ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription

by American College of Sports Medicine

Edition:

7th

ISBN13:

9780781745062

ISBN10:

0781745063

Format:

Spiral Bound

Pub. Date:

5/19/2005

Publisher(s):

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

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Summary

The single most internationally read and referenced text in sports medicine, exercise science, and health and fitness, this manual succinctly summarizes recommended procedures for exercise testing and exercise prescription in healthy and diseased individuals. The Seventh Edition contains the most current public health and clinical information and state-of-the-art, research-based recommendations. Coverage represents the fundamental knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) that must be mastered by candidates for all ACSM certifications. Written by international experts in numerous fields, the Seventh Edition covers additional topics including arthritis, osteoporosis, dyslipidemia, immunology, and metabolic syndrome.

Preface

vii

Nota Bene

Contributors

Abbreviations

xix

Section I Health Appraisal, Risk Assessment, and Safety of Exercise

Benefits and Risks Associated With Physical Activity

(16)

Physical Activity and Fitness Terminology

(2)

Public Health Perspective for Current Recommendations

(2)

Divergent Physical Activity Recommendations

(1)

Benefits of Regular Physical Activity and/or Exercise

(3)

Dose-Response Relationship

(3)

Risks Associated With Exercise

(9)

Sudden Death Among Young Individuals

(1)

Exercise Events in Those With Sickle Cell Trait

(1)

Exercise-Related Cardiac Events in Adults

(1)

Risks of Cardiac Events During Exercise Testing

(1)

Risks of Cardiac Events During Cardiac Rehabilitation

(1)

Prevention of Exercise-Related Cardiac Events

(6)

Preparticipation Health Screening and Risk Stratification

(20)

Preparticipation Screening Algorithm

(11)

Risk Stratification and Medical Clearance

(7)

Additional Preparticipation Assessments

(1)

Exercise Testing and Testing Supervision Recommendations

(1)

Risk Stratification for Cardiac Patients

(9)

Section II Exercise Testing

Pre-Exercise Evaluations

(16)

Medical History, Physical Examination, and Laboratory Tests

(10)

Blood Pressure

(2)

Lipids and Lipoproteins

(1)

Blood Profile Analyses

(1)

Pulmonary Function

(2)

Contraindications to Exercise Testing

(1)

Informed Consent

(6)

Participant Instructions

(4)

Health-Related Physical Fitness Testing and Interpretation

(38)

Purposes of Health-Related Fitness Testing

(1)

Basic Principles and Guidelines

(1)

Pretest Instructions

(1)

Test Order

(1)

Test Environment

(1)

Body Composition

(9)

Anthropometric Methods

(7)

Densitometry

(1)

Other Techniques

(1)

Body Composition Norms

(1)

Cardiorespiratory Fitness

(14)

The Concept of Maximal Oxygen Uptake

(1)

Maximal versus Submaximal Exercise Testing

(1)

Modes of Testing

(8)

Cardiorespiratory Test Sequence and Measures

(2)

Test Termination Criteria

(1)

Interpretation of Results

(1)

Muscular Strength and Muscular Endurance

(5)

Muscular Strength

(2)

Muscular Endurance

(2)

Flexibility

(4)

A Comprehensive Health Fitness Evaluation

(4)

Clinical Exercise Testing

(22)

Indications and Applications

(3)

Diagnostic Exercise Testing

(1)

Exercise Testing for Disease Severity and Prognosis

(1)

Exercise Testing After Myocardial Infarction

(1)

Functional Exercise Testing

(1)

Exercise Test Modalities

(3)

Exercise Protocols

(3)

Upper Body Exercise Testing

102

(1)

Testing for Return to Work

102

(1)

Measurements During Exercise Testing

103

(5)

Heart Rate and Blood Pressure

103

(2)

Electrocardiographic Monitoring

105

(1)

Subjective Ratings and Symptoms

106

(1)

Gas Exchange and Ventilatory Responses

107

(1)

Blood Gases

108

(1)

Indications for Exercise Test Termination

108

(1)

Postexercise Period

108

(2)

Exercise Testing With Imaging Modalities

110

(2)

Exercise Echocardiography

110

(1)

Exercise Nuclear Imaging

110

(1)

Pharmacologic Stress Testing

111

(1)

Electron Beam Computed Tomography

111

(1)

Supervision of Exercise Testing

112

(3)

Interpretation of Clinical Exercise Test Data

115

(18)

Exercise Testing As a Screening Tool for Coronary Artery Disease

115

(1)

Interpretation of Responses to Graded Exercise Testing

116

(8)

Heart Rate Response

116

(3)

Blood Pressure Response

119

(1)

Electrocardiographic Waveforms

119

(4)

Limiting Signs and Symptoms

123

(1)

Gas Exchange and Ventilatory Responses

123

(1)

Diagnostic Value of Exercise Testing

124

(9)

Sensitivity

124

(1)

Specificity

125

(1)

Predictive Value

125

(1)

Comparison With Imaging Stress Tests

126

(1)

Prognostic Applications of the Exercise Test

126

(7)

Section III Exercise Prescription

General Principles of Exercise Prescription

133

(41)

Principles of Training

134

(1)

Overview of the Exercise Prescription

135

(1)

The Art of Exercise Prescription

136

(1)

Components of the Training Session

136

(3)

Warm-up

137

(1)

Stimulus or Conditioning Phase

138

(1)

Recreational Activities

138

(1)

Cool-Down

138

(1)

Cardiorespiratory Exercise Prescription

139

(9)

Mode of Exercise

139

(2)

Exercise Intensity

141

(5)

Exercise Duration

146

(2)

Energy Expenditure Goals

148

(1)

Rate of Progression

149

(2)

Initial Conditioning Stage

150

(1)

Improvement Stage

150

(1)

Maintenance Stage

151

(1)

Training Specificity

151

(3)

Summary of Guidelines for Cardiovascular Stimulus Phase

153

(1)

Resistance Exercise Prescription

154

(4)

Flexibility Exercise Prescription

158

(2)

Maintenance of the Training Effect

160

(1)

Program Supervision

161

(2)

Methods for Changing Exercise Behaviors

163

(11)

Strategies for Increasing Exercise Adherence

165

(1)

Encourage Lifestyle Physical Activity

165

(9)

Exercise Prescription Modifications for Cardiac Patients

174

(31)

Inpatient Rehabilitation Programs

174

(3)

Outpatient Exercise Programs

177

(7)

Exercise Intensity for the Cardiac Patient

178

(3)

Modes of Exercise for Cardiac Patients

181

(1)

Progression of Exercise for the Cardiac Patient

182

(1)

Recommended Total Dose or Volume of Exercise for Cardiac Patients

183

(1)

Exercise Prescription Without a Preliminary Exercise Test

184

(2)

Types of Outpatient Programs

186

(2)

Benefits of Endurance Training in Cardiac Patients

188

(1)

Resistance Training for Cardiac Patients

189

(2)

Eligibility and Exclusion Criteria for Resistance Training

189

(1)

Time Course for Resistance Training

190

(1)

Resistance Training Prescription for Cardiac Patients

190

(1)

Exercise Training for Return to Work

191

(1)

Special Cardiac Patient Populations

191

(14)

Myocardial Ischemia

191

(2)

Congestive Heart Failure

193

(1)

Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators

194

(3)

Cardiac Transplant Recipient

197

(2)

Cardiac Surgery and Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Intervention

199

(6)

Other Clinical Conditions Influencing Exercise Prescription

205

(32)

Arthritis

205

(2)

Exercise Testing

206

(1)

Exercise Prescription

206

(1)

Special Considerations

207

(1)

Diabetes Mellitus

207

(4)

Exercise Testing

208

(1)

Exercise Prescription

208

(2)

Special Considerations

210

(1)

Dyslipidemia

211

(2)

Exercise Testing

212

(1)

Exercise Prescription

212

(1)

Special Considerations

212

(1)

Hypertension

213

(3)

Exercise Testing

214

(1)

Exercise Prescription

215

(1)

Special Considerations

215

(1)

Obesity

216

(3)

Exercise Testing

217

(1)

Exercise Prescription

217

(1)

Special Considerations

218

(1)

Recommended Weight Loss Programs

218

(1)

Metabolic Syndrome

219

(2)

Exercise Testing and Prescription

220

(1)

Immunology

221

(2)

Exercise and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

221

(1)

Immune Responses to Exercise

222

(1)

Exercise Testing

222

(1)

Exercise Prescription

223

(1)

Special Considerations

223

(1)

Osteoporosis

223

(2)

Exercise Testing

224

(1)

Exercise Prescription

224

(1)

Special Considerations

225

(1)

Peripheral Arterial Disease

225

(2)

Exercise Testing

226

(1)

Exercise Prescription

226

(1)

Special Considerations

226

(1)

Pulmonary Diseases

227

(2)

Exercise Testing

227

(1)

Exercise Prescription

228

(1)

Special Considerations

229

(1)

Pregnancy

229

(8)

Exercise Testing

231

(1)

Exercise Prescription

231

(1)

Special Considerations

231

(6)

Exercise Testing and Prescription for Children and Elderly People

237

(114)

Children

237

(9)

Clinical Laboratory Testing

237

(3)

Fitness Testing

240

(1)

Exercise Prescription

241

(5)

Elderly People

246

(9)

Exercise Testing

246

(1)

Exercise Prescription

247

(8)

Section IV Appendices

A Common Medications

255

(12)

B Emergency Management

267

(12)

C Electrocardiogram (ECG) Interpretation

279

(7)

D Metabolic Calculations

286

(14)

E Environmental Considerations

300

(9)

F American College of Sports Medicine Certifications

309

(42)

Index

351

ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription

9780781745062

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Summary

Table of Contents