The American Spirit, Volume 2: Since 1865

by Bailey, Thomas; Kennedy, David M.

• ISBN13: 9780395871010
• ISBN10: 0395871018
• Edition: 9th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1997-09-25
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Presents the social and political history of the United States through contemporary source materials from the era of Reconstruction to the present day.

Table of Contents

Preface	xxi
The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865--1877	1	(36)
The Status of the South	1	(6)
Carl Schurz Reports Southern Defiance (1865)	1	(2)
General Ulysses S. Grant Is Optimistic (1865)	3	(1)
The Former Slaves Confront Freedom (1901)	4	(3)
Emancipation Violence in Texas (c. 1865)	7	(1)
The Debate on Reconstruction Policy	7	(8)
Southern Blacks Ask for Help (1865)	7	(1)
The White South Asks for Unconditional Reintegration into the Union (1866)	8	(2)
The Radical Republicans Take a Hard Line (1866)	10	(1)
President Andrew Johnson Tries to Restrain Congress (1867)	11	(3)
The Controversy over the Fifteenth Amendment (1866, 1870)	14	(1)
Impeaching the President	15	(3)
Johnson's Cleveland Speech (1866)	15	(2)
Senator Lyman Trumbull Defends Johnson (1868)	17	(1)
``Black Reconstruction''	18	(6)
Thaddeus Stevens Demands Black Suffrage (1867)	18	(1)
Black and White Legislatures (c. 1876)	19	(2)
W. E. B. Du Bois Justifies Black Legislators (1910)	21	(1)
Benjamin Tillman's Antiblack Tirade (1907)	22	(2)
The Ku Klux Klan's Reign of Terror	24	(8)
Alfred Richardson Testifies about Reconstruction-Era Georgia (1871)	24	(3)
Maria Carter Describes an Encounter with the Klan (1871)	27	(3)
Henry Lowther Falls Victim to the Klan (1871)	30	(2)
The Legacy of Reconstruction	32	(5)
Editor E. L. Godkin Grieves (1871)	32	(1)
Frederick Douglass Complains (1882)	33	(2)
Booker T. Washington Reflects (1901)	35	(2)
Politics in the Gilded Age, 1869--1889	37	(27)
The Liberal Republican Revolt	38	(4)
Carl Schurz Exposes the Spoilsmen (1871)	38	(1)
Horace Greeley Praises Greeley (1872)	39	(1)
The Democrats Arraign Ulysses S. Grant (1876)	39	(2)
Grant's Farewell Apology (1876)	41	(1)
The South After Reconstruction	42	(4)
Rutherford B. Hayes Believes Himself Defrauded (1876)	42	(1)
Zachariah Chandler Assails the Solid South (1897)	43	(1)
Reconstruction and Redemption (1882)	44	(2)
Race Divides the South	46	(9)
A Southern Senator Defends Jim Crow (1900)	46	(1)
A Spokesman for the ``New South'' Describes Race Relations in the 1880s (1889)	47	(3)
An African-American Minister Answers Henry Grady (1890)	50	(2)
Booker T. Washington Portrays the Plight of Black Tenant Farmers (1889)	52	(1)
A Southern Black Woman Reflects on the Jim Crow System (1902)	53	(2)
The Beginnings of Civil Service Reform	55	(4)
Oliver Morton Praises the Spoils System (1871)	55	(1)
Harper's Weekly Hails a New Era (1883)	56	(1)
Schurz Applauds Partial Gains (1893)	57	(2)
Cleveland Takes Command	59	(5)
Cleveland Pleads for Tariff Reduction (1885)	59	(1)
Philadelphians Criticize Cleveland (1887)	60	(1)
The New York Times Acclaims Courage (1887)	61	(1)
A Cartoonist Criticizes the Tariff (1884)	62	(2)
Industry Comes of Age, 1865--1900	64	(30)
The Problem of the Railroads	64	(4)
A Defense of Long-Haul Rates (1885)	64	(1)
Railroad President Sidney Dillon Supports Stock Watering (1892)	65	(2)
General James B. Weaver Deplores Stock Watering (1892)	67	(1)
The Trust and Monopoly	68	(3)
John D. Rockefeller Justifies Rebates (1909)	68	(1)
An Oil Man Goes Bankrupt (1899)	69	(1)
Weaver Attacks the Trust (1892)	70	(1)
The New Philosophy of Materialism	71	(4)
Andrew Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth (1889)	71	(2)
The Nation Challenges Carnegie (1901)	73	(1)
Russell Conwell Deifies the Dollar (c. 1900)	74	(1)
The Rise of the New South	75	(5)
Henry Grady Issues a Challenge (1889)	75	(1)
A Yankee Visits the New South (1887)	76	(2)
Life in a Southern Mill (1910)	78	(2)
Labor in Industrial America	80	(14)
In Praise of Mechanization (1897)	80	(3)
A Tailor Testifies (1883)	83	(2)
The Life of a Sweatshop Girl (1902)	85	(4)
The Knights of Labor Champion Reform (1887)	89	(2)
Samuel Gompers Condemns the Knights (c. 1886)	91	(1)
Capital Versus Labor (1871)	92	(2)
America Moves to the City, 1865--1900	94	(32)
The Lures and Liabilities of City Life	94	(7)
Frederick Law Olmstead Applauds the City's Attractions (1871)	94	(2)
Sister Carrie Is Bedazzled by Chicago (1900)	96	(2)
Cleaning Up New York (1897)	98	(1)
Jacob Riis Goes Slumming (1890)	99	(2)
The New Immigration	101	(9)
Mary Antin Praises America (1893)	101	(1)
The APA Hates Catholics (1893)	102	(1)
Henry Cabot Lodge Urges a Literacy Test (1896)	103	(1)
President Cleveland Vetoes a Literacy Test (1897)	104	(1)
Four Views of the Statue of Liberty (1881, 1885, 1886)	105	(5)
The Church on the Defensive	110	(2)
The Shock of Darwinism (1896)	110	(1)
Henry Ward Beecher Accepts Evolution (1886)	111	(1)
The Anti-Saloon Crusade	112	(3)
Frances Willard Prays in a Saloon (1874)	112	(2)
Samuel Gompers Defends the Saloon (c. 1896)	114	(1)
The Changing Role of Women	115	(11)
Victoria Woodhull Advocates Free Love (1871)	115	(2)
The Life of a Working Girl (1905)	117	(3)
An Italian Immigrant Woman Faces Life Alone in the Big City (c. 1896)	120	(2)
Jane Addams Demands the Vote for Women (1910)	122	(4)
The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865--1890	126	(30)
The Plight of the Indian	126	(11)
Harper's Weekly Decries the Battle of the Little Big Horn (1876)	126	(2)
She Walks with Her Shawl Remembers the Little Big Horn (1876)	128	(2)
Chief Joseph's Lament (1879)	130	(2)
Theodore Roosevelt Downgrades the Indians (1885)	132	(1)
Carl Schurz Proposes to ``Civilize'' the Indians (1881)	133	(2)
A Native American Tries to Walk the White Man's Road (1890s)	135	(2)
The Crusade for Free Homesteads	137	(4)
``Vote Yourself a Farm'' (1846)	137	(1)
A Texan Scorns Futile Charity (1852)	138	(1)
President James Buchanan Kills a Homestead Bill (1860)	139	(2)
Life on the Frontier	141	(8)
Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way (1868)	141	(1)
A Pioneer Woman Describes the Overland Trail (1862)	142	(2)
Opening Montana (1867)	144	(2)
Sodbusters in Kansas (1877)	146	(2)
John Wesley Powell Reports on ``The Arid Region'' (1879)	148	(1)
The Farmer's Protest Movement	149	(7)
An Iowan Assesses Discontent (1893)	149	(1)
Mrs. Mary Lease Raises More Hell (c. 1890)	150	(1)
William Allen White Attacks the Populists (1896)	151	(5)
The Revolt of the Debtor, 1889--1900	156	(22)
The Tariff Issue	156	(3)
Congressman McKinley Pleads for Protection (1890)	156	(1)
Roger Mills Challenges McKinley (1890)	157	(2)
The Pullman Strike	159	(3)
A Populist Condemns George Pullman (1894)	159	(1)
Pullman Defends His Company (1894)	160	(1)
Starvation at Pullman (1894)	161	(1)
The Free-Silver Mirage	162	(3)
Coin's Financial School (1894)	162	(1)
William Jennings Bryan's Cross of Gold (1896)	163	(2)
The Populist Crusade in the South	165	(6)
Tom Watson Supports a Black-White Political Alliance (1892)	165	(3)
A Black-Alliance Man Urges Interracial Cooperation (1891)	168	(1)
The Wilmington Massacre (1898)	169	(2)
The Spread of Segregation	171	(3)
The Supreme Court Declares That Separate Is Equal (1896)	171	(2)
A Justice of the Peace Denies Justice (1939)	173	(1)
The Triumph of McKinley	174	(4)
The ``Anarchists'' Lose Out (1896)	174	(1)
Bryan's Afterthoughts (1896)	175	(1)
The London Standard Rejoices (1896)	176	(2)
The Path of Empire, 1890--1899	178	(12)
Yellow Journalism in Flower	178	(2)
Joseph Pulitzer Demands Intervention (1897)	178	(1)
William Randolph Hearst Stages a Rescue (1897)	179	(1)
The Declaration of War	180	(3)
President McKinley Submits a War Message (1898)	180	(2)
Professor Charles Eliot Norton's Patriotic Protest (1898)	182	(1)
The Sordid Little War	183	(2)
Rough Times for Rough Riders (1898)	183	(1)
Disillusionment over the Cubans (1898)	184	(1)
The Siren Song of Imperialism	185	(5)
McKinley Prays for Guidance (1898)	185	(1)
Professor William Sumner Spurns Empire (1898)	186	(2)
Albert Beveridge Trumpets Imperialism (1898)	188	(2)
America on the World Stage, 1899--1909	190	(14)
The Bitter Fruits of Imperialism	190	(5)
Albert Beveridge Deplores Unpatriotic Talk (1900)	190	(1)
William Jennings Bryan Vents His Bitterness (1901)	191	(1)
The Nation Denounces Atrocities (1902)	192	(1)
A San Francisco Weekly Defends the Army (1902)	193	(2)
The Panama Revolution	195	(3)
John Hay Twists Colombia's Arm (1903)	195	(1)
Theodore Roosevelt Hopes for Revolt (1903)	196	(1)
Official Connivance in Washington (1903)	196	(2)
The Monroe Doctrine in the Caribbean	198	(3)
Roosevelt Launches a Corollary (1904)	198	(1)
A Latin American Protests (1943)	199	(2)
Roosevelt and Japan	201	(3)
President Roosevelt Anticipates Trouble (1905)	201	(1)
Japan Resents Discrimination (1906)	202	(1)
The Gentleman's Agreement (1908)	202	(2)
Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901--1912	204	(28)
The Heyday of Muckraking	204	(3)
Exposing the Meat Packers (1906)	204	(2)
Theodore Roosevelt Roasts Muckrakers (1906)	206	(1)
Corruption in the Cities	207	(4)
Lincoln Steffens Bares Philadelphia Bossism (1904)	207	(3)
George Washington Plunkitt Defends ``Honest Graft'' (1905)	210	(1)
The Plight of Labor	211	(6)
From the Depths (1906)	211	(2)
George Baer's Divine Right of Plutocrats (1902)	213	(1)
Child Labor in the Coal Mines (1906)	213	(2)
Sweatshop Hours for Bakers (1905)	215	(1)
Unhealthful Work for Women (1912)	216	(1)
The Conservation Crusade	217	(7)
Roosevelt Saves the Forests (1907)	217	(2)
The West Protests Conservation (1907)	219	(1)
Gifford Pinchot Advocates Damming the Hetch Hetchy Valley (1913)	220	(1)
John Muir Damns the Hetch Hetchy Dam (1912)	221	(2)
``Beauty as Against Use'' (1920s)	223	(1)
The Crusade for Women's Suffrage	224	(8)
Senator Robert Owen Supports Women (1910)	224	(1)
A Woman Assails Women's Suffrage (1910)	225	(3)
Images of the Suffrage Campaign (1900-1915)	228	(4)
Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and Abroad, 1912--1916	232	(17)
The Election of 1912	232	(4)
Theodore Roosevelt Proposes Government Regulation (1912)	232	(2)
Woodrow Wilson Asks for ``a Free Field and No Favor'' (1912)	234	(2)
Campaigning for Monetary Reform	236	(4)
Louis Brandeis Indicts Interlocking Directorates (1914)	236	(1)
J. P. Morgan Denies a Money Trust (1913)	237	(1)
William McAdoo Exposes the Bankers (c. 1913)	238	(2)
Moral Meddling in Mexico	240	(4)
Wilson Asks for War on General Huerta (1914)	240	(2)
A Republican Assails ``Watchful Waiting'' (1916)	242	(2)
Acquiescing in the British Blockade	244	(5)
Lord Bryce's Propaganda Report (1915)	244	(1)
Walter Page Plays Britain's Game (c. 1915)	245	(1)
Robert Lansing's Pro-Ally Tactics (c. 1916)	246	(3)
The War to End War, 1917--1918	249	(26)
War with Germany	249	(3)
President Wilson Breaks Diplomatic Relations (1917)	249	(2)
Representative Claude Kitchin Assails the War Resolution (1917)	251	(1)
The War for the American Mind	252	(5)
Un-Christlike Preachers (1918)	252	(1)
Abusing the Pro-Germans (1918)	253	(1)
Robert La Follette Demands His Rights (1917)	254	(2)
Zechariah Chafee Upholds Free Speech (1919)	256	(1)
The Propaganda Front	257	(6)
George Creel Spreads Fear Propaganda (c. 1918)	257	(1)
Woodrow Wilson Versus Theodore Roosevelt on the Fourteen Points (1918)	258	(5)
The Face of War	263	(5)
General John Pershing Defines American Fighting Tactics (1917-1918)	263	(3)
A ``Doughboy'' Describes the Fighting Front (1918)	266	(2)
The Struggle over the Peace Treaty	268	(7)
The Text of Article X (1919)	268	(1)
Wilson Testifies for Article X (1919)	269	(1)
The Lodge-Hitchcock Reservations (1919)	270	(1)
The Aborted Lodge Compromise (1919)	271	(1)
Wilson Defeats Henry Cabot Lodge's Reservations (1919)	272	(1)
Lodge Blames Wilson (1919)	273	(2)
American Life in the ``Roaring Twenties,'' 1919--1929	275	(19)
The Revival of Antiforeignism	275	(4)
William A. White Condemns Deportations (1922)	275	(1)
Bartolomeo Vanzetti Condemns Judge Thayer (1927)	276	(2)
Walter Lippmann Pleads for Sacco and Vanzetti (1927)	278	(1)
The Reconstituted Ku Klux Klan	279	(2)
Tar-Bucket Terror in Texas (1921)	279	(1)
A Methodist Editor Clears the Klan (1923)	280	(1)
The Wets Versus the Drys	281	(4)
A German Observes Bootlegging (1928)	281	(1)
Fiorello La Guardia Pillories Prohibition (1926)	282	(2)
The WCTU Upholds Prohibition (1926)	284	(1)
New Goals for Women	285	(9)
Margaret Sanger Campaigns for Birth Control (1920)	285	(2)
The Lynds Discover Changes in the Middle-American Home (1929)	287	(3)
The Supreme Court Declares That Women Are Different from Men (1908)	290	(2)
The Supreme Court Declares That Men and Women Are Equal (1923)	292	(2)
The Politics of Boom and Bust, 1920--1932	294	(16)
Warren Harding and the Washington Conference	294	(3)
President Harding Hates His Job (c. 1922)	294	(1)
William Randolph Hearst Blasts Disarmament at Washington (1922)	295	(1)
Japan Resents the Washington Setback (1922)	296	(1)
The Depression Descends	297	(4)
The Plague of Plenty (1932)	297	(2)
Distress in the South (1932)	299	(1)
Rumbles of Revolution (1932)	300	(1)
Herbert Hoover Clashes with Franklin Roosevelt	301	(6)
On Public Versus Private Power (1932)	301	(2)
On Government in Business (1932)	303	(1)
On Balancing the Budget (1932)	304	(2)
On Restricted Opportunity (1932)	306	(1)
An Appraisal of Hoover	307	(3)
Hoover Defends His Record (1932)	307	(1)
Roosevelt Indicts Hoover (1932)	308	(2)
The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1933--1938	310	(26)
The Face of the Great Depression	310	(6)
Cesar Chavez Gets Tractored off the Land (1936)	310	(1)
A Salesman Goes on Relief (1930s)	311	(3)
A Boy in Chicago Writes to President Roosevelt (1936)	314	(1)
Hard Times in a North Carolina Cotton Mill (1938-1939)	314	(2)
An Enigma in the White House	316	(3)
The Agreeable FDR (1949)	316	(1)
Coffee for the Veterans (1933)	317	(1)
FDR the Administrative ``Artist'' (1948)	317	(2)
Voices of Protest	319	(7)
Senator Huey P. Long Wants Every Man to Be a King (1934)	319	(2)
Father Coughlin Demands ``Social Justice'' (1934, 1935)	321	(3)
Norman Thomas Proposes Socialism (1934)	324	(1)
Dr. Francis E. Townsend Promotes Old-Age Pensions (1933)	325	(1)
The Struggle to Organize Labor	326	(3)
Tom Girdler Girds for Battle (1937)	326	(2)
John Lewis Lambasts Girdler (1937)	328	(1)
The Supreme Court Fight and After	329	(7)
Harold Ickes Defends His Chief (1937)	329	(1)
Dorothy Thompson Dissents (1937)	330	(2)
Republicans Roast Roosevelt (1940)	332	(1)
Assessing the New Deal (1935, 1936)	333	(3)
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shadow of War, 1933--1941	336	(24)
The Struggle Against Isolationism	336	(8)
Two Views of Isolationism (1936, 1938)	336	(2)
Roosevelt Pleads for Repeal of the Arms Embargo (1939)	338	(1)
Senator Arthur Vandenberg Fights Repeal (1939)	339	(2)
Charles Lindbergh Argues for Isolation (1941)	341	(1)
The New York Times Rejects Insulationism (1941)	342	(2)
The Lend-Lease Controversy	344	(3)
FDR Drops the Dollar Sign (1940)	344	(1)
Senator Burton Wheeler Assails Lend-Lease (1941)	345	(1)
William Randolph Hearst Denounces Aid to the Soviet Union (1941)	346	(1)
War in the Atlantic	347	(4)
Framing the Atlantic Charter (1941)	347	(1)
The Chicago Tribune Is Outraged (1941)	348	(1)
FDR Proclaims Shoot-at-Sight (1941)	349	(2)
Blowup in the Pacific	351	(4)
Harold Ickes Prepares to ``Raise Hell'' (1941)	351	(1)
Togo Blames the United States (1952)	352	(2)
Cordell Hull Justifies His Stand (1948)	354	(1)
The Blame for Pearl Harbor	355	(5)
War Warnings from Washington (1941)	355	(1)
Admiral H. E. Kimmel Defends Himself (1946)	356	(1)
Secretary Henry Stimson Charges Negligence (1946)	357	(1)
Franklin Roosevelt Awaits the Blow (1941)	358	(2)
America in World War II, 1941--1945	360	(22)
War and American Society	360	(10)
The War Transforms the Economy (1943)	360	(3)
A Japanese-American Is Convicted (1943)	363	(3)
A Black American Ponders the War's Meaning (1942)	366	(2)
A Woman Remembers the War (1984)	368	(2)
Soviet-American Friction	370	(4)
Communists Distrust Capitalists (1946)	370	(2)
Joseph Stalin Resents Second-Front Delays (1943)	372	(1)
Roosevelt Manges ``Uncle Joe'' (1943)	373	(1)
The ``Unconditional Surrender'' Controversy	374	(3)
Robert Sherwood Defends FDR (1948)	374	(2)
Cordell Hull Opposes Unconditional Surrender (1948)	376	(1)
Dropping the Atomic Bomb	377	(5)
Japan's Horrified Reaction (1945)	377	(1)
The Christian Century Deplores the Bombing (1945)	378	(2)
Harry Truman Justifies the Bombing (1945)	380	(2)
The Cold War Begins, 1945--1952	382	(41)
The New Shape of Postwar Society	383	(6)
Dr. Benjamin Spock Advises the Parents of the Baby-Boom Generation (1957)	383	(2)
A Working Mother Lauds the New ``Two-Income Family'' (1951)	385	(2)
The Move to Suburbia (1954)	387	(2)
The Yalta Agreements	389	(6)
Franklin Roosevelt ``Betrays'' China and Japan (1945)	389	(2)
The Freeman's Bill of Indictment (1947)	391	(2)
Secretary Edward Stettinius Defends Yalta (1949)	393	(2)
The Truman Doctrine	395	(9)
George Kennan Proposes Containment (1946)	395	(3)
Harry Truman Appeals to Congress (1947)	398	(1)
The Chicago Tribune Dissents (1947)	399	(2)
The World Through Soviet Eyes (1946)	401	(3)
The Marshall Plan	404	(4)
Secretary George Marshall Speaks at Harvard (1947)	404	(1)
Senator Arthur Vandenberg Is Favorable (1947, 1948)	405	(1)
Moscow's Misrepresentations (c. 1947)	406	(2)
The China Tangle	408	(3)
Secretary Dean Acheson Drops Jiang Jieshi (1949)	408	(1)
Senator Joseph McCarthy Blasts ``Traitors (1952)	409	(2)
The Korean Crisis and NSC-68	411	(7)
Senator Tom Connally Writes Off Korea (1950)	411	(1)
Truman Accepts the Korean Challenge (1950)	412	(1)
NSC-68 Offers a Blueprint for the Cold War (1950)	413	(3)
Secretary Acheson Defends NSC-68 (1969)	416	(2)
The Sacking of General Douglas MacArthur	418	(5)
Truman Asserts Civil Supremacy (1951)	418	(2)
MacArthur Calls for Victory (1951)	420	(1)
Truman Looks Beyond Victory (1951)	421	(2)
The Eisenhower Era, 1952--1960	423	(30)
A New Look in Foreign Policy	423	(4)
Secretary John Foster Dulles Warns of Massive Retaliation (1954)	423	(3)
President Eisenhower Calls for ``Open Skies'' (1955)	426	(1)
The McCarthy Hysteria	427	(5)
Joseph McCarthy Upholds Guilt by Association (1952)	427	(2)
A Senator Speaks Up (1950)	429	(1)
McCarthy Inspires Fear at Harvard (1959)	430	(2)
The Supreme Court and the Black Revolution	432	(9)
The Court Rejects Segregation (1954)	432	(1)
One Hundred Representatives Dissent (1956)	433	(1)
Eisenhower Sends Federal Troops (1957)	434	(2)
The Arkansas Democrat Protests (1958)	436	(1)
A Black Newspaper Praises Courage (1958)	437	(1)
Martin Luther King, Jr., Asks for the Ballot (1957)	438	(3)
The Promise and Problems of a Consumer Society	441	(8)
The Editors of Fortune Celebrate American Affluence (1955)	441	(4)
John Kenneth Galbraith Criticizes the Affluent Society (1958)	445	(2)
Newton Minow Criticizes the ``Vast Wasteland'' of Television (1961)	447	(2)
Eisenhower Says Farewell (1961)	449	(4)
The Stormy Sixties, 1960--1968	453	(47)
The Cuban Missile Crisis	453	(5)
President Kennedy Proclaims a ``Quarantine'' (1962)	453	(2)
Premier Khrushchev Proposes a Swap (1962)	455	(1)
Kennedy Advances a Solution (1962)	456	(1)
The Soviets Save Face (1962)	456	(2)
President Johnson's Great Society	458	(5)
Michael Harrington Discovers Another America (1962)	458	(2)
President Johnson Declares War on Poverty (1964)	460	(2)
War on the Antipoverty War (1964)	462	(1)
The Black Revolution Erupts	463	(17)
Students Sit In For Equality (1960)	463	(4)
Riders for Freedom (1961)	467	(4)
Martin Luther King, Jr., Writes from a Birmingham Jail (1963)	471	(3)
President Johnson Supports Civil Rights (1965)	474	(4)
A Conservative Denounces Black Rioters (1965)	478	(2)
Vietnam Troubles	480	(11)
The Joint Chiefs of Staff Propose a Wider War (1964)	480	(2)
President Johnson Asserts His War Aims (1965)	482	(1)
The British Prime Minister Criticizes U.S. Bombing (1965)	483	(1)
Defense Secretary Robert McNamara Foresees a Stalemate (1965)	484	(1)
Secretary McNamara Opposes Further Escalation (1966)	485	(3)
The Soldiers' War (1966)	488	(2)
The Dilemma of Vietnam (1966)	490	(1)
The Politics of Protest in the 1960s	491	(9)
Students for a Democratic Society Issues a Manifesto (1962)	491	(2)
The Young Americans for Freedom Make a Statement (1960)	493	(1)
A War Protester Decides to Resist the Draft (1966)	494	(2)
Stewart Alsop Senses the End of an Era (1970)	496	(4)
The Stalemated Seventies, 1968--1980	500	(31)
Richard Nixon's Cambodian Coup	500	(8)
The President Defends His Incursion (1970)	500	(2)
The St. Louis Post-Dispatch Dissents (1970)	502	(2)
Henry Kissinger Dissects the Dissenters (1979)	504	(4)
Winding Down the Vietnam War	508	(6)
Nixon's Grand Plan in Foreign Policy (1968--1969)	508	(2)
Nixon's Address to the Nation (1973)	510	(2)
Canadians See Neither Peace nor Honor (1973)	512	(1)
The Expulsion from Vietnam (1975)	513	(1)
The Supreme Court ``Coddles'' Criminals	514	(6)
The Outlawing of Third-Degree Confessions (1966)	514	(2)
The Minority Supports the Police (1966)	516	(1)
A Green Light for Criminals (1966)	517	(2)
President Nixon Outlines His Judicial Philosophy (1971)	519	(1)
The Move to Impeach Nixon	520	(11)
The First Article of Impeachment (1974)	520	(2)
Impeachment as a Partisan Issue (1974)	522	(1)
Nixon Incriminates Himself (1972)	523	(4)
A Critical Canadian Viewpoint (1974)	527	(2)
Nixon Accepts a Presidential Pardon (1974)	529	(2)
The Resurgence of Conservatism, 1980--1996	531	(46)
The Reagan ``Revolution'' in Economic Policy	532	(7)
The Supply-Side Gospel (1984)	532	(2)
President Reagan Asks for a Tax Cut (1981)	534	(3)
The New York Times Attacks Reagan's Policies (1981)	537	(2)
Reagan's Foreign Policies	539	(17)
Reagan Sees Red in Nicaragua (1986)	539	(5)
A Journalist Urges Caution in Nicaragua (1986)	544	(3)
An Editor Analyzes the Iran-Contra Affair (1987)	547	(3)
Four Views on the End of the Cold War (1994)	550	(6)
Social Issues Enter Politics	556	(6)
Newt Gingrich and Lowell Weicker Debate School Prayer (1984)	556	(2)
The Agonizing Debate over Abortion (1984)	558	(4)
A Philosophy for Neoconservatism	562	(4)
Editor Irving Kristol Defines Neoconservatism (1983)	562	(2)
Journalist Peter Steinfels Criticizes the Neoconservatives (1979)	564	(2)
Assessing the Reagan Presidency	566	(11)
Author Frances FitzGerald Laments the Reagan Legacy (1988)	566	(5)
Columnist Robert Samuelson Praises the Reagan Record (1989)	571	(4)
The Reagan Revolution in Historical Context (1982)	575	(2)
The American People Face a New Century	577
An Unequal Society?	577	(6)
Lester Thurow Decries Growing Inequality (1995)	577	(3)
Michael Walzer Sees Danger for Democracy (1996)	580	(3)
American Women: New Roles, New Problems	583	(7)
Nannerl Keohane Analyzes the ``Glass Ceiling'' (1991)	583	(2)
Women Assault The Citadel (1995)	585	(2)
The ``Gender Gap'' in Politics (1996)	587	(3)
The Continuing Debate on Abortion	590	(5)
The Furor over ``Partial-Birth Abortions'' (1996)	590	(2)
A Christian Conservative Urges Moderation (1996)	592	(3)
Social Security and the Looming War Between the Generations	595	(6)
Mortimer B. Zuckerman Foresees a Catastrophe (1996)	595	(2)
The National Review Urges Privatizaiton of Social Security (1996)	597	(1)
A Younger Generation Looks to the Future (1996)	598	(3)
Can the United States Still Afford to Be a Nation of Immigrants?	601	(10)
The Puzzling Economics of Immigration (1996)	601	(4)
Immigration and Poverty (1996)	605	(2)
Clamping Down on Immigrants in California (1994)	607	(2)
Immigrants and the Law (1995)	609	(2)
The Dilemmas of Difference in a Democratic Society	611
The Controversy over Bilingual Education (1995)	611	(3)
Affirmative Action on the Rocks (1996)	614	(2)
Californians Trash Affirmative Action (1996)	616
Constitution of the United States	A1	(1)
Index	A21