Aiding Violence: Development Enterprise in Rwanda

by Uvin,Peter

• ISBN13: 9781565490833
• ISBN10: 1565490835
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-11-30
• Publisher: Lynne Rienner

Summary

* Winner of the African Studies Association's 1999 Herskovits Award * A boldly critical look at structural violence relating to the 1994 Rwanda genocide Aiding Violenceexpresses outrage at the contradiction of massive genocide in a country considered by Western aid agencies to be a model of development. Focusing on the 1990s dynamics of militarization and polarization that resulted in genocide, Uvin reveals how aid enterprises reacted, or failed to react, to those dynamics. By outlining the profound structural basis on which the genocidal edifice was built, the book exposes practices of inequality, exclusion, and humiliation throughout Rwanda.

Table of Contents

Illustrations	p. vii
Preface	p. viii
Introduction	p. 1
Background	p. 11
Rwanda before Independence: A Contested History	p. 13
After Independence: Strategies for Elite Consolidation	p. 19
Development as Legitimization	p. 23
The Ideology of the Social Revolution	p. 26
The Roots of Prejudice	p. 27
The Institutionalized Structure of Prejudice	p. 34
The Image of Rwanda in the Development Community	p. 40
The Importance of Development Aid in Rwanda	p. 40
The Image: Development against the Odds	p. 42
The Data	p. 46
From Development to Relief: Explaining the Transition	p. 49
Crisis, Elite Manipulation, and Violence in the 1990s	p. 51
Political and Economic Crises and the Radicalization of Society	p. 53
Economic Crises	p. 53
Political Crises	p. 60
From Elite Fear to the Incitation of Genocide	p. 63
Beyond the Standard Explanation	p. 67
Under the Volcano: The Development Community in the 1990s	p. 82
On Knowledge and Ignorance	p. 83
The 1990s Development Community	p. 87
The Broader Picture	p. 94
The Condition of Structural Violence	p. 103
From Structural to Acute Violence	p. 109
Poverty and Inequality	p. 110
The Forces of Exclusion	p. 118
Prejudice and Humiliation	p. 127
From Structural Violence to Genocide	p. 136
Aid and Structural Violence	p. 141
The Impact of Development Aid on Structural Violence	p. 141
Why the Blindness?	p. 154
Two Issues: The Role of Civil Society and Ecological Resource Scarcity	p. 161
And Where Was Civil Society?	p. 163
Overview of the Associative Sector in Rwanda	p. 164
The Puzzle of Civil Society in Rwanda	p. 167
Civil Society: Quantity versus Quality	p. 169
On the Democratizing Impact of Civil Society	p. 172
The Role of Ecological Resource Scarcity	p. 180
Rwanda's Ecology: An Overview	p. 184
Ecological Resource Scarcity: Challenges and Responses	p. 186
Genocide and Ecological Resource Scarcity	p. 197
Conclusions	p. 203
Why Did People Participate in Genocide? A Theoretically Informed Synthesis	p. 205
Political Science and Sociological Explanations	p. 208
Psychological Explanations	p. 212
Additional Factors of Importance	p. 218
Development Aid: Conclusions and Paths for Reflection	p. 224
The Dual Role of Aid	p. 224
The Politics of Development Interventions	p. 232
Democratization and Civil Society	p. 234
Aid and Political Conditionality	p. 236
Bibliography	p. 239
Index	p. 263
About the Author	p. 275
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