Art Fundamentals: Theory and Practice

by Ocvirk, Otto; Stinson, Robert E; Wigg, Philip R; Bone, Robert O; Cayton, David L

• ISBN13: 9780073379272
• ISBN10: 0073379271
• Edition: 12th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2012-01-10
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

Summary

The original textbook that set the standard for art foundations courses across the country, Art Fundamentals has guided generations of students through both the essential elements of art and the rich and varied history of their uses. We have organized Art Fundamentals to assist with “knowing” and “feeling” the fundamental concepts of refined creation. Our intent is to stimulate without locking students into a restricted mind-set or mechanical copying of ideas.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS

THE EVOLVING NATURE OF ART

THE THREE COMPONENTS OF ART

Subject

Form

Content

ORGANIC UNITY

ABSTRACTION

EXPANDING PERSONAL AWARENESS

DEVELOPING IDEAS

CRITICAL THINKING AND ANALYSIS

BASIC CONCEPTS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL ART

2D MEDIA AND TECHNIQUES

BASIC CONCEPTS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL ART

3D MATERIALS AND CONCEPTS

Subtraction

Manipulation

Addition

Substitution

AREAS OF 3D APPLICATIONS

Sculpture

Architecture

Metalwork

Glass Design

Ceramics

Fiberwork

Product Design

COMBINING THE INGREDIENTS: A SUMMARY

Chapter 2 Form

THE VOCABULARY OF FORM

FORM AND VISUAL ORDERING

THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION

Harmony

Repetition

Rhythm

Pattern

Closure (Visual Grouping)

Visual Linking

Shared Edges

Overlapping

Transparency

Interpenetration

Linking through Extensions (Implied and Subjective Edges/Lines/Shapes)

Excessive Use of Harmony

Variety

Contrast

Elaboration

The Dualism of Harmony and Variety

Balance

Symmetrical Balance (Formal Balance)

Approximate Symmetrical Balance

Radial Balance

Asymmetrical Balance (Informal/Occult Balance)

Proportion

Dominance

Movement

Economy

SPACE: RESULT OF ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES

THREE-DIMENSIONAL FORM AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION

Harmony and Variety

Balance

Proportion

Dominance

Movement

Economy

FORM UNITY: A SUMMARY

Chapter 3 Line

THE VOCABULARY OF LINE

LINE: THE ELEMENTARY MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LINE

Measure

Type

Direction

Location

Character

LINE AND THE OTHER ART ELEMENTS

Line and Shape

Line and Value

Line and Texture

Line and Color

THE SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LINE

LINE AS REPRESENTATION AND EXPRESSION

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF LINE

Chapter 4 Shape

THE VOCABULARY OF SHAPE

INTRODUCTION TO SHAPE

SHAPE TYPES

SHAPE DIMENSIONS

SHAPE AND COMPOSITION

Harmony and Variety

Dominance

Movement

Balance

Proportion and Economy

SHAPE AND EXPRESSIVE CONTENT

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF SHAPE

Chapter 5 Value

THE VOCABULARY OF VALUE

INTRODUCTION TO VALUE RELATIONSHIPS

VALUE AND ART MEDIA

PLASTIC VALUE

Chiaroscuro

Tenebrism

DECORATIVE VALUE

VALUE PATTERN AND COMPOSITION

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF VALUE

Chapter 6 Texture

THE VOCABULARY OF TEXTURE

INTRODUCTION TO TEXTURE

THE NATURE OF TEXTURE

TYPES OF TEXTURE

Actual Texture

Simulated Texture

Abstract Texture

Invented Texture

TEXTURE AND PATTERN

TEXTURE AND COMPOSITION

TEXTURE AND SPACE

TEXTURE AND EXPRESSIVE CONTENT

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF TEXTURE

Chapter 7 Color

THE VOCABULARY OF COLOR

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COLOR

LIGHT: THE SOURCE OF COLOR

Additive Color

Subtractive Color

ARTISTS’ PIGMENTS AND THE TRIADIC COLOR SYSTEM

Neutrals

THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COLOR

Hue

Value

Intensity

DEVELOPING AESTHETIC COLOR RELATIONSHIPS

Complements and Split-Complements

Triads

Tetrads

Analogous and Monochromatic Colors

Warm and Cool Colors

Plastic Colors

Simultaneous Contrast

Color and Emotion

Psychological Application of Color

THE ROLE OF COLOR IN COMPOSITION

Color Balance

Color and Harmony

Color and Variety

THE EVOLUTION OF THE COLOR WHEEL

The Origins of Color Systems

The Discovery of Pigment Primaries

The First Triadic Color Wheel

The Discovery of Light Primaries

The Ostwald Color System

The Munsell Color System

The Process Color System (Four-Color Printing Process)

Color Photography

Color Computer Printing

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF COLOR

Chapter 8 Space

THE VOCABULARY OF SPACE

INTRODUCTION TO SPACE

SPATIAL PERCEPTION

MAJOR TYPES OF SPACE

Decorative Space

Plastic Space

Shallow Space

Deep and Infinite Space

SPATIAL INDICATORS

Sharp and Diminishing Detail

Size

Position

Overlapping

Transparency

Interpenetration

Fractional Representation

Converging Parallels

Linear Perspective

Major Types of Linear Perspective

One-Point Perspective

Two-Point Perspective

Three-Point Perspective

Perspective Concepts Applied

The Disadvantages of Linear Perspective

Other Projection Systems

Intuitive Space

THE SPATIAL PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS

Line and Space

Shape and Space

Value and Space

Texture and Space

Color and Space

STRUCTURED AMBIGUITY

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF SPACE

Chapter 9 Time and Motion

THE VOCABULARY OF TIME & MOTION

THE SEARCH FOR A NEW SPATIAL DIMENSION

PICTORIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF MOVEMENT IN TIME

Implied Motion through Line Direction or Shape Position

Sequenced Images

Multiple Viewpoints

Superimposed and Blurred Images

MOTION PICTURES: FILM & VIDEO

COMPUTERS & MULTIMEDIA

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF TIME & MOTION

Timeline

Glossary

Bibligraphy