Annual Plant Reviews, Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism

by Wink, Michael

• ISBN13: 9781405183970
• ISBN10: 1405183977
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-05-24
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

This important new edition of an extremely popular and successful Annual Plant Review volume commences with an overview of the biochemistry, physiology, functions and utilisation of plant secondary metabolites, followed by detailed surveys of alkaloids and betalains, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates and non-protein amino acids, phenyl propanoids and related compounds, and terpenoids (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sterols, cardiac glycosides and steroid saponins). A chapter is also included covering the importance of secondary metabolites in taxonomy, as viewed from the perspective of molecular systematics.

Author Biography

Michael Wink is professor of Pharmaceutical Biology and Director at the Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Heidelberg University, Germany.

Table of Contents

Contributors	p. x
Preface	p. xiii
Introduction: biochemistry; physiology and ecological functions of secondary metabolites	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Biosynthesis	p. 2
Transport, storage and turnover	p. 9
Costs of secondary metabolism	p. 13
Ecological role of secondary metabolites	p. 14
References	p. 17
Biosynthesis of alkaloids and betalains	p. 20
Introduction	p. 20
Nicotine and tropane alkaloids	p. 23
Pyrrolizdine alkaloids (PAs)	p. 33
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids	p. 35
Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIA)	p. 46
Ergot alkaloids	p. 56
Acridone alkaloid biosynthesis	p. 60
Purine alkaloids	p. 61
Taxol	p. 62
Betalains	p. 66
Conclusions	p. 75
References	p. 75
Biosynthesis of cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates and non-protein amino acids	p. 92
Introduction	p. 93
Cyanogenic glycosides	p. 94
Glucosinolates	p. 128
Non-protein amino acids	p. 146
Acknowledgements	p. 157
References	p. 157
Biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and related compounds	p. 182
Introduction	p. 182
General phenylpropanoid pathway and formation of hydroxycinnamate conjugates	p. 183
Coumarins	p. 197
Lignans	p. 209
Gallotannins and ellagitannins	p. 223
Conclusion	p. 229
References	p. 230
Biochemistry of terpenoids: monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes	p. 258
Introduction	p. 259
Function	p. 260
Biosynthesis	p. 263
Conclusions	p. 285
References	p. 286
Biochemistry of sterols, cardiac glycosides, brassinosteroids, phytoecdysteroids and steroid saponins	p. 304
Introduction	p. 305
Sterols	p. 308
Cardiac glycosides	p. 319
Brassinosteroids	p. 336
Phytoecdysteroids	p. 341
Steroid saponins and steroid alkaloids	p. 343
Conclusions	p. 347
References	p. 348
Chemotaxonomy seen from a phylogenetic perspective and evolution of secondary metabolism	p. 364
Introduction	p. 365
Establishment of chemotaxonomy as a research discipline	p. 365
Developments in small molecule chemotaxonomy over the past 35 years	p. 380
Molecular biology and plant taxonomy	p. 382
Comparison between patterns of secondary metabolites and molecular phylogeny	p. 383
Evolution of plant secondary metabolism	p. 406
Acknowledgements	p. 426
References	p. 426
Index	p. 434
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