The Animal Ethics Reader

by Armstrong, Susan J.; Botzler, Richard G.

• ISBN13: 9780415275897
• ISBN10: 041527589X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-09-29
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

The Animal Ethics Readeris the first comprehensive, state-of-the-art anthology of readings on this substantial area of study and interest. A subject that regularly captures the headlines, the book is designed to appeal to anyone interested in tracing the history of the subject, as well as providing a powerful insight into the debate as it has developed. The recent wealth of material published in this area has not, until now, been collected in one volume. Readings are arranged thematically, carefully presenting a balanced representation of the subject as it stands. It will be essential reading for students taking a course in the subject as well as being of considerable interest to the general reader. Articles are arranged under the following headings: Theories of Animal Ethics; Animal Capacities; Animals for Food; Animal Experimentation; Genetic Engineering of Animals; Ethics and Wildlife; Zoos, Aquaria, and Animals in Entertainment; Companion Animals; Legal Rights for Animals. Readings from leading experts in the field including Peter Singer, Mary Midgley and Bernard Rollin are featured as well as selections from Donald Griffin, Mark Bekoff, Jane Goodall, Raymond Frey, Barbara Orlans, Tom Regan, and Baird Callicott. There is an emphasis on balancing classic and contemporary readings with a view to presenting debates as they stand at this point in time. Each chapter is introduced by the editors and study questions feature at the end. The foreword has been written by Bernard Rollin.

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi
Bernard E. Rollin
Acknowledgments	xiv
General Introduction: Animal Ethics: A Sketch of How it Developed and Where it is Now	1	(14)
I Theories of Animal Ethics
Introduction	15	(2)
The Case for Animal Rights	17	(8)
Tom Regan
``Reply to Tom Regan''	25	(5)
Carl Cohen
``For an Expanded Theory of Human Rights''	30	(3)
Paola Cavalieri
Practical Ethics	33	(12)
Peter Singer
``Animal Rights and Feminist Theory''	45	(5)
Josephine Donovan
``Rights, Interests, Desires and Beliefs''	50	(4)
R.G. Frey
``Equal Consideration and Unequal Moral Status''	54	(13)
David DeGrazia
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
II Animal Capacities: Pain, Emotion, Consciousness
Introduction	65	(2)
Methods of Study	67	(12)
``Scientific Ideology, Anthropomorphism, Anecdote, and Ethics''	67	(8)
Bernard E. Rollin
``Reflections''	75	(4)
Barbara Smuts
Pain	79	(15)
``The Myth of Animal Suffering''	79	(7)
Bob Bermond
``Animal Pain''	86	(6)
Bernard E. Rollin
``How Facts Matter''	92	(2)
Gary Varner
Animal Emotions	94	(12)
``Animal Minds and Animal Emotions''	94	(6)
Marian Stamp Dawkins
``A Passionate Devotion''	100	(2)
Cynthia Moss
``The Rat Will Play''	102	(2)
Jaak Panksepp
``Love Was Once a Little Boy''	104	(2)
D.H. Lawrence
Consciousness and Cognition	106	(13)
Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness	106	(13)
Donald R. Griffin
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
III Primates and Cetaceans
Introduction	117	(2)
Primates	119	(33)
``Deep Ethology, Animal Rights, and The Great Ape/Animal Project: Resisting Speciesism and Expanding the Community of Equals''	119	(6)
Marc Bekoff
``Ape Consciousness---Human Consciousness: A Perspective Informed by Language and Culture''	125	(9)
Sue Savage-Rumbaugh
William M. Fields
Jared Taglialatela
``Cultures in Chimpanzees''	134	(4)
A. Whiten
J. Goodall
W.C. McGrew
T. Nishida
V. Reynolds
Y. Sugiyama
C.E.G. Tutin
R.W. Wrangham
C. Boesch
``Are Apes Persons? The Case for Primate Intersubjectivity''	138	(6)
Juan Carlos Gomez
``The Chimpanzee at Stanford''	144	(1)
Fran Peavey
``Problems Faced by Wild and Captive Chimpanzees: Finding Solutions''	145	(7)
Jane Goodall
Cetaceans	152	(25)
``Culture in Whales and Dolphins''	152	(9)
Luke Rendell
Hal Whitehead
``Exploring the Cognitive World of the Bottlenosed Dolphin''	161	(5)
Louis M. Herman
``Is a Dolphin a Person?''	166	(11)
Mary Midgley
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
IV Animals for Food
Introduction	175	(2)
Animals for Food	177	(45)
``Meat-Eating''	177	(7)
David DeGrazia
``Thinking like Animals''	184	(3)
Temple Grandin
``A Major Change''	187	(4)
Temple Grandin
Animal Agriculture Alliance, ``Animal Agriculture: Myths and Facts''	191	(8)
``Lives of Quiet Desperation''	199	(2)
Francoise Wemelsfelder
``Five Arguments for Vegetarianism''	201	(8)
William O. Stephens
``The Rape of Animals, the Butchering of Women''	209	(7)
Carol J. Adams
``A Feminist Critique of Ethical Vegetarianism''	216	(6)
Kathryn Paxton George
Religious Perspectives	222	(25)
``Judaism''	222	(2)
Norman Solomon
``Enhancing the Divine Image''	224	(3)
Rabbi Stephen Fuchs
``The Bible and Killing for Food''	227	(8)
Andrew Linzey
``Islam''	235	(3)
Martin Forward
Mohamed Alam
``India's Sacred Cow: Her Plight and Future''	238	(9)
Michael W. Fox
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
V Animal Experimentation
Introduction	245	(2)
Laboratory Studies	247	(25)
The Case for Animal Rights	247	(5)
Tom Regan
``The Ethics of Animal Research: What are the Prospects for Agreement?''	252	(10)
David DeGrazia
``Defending Animal Research: An International Perspective''	262	(10)
Baruch A. Brody
Field Studies	272	(13)
``The Ethics of Ecological Field Experimentation''	272	(9)
Elizabeth J. Farnsworth
Judy Rosovsky
``Ethics and Experimentation: Hard Choices for the Field Ornithologist''	281	(4)
Stephen T. Emlen
Regulating Animal Experimentation	285	(8)
``Ethical Themes of National Regulations Governing Animal Experiments: An International Perspective''	285	(8)
F. Barbara Orlans
Animals in Education	293	(20)
``Summary of Recommendations''	293	(3)
Jonathan Balcombe
``Humane Education: The Role of Animal-based Learning''	296	(17)
Andrew J. Petto
Karla D. Russell
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
VI Animals and Biotechnology
Introduction	311	(2)
Ethics of Genetic Engineering	313	(29)
``Genetic Engineering and Animal Welfare''	313	(10)
Donald Bruce
Ann Bruce
``Animal Genetic Manipulation: A Utilitarian Response''	323	(9)
Kevin R. Smith
``The Inevitability of Animal Biotechnology? Ethics and the Scientific Attitude''	332	(10)
Jeffrey Burkhardt
Telos	342	(17)
``On Telos and Genetic Engineering''	342	(9)
Bernard E. Rollin
``Brave New Birds: The Use of `Animal Integrity' in Animal Ethics''	351	(8)
Bernice Bovenkerk
Frans W.A. Brom
Babs J. van den Bergh
Xenotransplantation	359	(13)
``Organs for Transplant: Animals, Moral Standing, and One View of the Ethics of Xenotransplantation''	359	(9)
R.G. Frey
``Xenografts and Animal Rights''	368	(4)
Gary L. Francione
Cloning of Endangered Species	372	(11)
``Cloning Advances and Challenges for Conservation''	372	(11)
Oliver A. Ryder
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
VII Ethics and Wildlife
Introduction	381	(2)
General Theories	383	(5)
``The Philosophical Value of Wildlife''	383	(5)
J. Baird Callicott
Hunting	388	(22)
``Red Legs Kicking''	388	(2)
Aldo Leopold
``The Killing Game: An Ecofeminist Critique of Hunting''	390	(10)
Marti Kheel
``Environmental Ethics and Trophy Hunting''	400	(10)
Alastair S. Gunn
Protectionism	410	(12)
``Can Animal Rights Activists be Environmentalists?''	410	(12)
Gary E. Varner
Rehabilitation and Introduction of Captive Wildlife	422	(7)
``Thinking like an Ecosystem: The Ethics of the Relocation, Rehabilitation and Release of Wildlife''	422	(4)
Glenn Albrecht
``Wildlife Rehabilitation: Is it Significant?''	426	(3)
Gary E. Duke
Exotic Species	429	(18)
``Exotic Species, Naturalisation, and Biological Nativism''	429	(18)
Ned Hettinger
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
VIII Zoos, Aquariums, and Animals in Entertainment
Introduction	445	(2)
Zoos and Aquariums	447	(37)
``Orcas and Dolphins in Captivity''	447	(5)
Randall L. Eaton
``Are Zoos Morally Defensible?''	452	(7)
Tom Regan
``Ethical Considerations in Zoo and Aquarium Research''	459	(12)
Michael Hutchins
Betsy Dresser
Chris Wemmer
``Zoos and the Rights of Animals''	471	(10)
Donald G. Lindburg
``Opportunities Lost: Zoos and the Marsupial that Tried to be a Wolf''	481	(3)
Chris Wemmer
Rodeos and Other Entertainment	484	(100)
``Animals in Entertainment: Racing, Riding, and Fighting''	484	(6)
Rod Preece
Lorna Chamberlain
``Rodeo and Recollection: Applied Ethics and Western Philosophy''	490	(11)
Bernard E. Rollin
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
IX Animal Companions
Introduction	499	(2)
``Affection's Claim''	501	(3)
Konrad Lorenz
``Dogmatisms and Catechisms: Ethics and Companion Animals''	504	(6)
Bernard E. Rollin
Michael D.H. Rollin
``The Pet World''	510	(3)
Paul Shepard
``Hand-Raising a Rhino in the Wild''	513	(3)
Anna Merz
``Living with Animals''	516	(4)
Freya Mathews
``Protecting Children and Animals from Abuse: A Trans-Species Concept of Caring''	520	(4)
James Garbarino
``The Welfare of Assistance and Therapy Animals: An Ethical Comment''	524	(6)
James Serpell
Raymond Coppinger
Aubrey H. Fine
``The Use of Seizure-Alert Dogs''	530	(9)
Stephen W. Brown
Val Strong
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
X Animal Law/Animal Activism
Introduction	537	(2)
``A Great Shout: Legal Rights for Great Apes''	539	(8)
Steven M. Wise
``Book Review: Rattling the Cage: Toward Legal Rights for Animals by Steven M. Wise''	547	(5)
Richard A. Posner
``The Dangerous Claims of the Animal Rights Movement''	552	(4)
Richard A. Epstein
``Every Sparrow that Falls: Understanding Animal Rights Activism as Functional Religion''	556	(7)
Wesley V. Jamison
Caspar Wenk
James V. Parker
``Understanding Animal Rights Violence''	563	(5)
Tom Regan
``Civil Disobedience: A Case Study in Factors of Effectiveness''	568	(5)
Courtney L. Dillard
In Your Face: From Actor to Activist	573	(3)
Chris DeRose
``Ten Ways to Make a Difference''	576	(8)
Peter Singer
Annotated Further Reading
Study Questions
Index	584