global historysince the development of agriculture and herding to the present. Overview of World History. Readers interested in the history and development of civilization worldwide.

Table of Contents

Maps	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Supplements	p. xix
About the Authors	p. xxiii
Prologue	p. xxv
The Early Modern Period, 1450-1750: The World Shrinks	p. 452
The World Economy	p. 458
The West's First Outreach: Maritime Power	p. 460
In Depth: Causation and the West's Expansion	p. 464
Toward a World Economy	p. 465
Visualizing the Past: West Indian Slaveholding	p. 467
Colonial Expansion	p. 469
Document: Western Conquerors: Tactics and Motives	p. 470
Global Connections: The World Economy-And the World	p. 476
Further Readings	p. 476
On the Web	p. 477
The Transformation of the West, 1450-1750	p. 478
The First Big Changes: Culture and Commerce, 1450-1650	p. 480
Science and Politics: The Next Phase of Change	p. 486
Visualizing the Past: Versailles	p. 488
In Depth: Elites and Masses	p. 491
The West by 1750	p. 491
Document: Controversies About Women	p. 493
Global Connections: Europe and the World	p. 496
Further Readings	p. 496
On the Web	p. 496
The Rise of Russia	p. 498
Russia's Expansionist Politics Under the Tsars	p. 500
Russia's First Westernization, 1690-1790	p. 502
Document: The Nature of Westernization	p. 507
Themes in Early Modern Russian History	p. 508
Visualizing the Past: Oppressed Peasants	p. 509
In Depth: Multinational Empires	p. 512
Global Connections: Russia and the World	p. 512
Further Readings	p. 512
On the Web	p. 513
Early Latin America	p. 514
Spaniards and Portuguese: From Reconquest to Conquest	p. 517
Document: A Vision from the Vanquished	p. 521
The Destruction and Transformation of American Indian Societies	p. 523
In Depth: The Great Exchange	p. 526
Colonial Economies and Governments	p. 526
Brazil: The First Plantation Colony	p. 531
Multiracial Societies	p. 533
Visualizing the Past: Race or Culture? A Changing Society	p. 534
The 18th-Century Reforms	p. 536
Global Connections: Latin American Civilization and the World Context	p. 539
Further Readings	p. 540
On the Web	p. 540
Africa and the Africans in the Age of the Atlantic Slave Trade	p. 542
The Atlantic Slave Trade	p. 545
In Depth: Slavery and Human Society	p. 548
African Societies, Slavery, and the Slave Trade	p. 550
Visualizing the Past: Symbols of African Kingship	p. 555
White Settlers and Africans in Southern Africa	p. 556
The African Diaspora	p. 558
Document: An African's Description of the Middle Passage	p. 560
Global Connections: Africa and the African Diaspora in World Context	p. 563
Further Readings	p. 564
On the Web	p. 564
The Muslim Empires	p. 566
The Ottomans: From Frontier Warriors to Empire Builders	p. 569
Document: An Islamic Traveler Laments the Muslims' Indifference to Europe	p. 574
The Shi'a Challenge of the Safavids	p. 576
In Depth: The Gunpowder Empires and the Shifting Balance of Global Power	p. 578
The Mughals and the Apex of Muslim Civilization in India	p. 583
Visualizing the Past: The Basis of Imperial Power in the Rival Muslim Empires	p. 585
Global Connections: Gunpowder Empires and the Restoration of the Islamic Bridge Between Civilizations	p. 590
Further Readings	p. 590
On the Web	p. 591
Asian Transitions in an Age of Global Change	p. 592
The Asian Trading World and the Coming of the Europeans	p. 594
Visualizing the Past: Intruders: The Pattern of Early European Expansion into Asia	p. 598
Ming China: A Global Mission Refused	p. 601
Document: Exam Questions as a Mirror of Chinese Values	p. 603
In Depth: Means and Motives for Overseas Expansion: Europe and China Compared	p. 606
Fending Off the West: Japan's Reunification and the First Challenge	p. 609
Global Connections: An Age of Eurasian Closure	p. 612
Further Readings	p. 613
On the Web	p. 613
The Dawn of the Industrial Age, 1750-1914	p. 616
The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1750-1914	p. 622
The Age of Revolution	p. 623
Visualizing the Past: The French Revolution in Cartoons	p. 627
The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914	p. 631
Document: Women in the Industrial Revolution	p. 634
Cultural Transformations	p. 637
Western Settler Societies	p. 639
In Depth: The United States in World History	p. 642
Diplomatic Tensions and World War I	p. 644
Global Connections: Industrial Europe and the World	p. 645
Further Readings	p. 646
On the Web	p. 646
Industrialization and Imperialism: The Making of the European Global Order	p. 648
The Shift to Land Empires in Asia	p. 651
In Depth: Western Education and the Rise of an African and Asian Middle Class	p. 656
Industrial Rivalries and the Partition of the World, 1870-1914	p. 659
Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change	p. 662
Visualizing the Past: Capitalism and Colonialism	p. 663
Document: Contrary Images: The Colonizer Versus the Colonized on the "Civilizing Mission"	p. 665
Global Connections: A European-Dominated World Order	p. 670
Further Readings	p. 671
On the Web	p. 671
The Consolidation of Latin America, 1830-1920	p. 672
From Colonies to Nations	p. 674
New Nations Confront Old and New Problems	p. 678
Document: Confronting the Hispanic Heritage: From Independence to Consolidation	p. 680
Latin American Economies and World Markets, 1820-1870	p. 682
Societies in Search of Themselves	p. 689
In Depth: Explaining Underdevelopment	p. 692
Visualizing the Past Images of the Spanish-American War	p. 695
Global Connections: New Latin American Nations and the World	p. 697
Further Readings	p. 698
On the Web	p. 698
Civilizations in Crisis: The Ottoman Empire, the Islamic Heartlands, and Qing China	p. 700
From Empire to Nation: Ottoman Retreat and the Birth of Turkey	p. 703
In Depth: Western Dominance and the Decline of Civilizations	p. 706
Western Intrusions and the Crisis in the Arab Islamic Heartlands	p. 707
Visualizing the Past: Mapping the Decline of Civilizations	p. 712
The Last Dynasty: The Rise and Fall of the Qing Empire in China	p. 714
Document: Building a New China	p. 721
Global Connections: Muslim and Chinese Decline and a Shifting Global Balance	p. 721
Further Readings	p. 722
On the Web	p. 723
Russia and Japan: Industrialization Outside the West	p. 724
Russia's Reforms and Industrial Advance	p. 727
Document: Conditions for Factory Workers in Russia's Industrialization	p. 731
Protest and Revolution in Russia	p. 732
Japan: Transformation Without Revolution	p. 735
In Depth: The Separate Paths of Japan and China	p. 737
Visualizing the Past: Two Faces of Western Influence	p. 740
Global Connections: Russia and Japan in the World	p. 742
Further Readings	p. 743
On the Web	p. 743
The Newest Stage of World History: 1914-Present	p. 746
Descent into the Abyss: World War I and the Crisis of the European Global Order	p. 754
The Coming of the Great War	p. 757
A World at War	p. 759
Visualizing the Past: Trench Warfare	p. 764
Failed Peace	p. 765
The Nationalist Assault on the European Colonial Order	p. 767
Document: Lessons for the Colonized from the Slaughter in the Trenches	p. 768
In Depth: Women in Asian and African Nationalist Movements	p. 776
Global Connections: World War and Global Upheavals	p. 779
Further Readings	p. 779
On the Web	p. 780
The World Between the Wars: Revolutions, Depression, and Authoritarian Response	p. 782
The Roaring Twenties	p. 783
Revolution: The First Waves	p. 789
In Depth: A Century of Revolutions	p. 794
The Global Great Depression	p. 800
The Authoritarian Response	p. 803
Visualizing the Past: Guernica and the Images of War	p. 805
Document: Socialist Realism	p. 810
Global Connections: Economic Depression, Authoritarian Response, and Democratic Retreat	p. 813
Further Readings	p. 813
On the Web	p. 814
A Second Global Conflict and the end of the European World Order	p. 816
Old and New Causes of a Second World War	p. 819
Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of War in Europe and the Pacific	p. 820
In Depth: Total War	p. 821
The Conduct of a Second Global War	p. 823
Document: Japan and the Loss of World War II	p. 828
War's End and the Emergence of the Superpower Standoff	p. 829
Nationalism and Decolonization	p. 831
Visualizing the Past: On National Leadership	p. 835
Global Connections: Persisting Trends in a World Transformed by War	p. 839
Further Readings	p. 839
On the Web	p. 840
Western Society and Eastern Europe in the Decades of the Cold War	p. 842
After World War II: A New International Setting for the West	p. 844
The Resurgence of Western Europe	p. 847
In Depth: The United States and Western Europe: Convergence and Complexity	p. 852
Cold War Allies: The United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand	p. 853
Culture and Society in the West	p. 855
Visualizing the Past: Women at Work in France and the United States	p. 857
Eastern Europe After World War II: A Soviet Empire	p. 860
Soviet Culture: Promoting New Beliefs and Institutions	p. 863
Document: 1986: A New Wave of Soviet Reform	p. 868
Global Connections: The Cold War and the World	p. 869
Further Readings	p. 870
On the Web	p. 870
Latin America: Revolution and Reaction into the 21st Century	p. 872
Latin America After World War II	p. 875
Radical Options in the 1950s	p. 877
Visualizing the Past: Murals and Posters: Art and Revolution	p. 878
The Search for Reform and the Military Option	p. 881
Document: The People Speak	p. 882
In Depth: Human Rights in the 20th Century	p. 886
Societies in Search of Change	p. 888
Global Connections: Struggling Toward the Future in a Global Economy	p. 891
Further Readings	p. 892
On the Web	p. 892
Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence	p. 894
The Challenges of Independence	p. 896
Document: Cultural Creativity in the Emerging Nations: Some Literary Samples	p. 903
In Depth: Artificial Nations and the Rising Tide of Communal Strife	p. 904
Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice	p. 906
Visualizing the Past: Globalization and Postcolonial Societies	p. 917
Global Connections: Postcolonial Nations in the Cold War World Order	p. 917
Further Readings	p. 918
On the Web	p. 918
Rebirth and Revolution: Nation-Building in East Asia and the Pacific Rim	p. 920
East Asia in the Postwar Settlements	p. 922
Japan, Incorporated	p. 925
The Pacific Rim: New Japans?	p. 929
Visualizing the Past: Pacific Rim Growth	p. 931
In Depth: The Pacific Rim as a U.S. Policy Issue	p. 932
Mao's China and Beyond	p. 933
Document: Women in the Revolutionary Struggle	p. 938
Colonialism and Revolution in Vietnam	p. 940
Global Connections: East Asia and the Pacific Rim in the Contemporary World	p. 945
Further Readings	p. 946
On the Web	p. 946
The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006	p. 948
The End of the Cold War	p. 949
Visualizing the Past: Symbolism in the Breakdown of the Soviet Bloc	p. 955
The Spread of Democracy	p. 957
Document: Democratic Protest and Repression in China	p. 958
The Great Powers and New Disputes	p. 960
The United States as Sole Superpower	p. 963
In Depth: Terrorism, Then and Now	p. 964
Global Connections: New Global Standards, New Divisions	p. 967
Further Readings	p. 967
On the Web	p. 968
Globalization and Resistance	p. 970
Globalization: Causes and Processes	p. 971
Document: Protests Against Globalization	p. 976
Resistance and Alternatives	p. 978
In Depth: How Much Historical Change?	p. 980
The Global Environment	p. 981
Visualizing the Past: Two Faces of Globalization	p. 984
Toward the Future	p. 985
Global Connections: Civilizations and Global Forces	p. 986
Further Readings	p. 986
On the Web	p. 987
Document Analysis Questions	p. D-1
Glossary	p. G-1
Credits	p. C-1
Index	p. I-1
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