American History Vol. 1 : A Survey

by Brinkley, Alan; Brinkley, Robert

• ISBN13: 9780079121189
• ISBN10: 0079121187
• Edition: 9th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1994-06-01
• Publisher: McGraw Hill College Div

Table of Contents

PREFACE	xiii
CHAPTER ONE THE MEETING OF CULTURES	1	(28)
AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS	1	(4)
The Civilizations of the South	1	(1)
The Civilizations of the North	2	(3)
EUROPE LOOKS WESTWARD	5	(12)
Commerce and Nationalism	5	(1)
Christopher Columbus	6	(3)
The Conquistadores	9	(1)
The Spanish Empire	10	(2)
Northern Outposts	12	(1)
The Empire at High Tide	12	(1)
Biological and Cultural Exchanges	13	(2)
Africa and America	15	(2)
THE ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH	17	(7)
The Commercial Incentive	17	(1)
The Religious Incentive	18	(2)
The English in Ireland	20	(1)
The French and the Dutch in America	21	(1)
The First English Settlements	22	(2)
Roanoke	24	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	24	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	25	(4)
CHAPTER TWO THE ENGLISH "TRANSPLANTATIONS"	29	(34)
THE EARLY CHESAPEAKE	29	(7)
The Founding of Jamestown	30	(1)
Reorganization	31	(1)
Expansion	32	(1)
Maryland and the Calverts	33	(1)
Turbulent Virginia	34	(2)
Bacon's Rebellion	36	(1)
CARIBBEAN COLONIZATION	36	(1)
The West Indies	36	(1)
Masters and Slaves	36	(1)
THE GROWTH OF NEW ENGLAND	37	(8)
Plymouth Plantation	37	(2)
The Massachusetts Bay Experiment	39	(2)
The Expansion of New England	41	(2)
Settlers and Natives	43	(2)
THE RESTORATION COLONIES	45	(6)
The English Civil War	45	(1)
The Carolinas	46	(1)
New Netherland and New York	47	(2)
The Quaker Colonies	49	(1)
The Founding of Georgia	50	(1)
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPIRE	51	(3)
The Drive for Reorganization	51	(2)
The Dominion of New England	53	(1)
The "Glorious Revolution"	53	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	54	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	55	(8)
CHAPTER THREE LIFE IN PROVINCIAL AMERICA	63	(32)
THE COLONIAL POPULATION	63	(11)
The Early Population	63	(2)
Birth and Death	65	(1)
Women and Families in the Chesapeake	66	(1)
Women and Families in New England	67	(1)
The Beginnings of Slavery in British America	68	(2)
Changing Sources of European Immigration	70	(4)
THE COLONIAL ECONOMY	74	(4)
The Southern Economy	74	(1)
The Northern Economy	75	(1)
The Rise of Colonial Commerce	76	(2)
PATTERNS OF SOCIETY	78	(6)
The Plantation	79	(1)
The Puritan Community	80	(2)
The Witchcraft Phenomenon	82	(1)
Cities	83	(1)
THE COLONIAL MIND	84	(6)
The Pattern of Religions	84	(1)
The Decline of Piety	85	(1)
The Great Awakening	86	(1)
Education	87	(1)
The Allure of Science	88	(1)
Concepts of Law and Politics	89	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	90	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	91	(4)
CHAPTER FOUR THE EMPIRE UNDER STRAIN	95	(28)
A LOOSENING OF TIES	95	(2)
A Tradition of Neglect	96	(1)
The Colonies Divided	97	(1)
THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CONTINENT	97	(5)
New France and the Iroquois Nation	98	(1)
Anglo-French Conflicts	99	(1)
The Great War for the Empire	100	(2)
THE NEW IMPERIALISM	102	(6)
Burdens of Empire	102	(3)
The British and the Tribes	105	(1)
The Colonial Response	105	(3)
STIRRINGS OF REVOLT	108	(9)
The Stamp Act Crisis	109	(1)
The Townshend Program	110	(2)
The Boston Massacre	112	(1)
The Philosophy of Revolt	112	(2)
The Tea Excitement	114	(3)
COOPERATION AND WAR	117	(3)
New Sources of Authority	117	(1)
Lexington and Concord	118	(2)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	120	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	121	(2)
CHAPTER FIVE THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION	123	(38)
THE STATES UNITED	123	(5)
Defining American War Aims	123	(2)
The Decision for Independence	125	(1)
Mobilizing for War	126	(2)
THE WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE	128	(8)
The First Phase: New England	128	(2)
The Second Phase: The Mid-Atlantic Region	130	(3)
Securing Aid from Abroad	133	(1)
The Final Phase: The South	133	(3)
Winning the Peace	136	(1)
WAR AND SOCIETY	136	(8)
Loyalists and Minorities	137	(3)
Native Americans and the Revolution	140	(1)
Women's Rights and Women's Roles	141	(2)
The War Economy	143	(1)
THE CREATION OF STATE GOVERNMENTS	144	(2)
The Assumptions of Republicanism	144	(1)
The First State Constitutions	145	(1)
Revising State Governments	145	(1)
Toleration and Slavery	146	(1)
THE SEARCH FOR A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT	146	(6)
The Confederation	147	(1)
Diplomatic Failures	147	(1)
The Confederation and the Northwest	147	(2)
Indians and the Western Lands	149	(2)
Debts, Taxes, and Daniel Shays	151	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	152	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	153	(8)
CHAPTER SIX THE CONSTITUTION AND THE NEW REPUBLIC	161	(22)
FRAMING A NEW GOVERNMENT	161	(9)
Advocates of Centralization	162	(1)
A Divided Convention	163	(1)
Compromise	164	(1)
The Constitution of 1787	164	(4)
Federalists and Antifederalists	168	(1)
Completing the Structure	169	(1)
FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS	170	(4)
Hamilton and the Federalists	171	(1)
Enacting the Federalist Program	171	(1)
The Republican Opposition	172	(2)
ESTABLISHING NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY	174	(2)
Securing the Frontier	174	(1)
Maintaining Neutrality	175	(1)
THE DOWNFALL OF THE FEDERALISTS	176	(4)
The Election of 1796	176	(1)
The Quasi War with France	177	(1)
Repression and Protest	178	(1)
The "Revolution" of 1800	179	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	180	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	180	(3)
CHAPTER SEVEN THE JEFFERSONIAN ERA	183	(36)
THE RISE OF CULTURAL NATIONALISM	183	(7)
Education and Professionalism	184	(2)
"The Rising Glory of America"	186	(1)
The Second Great Awakening	187	(3)
STIRRINGS OF INDUSTRIALISM	190	(5)
The Industrial Revolution in England	190	(1)
Technology in America	191	(2)
Trade and Transportation	193	(1)
Country and City	194	(1)
JEFFERSON THE PRESIDENT	195	(5)
The Federal City	196	(1)
President and Party Leader	196	(1)
Dollars and Ships	197	(1)
Conflict with the Courts	198	(2)
DOUBLING THE NATIONAL DOMAIN	200	(4)
Jefferson and Napoleon	200	(2)
The Louisiana Purchase	202	(1)
Exploring the West	203	(1)
The Burr Conspiracy	204	(1)
EXPANSION AND WAR	204	(6)
Conflict on the Seas	205	(1)
Impressment	205	(1)
"Peaceable Coercion"	206	(1)
Conflicts in the West	206	(2)
Tecumseh and the Prophet	208	(1)
The Lure of Florida	209	(1)
THE WAR OF 1812	210	(4)
Battles with the Tribes	210	(2)
Battles with the British	212	(2)
The Revolt of New England	214	(2)
The Peace Settlement	216
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	214	(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS	216	(3)
CHAPTER EIGHT VARIETIES OF AMERICAN NATIONALISM	219	(22)
STABILIZING ECONOMIC GROWTH	220	(4)
Banking, Currency, and Protection	220	(2)
Transportation	222	(2)
EXPANDING WESTWARD	224	(3)
The Great Migration	224	(1)
White Settlers in the Old Northwest	224	(1)
The Plantation System in the Southwest	225	(1)
Trade and Trapping in the Far West	226	(1)
Eastern Images of the West	227	(1)
THE "ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS"	227	(2)
The End of the First Party System	228	(1)
John Quincy Adams and Florida	228	(1)
The Panic of 1819	229	(1)
SECTIONALISM AND NATIONALISM	229	(6)
The Missouri Compromise	229	(2)
Marshall and the Court	231	(2)
The Court and the Tribes	233	(1)
The Latin American Revolution and the Monroe Doctrine	234	(1)
THE REVIVAL OF OPPOSITION	235	(2)
The "Corrupt Bargain"	236	(1)
The Second President Adams	237	(1)
Jackson Triumphant	238
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	237	(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS	239	(2)
CHAPTER NINE JACKSONIAN AMERICA	241	(28)
THE RISE OF MASS POLITICS	242	(3)
The Expanding Electorate	242	(2)
The Legitimization of Party	244	(1)
"President of the Common Man"	244	(1)
"OUR FEDERAL UNION"	245	(3)
Calhoun and Nullification	245	(1)
The Rise of Van Buren	246	(1)
The Webster-Hayne Debate	247	(1)
The Nullification Crisis	247	(1)
THE REMOVAL OF THE INDIANS	248	(5)
White Attitudes Toward the Tribes	249	(1)
The Black Hawk War	249	(1)
The "Five Civilized Tribes"	250	(1)
Trails of Tears	250	(2)
The Meaning of Removal	252	(1)
JACKSON AND THE BANK WAR	253	(3)
Biddle's Institution	253	(1)
The "Monster" Destroyed	254	(1)
The Taney Court	255	(1)
THE EMERGENCE OF THE SECOND PARTY SYSTEM	256	(3)
Party Philosophies	256	(1)
Party Constituencies	257	(1)
Party Leadership	257	(2)
POLITICS AFTER JACKSON	259	(4)
The Panic of 1837	260	(2)
The Log Cabin Campaign	262	(1)
The Frustration of the Whigs	262	(2)
Whig Diplomacy	264
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	263	(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS	265	(4)
CHAPTER TEN AMERICA'S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION	269	(36)
FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT	269	(5)
The American Population, 1820-1840	270	(1)
Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860	271	(1)
The Rise of Nativism	272	(2)
TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTIONS	274	(6)
The Canal Age	275	(2)
The Early Railroads	277	(1)
The Triumph of the Rails	278	(1)
Innovations in Communications and Journalism	279	(1)
COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY	280	(4)
The Expansion of Business, 1820-1840	281	(1)
The Emergence of the Factory	281	(1)
The Expansion of Industry, 1840-1860	282	(2)
MEN AND WOMEN AT WORK	284	(4)
Recruiting a Native Work Force	284	(2)
The Immigrant Work Force	286	(1)
The Factory System and the Artisan Tradition	287	(1)
Fighting for Control	287	(1)
PATTERNS OF SOCIETY	288	(10)
The Rich and the Poor	288	(2)
Social Mobility	290	(1)
The Changing Family	290	(1)
The "Cult of Domesticity"	291	(3)
THE AGRICULTURAL NORTH	294	(1)
Northeastern Agriculture	294	(1)
The Old Northwest	294	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	295	(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS	297	(8)
CHAPTER ELEVEN COTTON, SLAVERY, AND THE OLD SOUTH	305	(24)
THE COTTON ECONOMY	305	(4)
The Rise of King Cotton	305	(3)
Southern Trade and Industry	308	(1)
Sources of Southern Difference	309	(1)
SOUTHERN SOCIETY	309	(6)
The Planter Class	310	(2)
The "Southern Lady"	312	(1)
The Plain Folk	313	(2)
THE "PECULIAR INSTITUTION"	315	(8)
Varieties of Slavery	315	(2)
Life Under Slavery	317	(1)
Slavery in the Cities	318	(1)
Free Blacks	319	(1)
The Slave Trade	319	(1)
Slave Resistance	320	(3)
THE CULTURE OF SLAVERY	323	(2)
Language and Music	324	(1)
African-American Religion	324	(1)
The Slave Family	325	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	325	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	326	(3)
CHAPTER TWELVE AN AGE OF REFORMS	329	(22)
THE ROMANTIC IMPULSE	329	(5)
Literature and the Quest for Liberation	330	(1)
Literature in the Antebellum South	331	(1)
The Transcendentalists	331	(1)
Visions of Utopia	332	(1)
Redefining Gender Roles	333	(1)
The Mormons	333	(1)
REMAKING SOCIETY	334	(8)
Revivalism, Morality, and Order	335	(1)
The Temperance Crusade	335	(2)
Trends in Health and Science	337	(1)
Education	337	(2)
Rehabilitation	339	(2)
The Rise of Feminism	341	(1)
THE CRUSADE AGAINST SLAVERY	342	(4)
Early Opposition to Slavery	342	(1)
Garrison and Abolitionism	342	(1)
Black Abolitionists	343	(1)
Anti-Abolitionism	344	(1)
Abolitionism Divided	344	(2)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	346	(2)
SUGGESTED READINGS	348	(3)
CHAPTER THIRTEEN THE IMPENDING CRISIS	351	(30)
LOOKING WESTWARD	351	(7)
Manifest Destiny	351	(1)
Texas	352	(2)
Oregon	354	(3)
The Westward Migration	357	(1)
EXPANSION AND WAR	358	(5)
The Democrats and Expansion	358	(1)
The Southwest and California	359	(1)
The Mexican War	360	(3)
THE SECTIONAL DEBATE	363	(5)
Slavery and the Territories	363	(1)
The California Gold Rush	364	(2)
Rising Sectional Tensions	366	(1)
The Compromise of 1850	366	(2)
THE CRISES OF THE 1850s	368	(10)
The Uneasy Truce	368	(1)
"Young America"	369	(1)
Slavery, Railroads, and the West	369	(1)
The Kansas-Nebraska Controversy	370	(1)
"Bleeding Kansas"	370	(1)
The Free-Soil Ideology	371	(1)
The Pro-Slavery Argument	372	(1)
Buchanan and Depression	373	(1)
The Dred Scott Decision	374	(1)
Deadlock over Kansas	375	(1)
The Emergence of Lincoln	375	(1)
John Brown's Raid	376	(1)
The Election of Lincoln	377	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	378	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	379	(2)
CHAPTER FOURTEEN THE CIVIL WAR	381	(32)
THE SECESSION CRISIS	381	(5)
The Withdrawal of the South	381	(1)
The Failure of Compromise	382	(1)
The Opposing Sides	383	(3)
THE MOBILIZATION OF THE NORTH	386	(6)
Economic Measures	386	(1)
Raising the Union Armies	387	(1)
Wartime Politics	388	(1)
The Politics of Emancipation	389	(1)
The War and Economic Development	390	(1)
Women, Nursing, and the War	390	(2)
THE MOBILIZATION OF THE SOUTH	392	(3)
The Confederate Government	392	(1)
Money and Manpower	392	(1)
States' Rights Versus Centralization	393	(1)
Economic and Social Effects of the War	394	(1)
STRATEGY AND DIPLOMACY	395	(3)
The Commanders	395	(1)
The Role of Sea Power	396	(1)
Europe and the Disunited States	396	(2)
The American West and the War	398	(1)
CAMPAIGNS AND BATTLES	398	(8)
The Opening Clashes, 1861	399	(1)
The Western Theater	400	(2)
The Virginia Front, 1862	402	(1)
1863: Year of Decision	403	(2)
The Last Stage, 1864-1865	405	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	406	(3)
SUGGESTED READINGS	409	(4)
CHAPTER FIFTEEN RECONSTRUCTION AND THE NEW SOUTH	413
THE PROBLEMS OF PEACEMAKING	413	(4)
The Aftermath of War and Emancipation	413	(2)
Issues of Reconstruction	415	(1)
Plans for Reconstruction	415	(1)
The Death of Lincoln	416	(1)
Johnson and "Restoration"	417	(1)
RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION	417	(4)
The Black Codes	417	(1)
The Fourteenth Amendment	418	(1)
The Congressional Plan	419	(1)
The Fifteenth Amendment	420	(1)
Impeaching the President, Assaulting the Courts	420	(1)
THE SOUTH IN RECONSTRUCTION	421	(5)
The Reconstruction Governments	421	(2)
Education	423	(1)
Landownership and Tenancy	423	(2)
Incomes and Credit	425	(1)
The African-American Family in Freedom	425	(1)
THE GRANT ADMINISTRATION	426	(3)
The Soldier President	426	(1)
The Liberal Republicans	427	(1)
The Grant Scandals	428	(1)
The Greenback Question	428	(1)
Republican Diplomacy	429	(1)
THE ABANDONMENT OF RECONSTRUCTION	429	(5)
The Southern States "Redeemed"	429	(1)
The Compromise of 1877	430	(1)
The Legacy of Reconstruction	431	(3)
THE NEW SOUTH	434	(10)
The "Redeemers"	434	(1)
Industrialization and the "New South"	435	(2)
Tenants and Sharecroppers	437	(3)
African Americans and the New South	440	(1)
The Birth of Jim Crow	441	(1)
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS	444	(1)
SUGGESTED READINGS	444
THE AMERICAN ENVIRONMENT	57	(15)
THE OTHER PILGRIMS	57
THE GRID	155
THE FLOW OF WATER	299
WHERE HISTORIANS DISAGREE	72
THE ORIGINS OF SLAVERY	72
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION	138
THE BACKGROUND OF THE CONSTITUTION	166
THE AGE OF JACKSON	258
THE CHARACTER OF PLANTATION SLAVERY	322
THE CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR	384
RECONSTRUCTION	432
THE ORIGINS OF SEGREGATION	438
APPENDICES	A-1
MAPS	A-2	(7)
The United States	A-2	(2)
Topographical Map of the United States	A-4	(2)
The World	A-6	(2)
United States Territorial Expansion, 1783-1898	A-8	(1)
DOCUMENTS AND TABLES	A-9
The Declaration of Independence	A-9	(3)
The Constitution of the United States of America	A-12	(12)
Presidential Elections	A-24	(4)
Vice Presidents and Cabinet Members	A-28	(11)
Population of the United States, 1790-1993	A-39	(1)
Employment, 1870-1992	A-39	(1)
Production, Trade, and Federal Spending/Debt, 1790-1992	A-40
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS	ILL-1
LIST OF MAPS	MC-1
LIST OF CHARTS	MC-1
INDEX	I-1