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9780072548495

Annual Editions : International Business 03/04

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780072548495

  • ISBN10:

    0072548495

  • Edition: 12th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2002-12-03
  • Publisher: McGraw-Hill/Dushkin
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Summary

This annually updated reader of public press articles from a cross section of periodicals covers topics such as: the nature of international business; organizations and monetary systems in the international environment; foreign environments and dynamics; and how management deals with environmental forces.This title is supported by the student Web site, www.dushkin.com/online providing study support and tools and links to related Web sites.

Table of Contents

UNIT 1. The War on Terrorism

1. New Realities of Globalization, Michael Cherkasky, Chief Executive, January 2002

The start of the War on Terror can be traced back to the assassination of Egyptian president Anwar Sadat, some 20 years ago. Now that we know we are in a war, how are we going to fight it at home and abroad?

2. Rebuilding Afghanistan: A Multi-Billion Dollar Plan, Josh Martin, The Middle East, March 2002

While some of the Taliban and Al Qaeda terrorists may still be in the country, able to cause trouble, the rebuilding of Afghanistan, one of the world’s poorest countries before September 11, 2001, is now going to start. It isn’t going to be easy or cheap.

3. Money’s Costing More, Mel Mandell, World Trade, April 1, 2002

Among the many effects of terrorism is the increased cost of doing business, in particular, the increased cost of credit insurance.

4. Going Global Can Bring on a World of Challenges, Tom Witkowski, Boston Business Journal, November 20, 2001

High-tech firms do not just produce in the United States. Many of them look to India to help produce high-tech goods, but after September 11, 2001, that strategy is riskier than it was before.

UNIT 2. The Nature of International Business

Part A. Introduction to International Business

5. International Trade: Globalization vs. Protectionism, Alan Greenspan, Vital Speeches of the Day, April 15, 2001

International trade and the economic development it has helped to engender is the subject of this speech by the chairman of the Federal Reserve Board to the committee on finance of the United States Senate. It discusses the advantages of international trade over protectionism.

6. American Corporations: The New Sovereigns, Lawrence E. Mitchell, The Chronicle of Higher Education, January 18, 2002

Corporations are growing in power and there doesn’t seem to be any real accountability for them. This would seem to be true on both the international and domestic levels.

7. 2001’s Most Influencial People in World Trade, Lara L. Sowinski, World Trade, December 13, 2001

Who are the most important people in world trade at the beginning of the twenty-first century?

8. Europeans Covet U.S., Nick Lico, Advertising Age, April 9, 2001

The American auto market is the largest automobile market in the world, but not every manufacturer is in it. Those that are not would like to be and are making plans.

9. Free Trade Bush’s Way, Marc Cooper, The Nation, April 15, 2002

The experience of Latin America and its relationship with the United States, and how that relationship has changed over the past 15 years, is the subject of this article.

10. Smart Globalization, Pete Engardio, Business Week, August 27, 2001

Being the first and the biggest firm in an emerging market is not necessarily the best long-term strategy. A better strategy is carefully building a local presence in the market.

Part B. Economic Theories of International Trade, Development, and Investment

11. Integrating Multinational Firms Into International Economics, James R. Markusen, NBER Reporter, Winter 2001/2002

The evolution of multinational firms has not been very well integrated into international economy theory. James Markusen has developed a theory to help explain the actions of multinationals in the global economy.

UNIT 3. The International Environment: Organizations and Monetary Systems

Part A. International Organizations

12. Where the Elite Preens Itself, Jenni Russell, New Statesmen, January 28, 2002

The World Economic Forum brings the world’s wealthiest and most powerful people together. But the question is, “Do they accomplish anything?” Or is it just a gathering of the rich and powerful where the most important question and concern is the color of one’s name badge?

13. Free Trade Area of the Americas: NAFTA Marches South, Claudio Katz, NACLA Report on the Americas, February 2002

NAFTA has been a success, at least as far as the United States is concerned. Now the United States wants to extend NAFTA to create a new trade group, the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).

Part B. International Monetary System and Balance of Payments

14. The Deficit That Just About Everyone Overlooks, Clive Crook, National Journal, February 17, 2001

During the economic boom of the 1990s there was one bit of bad economic news that nearly everyone overlooked and that was the balance of payments. Now with the U.S. economy slowing down, people might begin to pay attention.

15. The Sacking of Argentina, Tim Frasca, The Nation, May 6, 2002

Agentina’s economy imploded in December 2001. Who is to blame? Politicians, businessmen, the IMF, or the World Bank? One thing is sure, there is plenty of blame to go around.

16. Failure of the Fund: Rethinking the IMF Response, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Harvard International Review, Summer 2001

The Asian financial crisis shook the financial world at the end of the 1990s. Unfortunately, it would seem, the actions of the IMF did not help matters. In fact, they may have actually made things worse.

17. Accounting Challenges Overseas, Mel Mandell, World Trade, December 1, 2001

Globalization has forced the accounting profession to attempt to standardize practices worldwide. This is no easy task when fluctuating different currencies, cultural expectations, and varying degrees of openness in societies is considered. But organizations engaged in global trade need to address these issues and here are some ideas.

18. What the New Currency Means to the European Economy, Bruce Barnard, Europe, December 2001/January 2002

The euro was launched to provide Europe with a sounder, more efficient economy. While the start has been a little rocky, the long-term prospects are very good.

UNIT 4. Foreign Environment

Part A. Financial Forces

19. Economics Focus: Big MacCurrencies, The Economist, April 27, 2002

Every year The Economist magazine does a survey of the average price of a Big Mac to determine whether a currency is overvalued or undervalued. Over the past 16 years, it has proven to be an excellent predictor of long-term currency values.

Part B. Economic and Socioeconomic Forces

20. Nike’s Voice Looms Large, Jeff Ballinger, Social Policy, Fall 2001

Sweatshops are something that developing countries seem to be able to grow in abundance. The problem is that some multinational corporations turn a blind eye to working conditions in these countries.

21. Social Accountability in Central America: Not Just Ethical, But Economical, Tim Vickery, World Trade, April 2002

Ethical sourcing of goods on the world market is not only the right thing to do, it can also be the economical and profitable thing to do.

22. Ascension Years, Tsugami Toshiya, Look Japan, May 2002

China’s entry into the WTO was the culmination of years of negotiations as well as years of change in the Chinese economy. Tsugami Toshiya looks at how this will impact on China and the rest of the world.

23. The Non-Performing Country, The Economist, February 16, 2002

The Japanese economy has been in a recession for the past 10 years, with no real prospect of getting better soon. In fact, the only real certainty seems to be that things will get worse before they get better.

Part C. Sociocultural Forces

24. The Gains and Pains of Free Trade, Khaled Diab, The Middle East, April 2002

The Middle East has been in turmoil since the founding of Israel in the late 1940s. Entering into a free trade war with Europe might be the answer to the never-ending conflict.

25. Free Markets and Poverty, Christian E. Weller and Adam Hersh, The American Prospect, Winter 2002

One of the claims of free marketers is that in a free market, the lives of everyone improve. This article takes issue with that claim, noting that in the past 20 years, income gaps have actually widened.

26. Empires Without Umpires, The Economist, April 7, 2001

Chinese commercial organizations outside of China are, from a Western perspective, unique in how they do business. This article provides some insight into these unique institutions.

27. Hype at the End of the Tunnel, Ziauddin Sardar, New Statesmen, November 19, 2001

Hype is something that many people have come to expect in their everyday lives. But, hype can be used for both good and bad reasons, as shown in this article by Ziauddin Sardar.

28. Chile’s Democratic Challenge, Sara Larrain, Multinational Monitor, April 2001

Chile is trying to recover from years of dictatorship. It is a very rough road that Chile is having to travel, but slow progress is being made, according to this interview with Sara Larrain, the executive director of the Sustainable Chile program.

Part D. Political Forces

29. Progress Against Corruption, Dan Johnson, The Futurist, March/April 2002

The government and businesses in some countries are more honest than others. Frequency of high and low governmental and private-sector corruption on a national level is discussed here.

30. Serving Up the Commons: A Guest Essay, Tony Clarke, Multinational Monitor, April 2001

Multinational organizations expand and look for additional business. One of the areas they are going to be looking at will be functions that have traditionally been performed by governments.

31. Analyzing and Managing Country Risks, David W. Conklin, Ivey Business Journal, January/February 2002

Risk is always going to be a part of doing business. Doing business outside your home market, however, is riskier. David Conklin addresses these issues with some strategies for managing them.

Part E. Legal Forces

32. The Highest Court You’ve Never Heard Of, Paul Magnusson, Business Week, April 1, 2002

NAFTA established a panel of judges who use arbitration procedures to settle commercial disputes between companies, governments, and others. The amounts involved can reach into the hundreds of millions of dollars and there is no appeal.

Part F. Competitive Forces

33. The World According to Monti, Business Week, March 25, 2002

The EU has developed its own set of competition/antitrust laws, and the head of that effort, Mario Monti, is determined to enforce them, even if that means stopping the merger between General Electric and Honeywell.

34. International Alliance Negotiations: Legal Issues for General Managers, Elise Campbell and Jeffrey J. Reuer, Business Horizons, January/February 2001

Joint ventures and other types of international alliances are often used when an organization wants to enter a foreign market. However, there are risks associated with each type of arrangement, and executives must be vigilant.

UNIT 5. How Management Deals With Environmental Forces

Part A. Market Assessment and Analysis

35. Putting Branding on the Map: Branding a Country Has Outgrown Its Corporate Roots to Develop Positioning Insights That are World Class, Creenagh Lodge, Marketing, March 14, 2002

The idea of a country as a brand is a rather new one, but it is certainly applicable in the area of tourism. The concept, however, applies to other areas too.

36. Does Globalization Have Staying Power?, John A. Quelch, Marketing Management, March/April 2002

The developing world, and particularly the Islamic world, offers many opportunities. But it is necessary to understand those markets to be able to take advantage of them.

Part B. Market Internationally

37. International Growth Patterns Remain Strong, Polly Larson, Franchising World, April 2002

Even though there has been a worldwide decline in the economy, certain types of businesses have continued to grow. Franchising has done well.

Part C. Export and Import Practices and Procedures

38. The Role of International Trade and Investment, Claude E. Barfield, The World & I, January 2002

Claude Barfield is a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. In this article, he notes the pitfalls that befell the world economy, leading to the Great Depression and urges the nations of the world, and particularly the United States, to not make those same mistakes again.

39. AAEI Conference Highlights: What Does China’s Entry Into the WTO Mean for U.S. Exporters?, Managing Exports, April 2002

China’s entry into the WTO was one of the very important events of the past 7 years in world trade, especially for the United States. What this is likely to mean to American firms is the subject of this article.

Part D. East-West Relations

40. Post–Cold War International Relations: Trends and Portents, Sharif M. Shuja, Contemporary Review, February 2001

What will the world be like in the twenty-first century? Sharif Shuja has some thoughts on the issues.

41. The Russian Approach to Human Rights Intervention, Dmitry Shlapentokh, Contemporary Review, March 2001

Now that the cold war is over and the Soviet Union is no more, the Russians have become cynical about human resources, a subject in which they once thought the West believed.

Part E. Production Systems

42. Offshore Shores Up IT, Andrew Dietderich, Crain’s Detroit Business, April 15, 2002

More companies are going offshore for more things and that includes information technology. Many firms have discovered that Asia, and particularly India, is a place where good information technology can be developed for a fraction of the cost.

43. Redefining the Business Case for Offshore Outsourcing, Julie Gallagher, Insurance & Technology, April 2002

September 11, 2001, brought a new dimension to offshore outsourcing. Not only must the company accept all the risk it has in the past, but it must now add the risk of terror.

Part F. Labor Relations, Policies, and Management

44. Comrades Are on the March Again, John Kelly, New Statesmen, January 28, 2002

Unions seem to be making a comeback, at least in certain areas. John Kelly has some observations on this growing trend.

45. Unions Forming Global Contract, Roger Armburst, Back Stage, February 22–28, 2002

Unions have always talked about an international movement. But now, for the first time, the labor movement is seeking to develop a concrete international contract to globally protect workers in, of all places, film, stage, and television productions.

Part G. Strategic Management and Organizational Design

46. The Incredible Shrinking World, Julie Demers, CMA Management, November 2001

With today’s technology you don’t have to go to Bangkok to have a face-to-face meeting with your customer. You can do it in your own office.

47. Has Strategy Changed?, Kathleen M. Eisenhardt, MIT Sloan Management Review, Winter 2002

Globalization is fundamentally changing the environment of organizations. That means that those same organizations will have to change the way they view their environment and what and how they must plan for it.

Part H. Controlling and Staffing

48. Personnel Demands Attention Overseas, Andrew Brent, Mutual Fund Market News, March 19, 2001

When an organization decides to expand outside of the home market, it must make very careful human resource decisions. Unfortunately, these often do not get the attention they deserve.

49. Safe Haven, Barbara Hanrehan and Donald R. Bentivoglio, HR Magazine, February 2002

In the face of September 11, 2001, safety considerations for both employees and their families have taken on a new meaning and a new urgency.

50. International HR Manager, Personnel Today, January 15, 2002

Being an international HR manager is a very difficult task. It not only requires all the skills and talents of a domestic managers, but the need to multiply those skills by the number of countries involved.

Part I. Trends and New Directions

51. Reforming Globalization, Jay Mandle, Challenge, March/April 2001

Globalization is certainly the trend, but there are reforms that need to be instituted. Jay Mandle discusses two of them.

52. The Core of the Global Economy, William Richard Smyser, The World & I, April 2001

The European Union and the United States are the core of the global economy. How they interact and how the EU will handle its expansion over the next ten years will be a key to what happens in and to the global economy.

53. Globalisation’s Misguided Assumptions, José Bové, Observer, September 2001

Not everyone agrees with Allen Greenspan on the advantages of globalization. Jose Bove tells why.

54. Heavy Surf and Tsunamis, Ellen Frank, New Internationalist, January/February 2002

The world’s financial market is inherently unstable, says Ellen Frank. She has some ideas on how it should be changed.

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