AutoCAD 2002 : A Problem-Solving Approach

by Tickoo, Sham

• ISBN13: 9780766838536
• ISBN10: 0766838536
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-09-19
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

From drafting basics through customization and the use of advanced features, this comprehensive how-to and reference manual guides readers to skillful use of AutoCAD 2002 commands while developing the drafting and design skills required to solve real-world drawing problems. Ideal for novices and industry professionals alike, this edition has been fully updated and organized to enable users to take maximum advantage of the new heads-up design and state-of-the-art Internet features of AutoCAD 2002, including the use of toolbars, shortcut menus, and dialog boxes. In addition to screen captures that provide insight into essential AutoCAD 2002 features and functions, this edition also contains an extensive collection of live projects, detailed examples, and step-by-step exercises thoughtfully engineered to provide readers with a hands-on introduction to essential 3D modeling, rendering and customization techniques. Tips and notes are also located strategically throughout the book to help users avoid common pitfalls and minimize the learning curve. Serving equally well as an instructional text and long-lasting professional reference, AutoCAD 2002: A Problem-Solving Approach is a "must" for AutoCAD users of all abilities who want to learn how to save time and maximize their productivity using the newest release of today's most popular desktop drawing and design tool.

Table of Contents

Preface	xix
Dedication	xxiii
AutoCAD Part I
Getting Started-I
Starting AutoCAD	1	(1)
Starting a Drawing	2	(5)
Open Drawings	3	(1)
Create Drawings	3	(4)
AutoCAD Screen Components	7	(3)
Invoking Commands in AutoCAD	10	(4)
AutoCAD Dialog Boxes	14	(1)
Drawing Lines in AutoCAD	15	(4)
Coordinate Systems	19	(10)
Absolute Coordinate System	20	(2)
Relative Coordinate System	22	(5)
Direct Distance Entry	27	(2)
Erasing Objects	29	(1)
Canceling and Undoing a Command	30	(1)
Object Selection Methods	30	(2)
The Window Option	30	(1)
The Crossing Option	31	(1)
Drawing Circles	32	(4)
Saving Your Work	36	(4)
Automatic Timed Save	40	(1)
Creation of Backup Files	40	(1)
Closing a Drawing	41	(1)
Quitting AutoCAD	41	(1)
AutoCAD's Help	41	(3)
Additional Help Resources	44
Getting Started-II
Opening an Existing File	1	(5)
Starting a New Drawing	6	(1)
Multiple Document Environment (MDE)	6	(2)
Basic Display Commands	8	(2)
ZOOM Command	8	(1)
Panning in Realtime	9	(1)
Setting Units	10	(7)
The Drawing Units Dialog Box	10	(5)
Forcing Default Angles	15	(2)
LIMITS Command	17	(5)
Introduction to Plotting Drawings	22	(5)
Options Dialog Box	27
Draw Commands
Drawing Arcs	1	(11)
Drawing Rectangles	12	(4)
Drawing Ellipses	16	(6)
Drawing Elliptical Arcs	19	(3)
Drawing Regular Polygons	22	(3)
Drawing Traces	25	(2)
Drawing Polylines	27	(7)
Drawing Donuts	34	(2)
Drawing Points	36	(3)
Drawing Infinite Lines	39	(3)
XLINE Command	39	(3)
RAY Command	42	(1)
Creating Text	42
Drawing Aids
Layers	1	(2)
Layer Properties Manager Dialog Box	3	(13)
LINETYPE Command	16	(1)
LWEIGHT Command	16	(2)
Object Properties	18	(2)
Object Properties Toolbar	18	(1)
Properties Window	19	(1)
Global and Current Linetype Scaling	20	(1)
Ltscale Factor for Plotting	21	(1)
AutoCAD DesignCenter	22	(1)
Drafting Settings Dialog Box	23	(6)
Setting Ortho Mode	29	(1)
Object Snaps	29	(12)
Running Object Snap Mode	41	(3)
Using Auto Tracking	44	(3)
Function and Control Keys	47
Editing Commands-I
Creating a Selection Set	1	(6)
Editing Commands	7	(1)
Move Command	7	(1)
Copy Command	8	(1)
Copybase Command	9	(1)
Pasteblock Command	10	(1)
Pasteorig Command	10	(1)
Offset Command	11	(1)
Rotate Command	12	(1)
Scale Command	13	(2)
Fillet Command	15	(3)
Chamfer Command	18	(3)
Trim Command	21	(2)
Extend Command	23	(3)
Stretch Command	26	(1)
Lengthen Command	27	(2)
Array Command	29	(6)
Rectangular Array	29	(2)
Polar Array	31	(4)
Mirror Command	35	(1)
Break Command	36	(2)
Measure Command	38	(1)
Divide Command	39
Editing Commands-II
Editing With Grips	1	(1)
Grip Types	2	(1)
Adjusting Grips Settings	3	(1)
Editing the Objects with Grips	4	(8)
Stretch Mode	4	(3)
Move Mode	7	(1)
Rotate Mode	8	(1)
Scale Mode	9	(1)
Mirror Mode	10	(2)
Loading Hyperlinks	12	(1)
Editing Gripped Objects	12	(1)
Grip System Variables	13	(1)
Properties Command	13	(1)
Changing Properties using Grips	14	(1)
Matching Properties	14	(2)
Qselect Command	16	(2)
Managing Contents Using the AutoCAD DesignCenter	18	(7)
Making Inquiry about a Drawing (Inquiry Commands)	25
Calculating the Area of the Objects (AREA Command)	26	(3)
Calculating Distance between Two Points (DIST Command)	29	(1)
Identifying a Position on the Screen (ID Command)	30	(1)
Listing Information about Objects (LIST Command)	30	(1)
Listing Information about All Objects in a Drawing (DBLIST Command)	31	(1)
Checking the Time-related Information (TIME Command)	32	(2)
Obtaining Drawing Status Information (STATUS Command)	34	(1)
Displaying Drawing Properties (DWGPROPS Command)	35
Controlling Drawing Display and Creating Text
Basic Display Options	1	(1)
Redraw Command	2	(1)
Regen Command	2	(1)
Zoom Command	3	(7)
Pan Command	10	(2)
Creating Views	12	(2)
Aerial View	14	(2)
Creating Text	16	(1)
Creating Single Line Text	16	(6)
Drawing Special Characters	22	(1)
Creating Paragraph Text	23	(7)
Editing Text	30	(1)
Editing Text Using DDEDIT Command	30	(1)
Editing Text Using Properties Window	31	(1)
Substituting Fonts	31	(2)
Specifying an Alternate Default Font	33	(1)
Style Command	33	(1)
Determining Text Height	34	(1)
Checking Spelling	35	(1)
Text Quality and Text Fill	36	(1)
Finding and Replacing Text	37
Basic Dimensioning, Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
Need for Dimensioning	1	(1)
Dimensioning in AutoCAD	2	(1)
Fundamental Dimensioning Terms	2	(4)
Associative Dimensions	6	(1)
Definition Points	7	(1)
Selecting Dimensioning Commands	8	(2)
Quick Dimensioning	10	(1)
Linear Dimensioning	11	(4)
Aligned Dimensioning	15	(1)
Rotated Dimensioning	16	(1)
Baseline Dimensioning	17	(1)
Continue Dimensioning	18	(2)
Angular Dimensioning	20	(3)
Diameter Dimensioning	23	(1)
Radius Dimensioning	24	(1)
Generating Center Marks and Centerlines	25	(1)
Ordinate Dimensioning	26	(2)
Creating True Associative Dimensions	28	(1)
Dimreassociate Command	28	(1)
Removing Dimension Associativity (Dimdisassociate Command)	29	(1)
Drawing Leaders	29	(5)
Using Leader with the DIM Command	34	(1)
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing	34	(1)
Geometric Characteristics and Symbols	35	(1)
Adding Geometric Tolerance (Tolerance Command)	36	(2)
Complex Feature Control Frames	38	(3)
Combining Geometric Characteristics	38	(2)
Composite Position Tolerancing	40	(1)
Using Feature Control Frames with Leaders	41	(1)
Projected Tolerance Zone	41
Editing Dimensions
Editing Dimensions	1	(3)
Editing The Dimensions by Stretching	1	(2)
Editing Dimensions by Trimming and Extending	3	(1)
Editing Dimensions	4	(2)
Editing Dimension Text	6	(1)
Updating Dimensions	7	(1)
Editing Dimensions with Grips	8	(1)
Editing Dimensions Using the Properties Window	8	(3)
Properties Window (Dimension)	8	(2)
Properties Window (Leader)	10	(1)
Model Space and Paper Space Dimensioning	11
Dimension Style and Dimensioning System Variables
Using Styles and Variables to Control Dimensions	1	(1)
Creating and Restoring Dimension Styles	2	(1)
New Dimension Style Dialog Box	3	(6)
Controlling Dimension Text Format	9	(4)
Fitting Dimension Text and Arrowheads	13	(3)
Formatting Primary Dimension Units	16	(4)
Formatting Alternate Dimension Units	20	(2)
Formatting the Tolerances	22	(4)
Other Dimensioning Variables	26	(1)
Dimension Style Families	27	(3)
Using Dimension Style Overrides	30	(1)
Comparing and Listing Dimension Styles	31	(1)
Using Externally Referenced Dimension Styles	32
Model Space Viewports, Paper Space Viewports, Layouts
Model Space and Paper Space/Layouts	1	(1)
Model Space Viewports (Tiled Viewports)	2	(2)
Creating Tiled Viewports	3	(1)
Making a Viewport Current	4	(1)
Joining Two Adjacent Viewports	5	(2)
Paper Space Viewports (Floating Viewports)	7	(3)
Creating Floating Viewports	7	(1)
Creating Polygonal Viewports	8	(1)
Converting an Existing Closed Object into a Viewport	9	(1)
Temporary Model Space	10	(2)
Editing the Viewports	12	(3)
Controlling the Display of the Objects in the Viewports	12	(1)
Locking the Display in the Viewports	13	(1)
Controlling the Display of the Hidden Lines in the Viewports	13	(1)
Clipping the Existing Viewports	13	(2)
Manipulating the Visibility of Viewport Layers	15	(1)
Controlling the Layers in the Viewports using the Layer Properties Manager Dialog box	16	(1)
Paper Space Linetype Scaling (PSLTSCALE System Variable)	17	(2)
Inserting the Layouts	19	(3)
Pagesetup Command	22	(1)
Layoutwizard Command	22	(2)
Mvsetup Command	24
Mvsetup Command on the Model Tab	24	(1)
Mvsetup Command on the Layout Tab	24
Plotting Drawings
Plotting Drawings in AutoCAD	1	(1)
PLOT Command	1	(12)
Adding Plotters	13	(3)
Plottermanager Command	13	(3)
Editing Plotter Configuration	16	(2)
Importing PCP/PC2 Configuration Files	18	(1)
Setting the Plot Parameters	18	(3)
Pagesetup Command	18	(3)
Psetupin Command	21	(1)
Using Plot Styles	21	(10)
Stylesmanager Command	22	(6)
Applying Plot Styles	28	(1)
Plotstyle Command	29	(2)
Batch Plotting	31
Hatching
Hatching	1	(2)
Bhatch Command	3	(1)
Boundary Hatch Options	4	(13)
Ray Casting Options	17	(4)
Using the Bhatch Command	17	(1)
Using the -Bhatch Command	18	(3)
Hatching around Text, Traces, Attributes, Shapes, and Solids	21	(1)
Editing Hatch Patterns	21	(3)
Using the Hatchedit Command	21	(2)
Using Properties Command	23	(1)
Editing Hatch Boundary	24	(2)
Using Grips	24	(1)
Using AutoCAD Editing Commands	25	(1)
Hatching Blocks and Xref Drawings	26	(1)
Pattern Alignment During Hatching	26	(1)
Boundary Command	27	(3)
Other Features of Hatching	30	(1)
Hatching by Using the Hatch Command	30
Blocks
The Concept of Blocks	1	(1)
Formation of Blocks	2	(2)
Converting Objects into a Block	4	(4)
Block Command	4	(3)
Block Command	7	(1)
Inserting Blocks (Insert Command)	8	(8)
Insert Command	15	(1)
Using AutoCAD DesignCenter to Insert Blocks	16	(1)
Layers, Colors, Linetypes and Lineweights for Blocks	17	(1)
Nesting of Blocks	18	(2)
Inserting Multiple Blocks (Minsert Command)	20	(3)
Creating Drawing Files (Wblock Command)	23	(3)
Using the -Wblock Command	25	(1)
Defining the Insertion Base Point (Base Command)	26	(1)
Editing Blocks	27	(6)
Editing Blocks In-place (Refedit Command)	27	(6)
Renaming Blocks	33	(1)
Deleting Unused Blocks	34
AutoCAD Part II
Defining Block Attributes
Attributes	1	(1)
Defining Attributes	2	(5)
Editing Attribute Definitions	7	(1)
Inserting Blocks with Attributes	8	(3)
Managing Attributes	11	(6)
Extracting Attributes	17	(10)
Attext Command for Attribute Extraction	21	(6)
Controlling Attribute Visibility	27	(1)
Editing Block Attributes	28	(9)
Editing Attributes Using Enhanced Attribute Editor	28	(2)
Editing Attributes Using the Attedit Command	30	(7)
Redefining a Block with Attributes	37	(2)
Inserting Text Files in the Drawing	39
External References
External References	1	(1)
Dependent Symbols	2	(2)
Managing External References in a Drawing	4	(9)
The Overlay Option	13	(3)
Xattach Command	16	(2)
Adding Dependent Symbols to a Drawing	18	(2)
Clipping External References	20	(1)
Displaying Clipping Frames	21	(1)
Demand Loading	22	(1)
Editing References In Place	23
More Draw Commands
Creating Multilines	1	(1)
Defining Multiline Style	1	(5)
Drawing Multilines	6	(2)
Editing Multilines (Using Grips)	8	(1)
Editing Multilines (Using the Mledit Command)	9	(5)
Creating Nurbs	14	(1)
Editing Splines	15	(4)
Freehand Sketching in AutoCAD	19	(3)
Digitizing Drawings	22	(1)
TABLET Command	22
Object Grouping and Editing Commands
Object Grouping	1	(6)
Selecting Groups	7	(1)
Cycling through Groups	8	(1)
Changing Properties and Points of an Object	8	(8)
Using the Properties Window	8	(5)
Change Command	13	(3)
Chprop Command	16	(1)
Explode Command	16	(1)
Polyline Editing	17	(16)
Pedit Command	18	(15)
Undoing Commands	33	(5)
Redo Command	38	(1)
Renaming Named Objects	38	(1)
Removing Unused Named Objects	39	(3)
Object Selection Modes	42
Data Exchange, Object Linking and Embedding, and Geometry Calculator
Data Exchange in AutoCAD	1	(1)
DXF File Format (Data Interchange File)	2	(3)
Other Data Exchange Formats	5	(1)
Raster Images	6	(5)
Editing Raster Image Files	11	(4)
Postscript Files	15	(3)
Object Linking and Embedding	18	(10)
Geometry Calculator	28
Technical Drawing with AutoCAD
Multiview Drawings	1	(1)
Understanding X, Y, Z Axes	2	(1)
Orthographic Projections	2	(4)
Positioning Orthographic Views	6	(4)
Dimensioning	10	(11)
Sectional Views	21	(11)
Auxiliary Views	32	(4)
Detail Drawing, Assembly Drawing, and Bill of Materials	36
Isometric Drawing
Isometric Drawings	1	(1)
Isometric Projections	2	(1)
Isometric Axes and Planes	2	(1)
Setting the Isometric Grid and Snap	3	(5)
Drawing Isometric Circles	8	(1)
Dimensioning Isometric Objects	9	(1)
Isometric Text	10
The User Coordinate System
The World Coordinate System (WCS)	1	(1)
Ucsicon Command	2	(2)
UCS Command	4	(13)
Managing UCS through Dialog Box (Ucsman Command)	17	(4)
System Variables	21
Getting Started with 3D
Use of Three Dimensional Drawing	1	(1)
Types of 3D Models	2	(1)
Conventions in AutoCAD	3	(2)
Changing the Viewpoint to View the 3D Models	5	(7)
Ddvpoint Command	6	(2)
Vpoint Command	8	(4)
View Toolbar	12	(1)
3D Coordinate Systems	12	(8)
Absolute Coordinate System	12	(4)
Relative Coordinate System	16	(4)
Trim, Extend, and Fillet Commands in 3D	20	(1)
Converting the Wireframe Models into Surface Models	20	(3)
3DFACE Command	21	(1)
Pface Command	22	(1)
Suppressing the Hidden Edges	23	(2)
Hide Command	24	(1)
Edge Command	24	(1)
Setting Thickness and Elevation for the New Objects	25	(2)
ELEV Command	25	(2)
3DPOLY Command	27	(1)
Directly Creating the Surface Models	27	(5)
Rulesurf Command	27	(2)
Tabsurf Command	29	(1)
Revsurf Command	30	(1)
Edgesurf Command	31	(1)
Drawing Standard Surface Primitives	32	(10)
3D Command	33	(9)
3Dmesh Command	42	(1)
Editing the Surface Mesh	42	(1)
Pedit Command	42
Creating Solid Models
What is Solid Modeling	1	(1)
Predefined Solid Primitives	2	(6)
Creating a Solid Box (Box Command)	2	(1)
Creating a Solid Cone (Cone Command)	3	(2)
Creating a Solid Cylinder (Cylinder Command)	5	(1)
Creating a Solid Sphere (Sphere Command)	6	(1)
Creating a Solid Torus (Torus Command)	7	(1)
Creating a Solid Wedge (Wedge Command)	8	(1)
Creating Complex Solid Models	8	(1)
Region Command	9	(1)
Creating Complex Solid Models by Applying the Boolean Operations	9	(7)
Union Command	9	(1)
Subtract Command	10	(1)
Intersect Command	10	(1)
Interfere Command	10	(6)
Extrude Command	16	(2)
Revolve Command	18	(5)
Filleting the Solid Models (Fillet Command)	23	(1)
Chamfering the Solid Models (Chamfer Command)	24	(1)
Rotating the Solid Models in 3D Space (Rotate3D Command)	25	(3)
Mirroring the Solid Models in 3D Space (Mirror3D Command)	28	(7)
Creating the Arrays in the 3D Space (3Darray Command)	35	(2)
Aligning the Solid Models (Align Command)	37	(2)
Slicing the Solids (Slice Command)	39	(3)
Creating the Cross-section of the Solids (Section Command)	42
Editing and Dynamic Viewing of 3D Objects
Editing the Solid Models (Solidedit Command)	1	(9)
Generating the Drawing Views of the Solid Models	10	(6)
Solview Command	10	(3)
Soldraw Command	13	(1)
Solprof Command	14	(2)
Calculating the Mass Properties of the Solid Models (Massprop Command)	16	(2)
Dynamic Viewing of 3D Objects	18	(1)
3Dorbit Command	19	(7)
Dview Command	26
Rendering
Rendering	1	(1)
Selecting and Attaching the Materials	2	(6)
Selecting the Materials (Matlib Command)	2	(3)
Attaching the Materials to the Objects (RMAT Command)	5	(3)
Elementary Rendering	8	(4)
AutoCAD Render Light Source	12	(13)
Modifying Lights	25	(1)
Creating New Materials	26	(1)
Modifying the Materials	27	(1)
Advanced Rendering	28	(6)
Defining and Rendering a Scene	34	(3)
Defining and Rendering the Landscaping	37	(3)
Editing the Landscaping Objects	40	(1)
Creating User-defined Landscaping Objects	40	(1)
Mapping the Materials on the Objects (SETUV Command)	41	(3)
Obtaining Rendering Information	44	(1)
Saving a Rendering	45	(1)
Displaying a Rendered Image (Replay Command)	46	(2)
Unloading AutoCAD Render	48
Accessing External Databases
Understanding Databases	1	(2)
AutoCAD Database Connectivity	3	(1)
Database Configuration	3	(1)
dbConnect Manager	4	(2)
Viewing and Editing Table Data from AutoCAD	6	(2)
Creating Links with Graphical Objects	8	(4)
Creating Labels	12	(4)
AutoCAD SQL Environment (ASE)	16	(1)
AutoCAD Query Editor	17	(5)
Forming Selection Sets Using Link Select	22	(2)
Conversion of ASE Links to AutoCAD 2002 Format	24
AutoCAD on the Internet
Introduction	1	(1)
Changes from AutoCAD Release 14	2	(1)
WHIP! Limitations	2	(1)
Changed Internet Commands	3	(1)
Understanding URLs	4	(2)
Drawings on the Internet	6	(5)
Inserting a Block from the Internet	11	(1)
Accessing Other files on the Internet	11	(1)
Saving the Drawing to the Internet	12	(1)
AutoCAD 2002 Today Window	12	(4)
Using Hyperlinks with AutoCAD	16	(6)
Pasting as Hyperlinks	22	(1)
Highlighting Objects with URLs	23	(1)
Editing Hyperlinks	24	(1)
Removing Hyperlinks from Objects	24	(1)
The Drawing Web Format	24	(6)
Drag and Drop from Browser to Drawing	30	(2)
Embedding a DWF File	32
AutoCAD Part III (Customizing)
Template Drawings
Creating Template Drawings	1	(1)
Standard Template Drawings	2	(5)
Loading a Template Drawing	7	(1)
Customizing Drawings with Layers and Dimensioning Specifications	7	(5)
Customizing Drawings with Layout	12	(3)
Customizing Drawings with Viewports	15	(2)
Customizing Drawings According to Plot Size and Drawing Scale	17
Script Files and Slide Shows
What are Script Files?	1	(3)
Script Command	4	(5)
Rscript Command	9	(1)
Delay Command	9	(1)
Resume Command	10	(1)
Command Line Switches	11	(1)
Invoking a Script File when Loading AutoCAD	11	(9)
What Is a Slide Show?	20	(1)
What are Slides?	20	(1)
Mslide Command	20	(1)
Vslide Command	21	(2)
Preloading Slides	23	(2)
Slide Libraries	25	(4)
Slide Shows with Rendered Images	29
Creating Linetypes and Hatch Patterns
Standard Linetypes	1	(1)
Linetype Definition	2	(1)
Elements of Linetype Specification	3	(1)
Creating Linetypes	3	(6)
Alignment Specification	9	(1)
Ltscale Command	9	(3)
Ltscale Factor for Plotting	12	(1)
Alternate Linetypes	12	(1)
Modifying Linetypes	13	(3)
Current Linetype Scaling (Celtscale)	16	(1)
Complex Linetypes	17	(8)
Hatch Pattern Definition	25	(2)
How Hatch Works	27	(1)
Simple Hatch Pattern	28	(1)
Effect of Angle and Scale Factor on Hatch	29	(1)
Hatch Pattern with Dashes and Dots	30	(3)
Hatch with Multiple Descriptors	33	(4)
Saving Hatch Patterns in a Separate File	37	(1)
Custom Hatch Pattern File	38
Pull-down, Shortcut, and Partial Menus and Customizing Toolbars
AutoCAD Menu	1	(2)
Standard Menus	3	(1)
Writing a Menu	3	(7)
Loading Menus	10	(2)
Restrictions	12	(1)
Cascading Submenus in Menus	12	(6)
Shortcut and Context Menus	18	(4)
Submenus	22	(1)
Loading Menus	23	(4)
Partial Menus	27	(5)
Accelerator Keys	32	(2)
Toolbars	34	(4)
Menu-Specific Help	38	(1)
Customizing the Toolbars	39
AutoLISP
About AutoLISP	1	(1)
Mathematical Operations	2	(2)
Incremented, Decremented, and Absolute Numbers	4	(1)
Trigonometric Functions	4	(2)
Relational Statements	6	(2)
defun, setq, getpoint, and Command Functions	8	(5)
Loading an AutoLISP Program	13	(3)
getcorner, getdist, and setvar Functions	16	(4)
list Function	20	(1)
car, cdr, and cadr Functions	20	(2)
graphscr, textscr, princ, and terpri Functions	22	(4)
getangle and getorient Functions	26	(2)
getint, getreal, getstring, and getvar Functions	28	(2)
polar and sqrt Functions	30	(3)
itoa, rtos, strcase, and prompt Functions	33	(5)
Flowcharts	38	(1)
Conditional Functions	38
Visual Basic
About Visual Basic	1	(1)
Add Method	2	(1)
AddCircle	3	(1)
AddLine	3	(1)
AddArc	4	(1)
AddText	4	(1)
Finding Help on Methods and Properties	4	(1)
Loading and Saving VBA Projects	5	(5)
GetPoint, GetDistance, and GetAngle Methods	10	(1)
GetPoint Method	10	(1)
GetDist Method	10	(1)
GetAngle Method	10	(3)
PolarPoint and AngleFromXAxis Methods	13	(1)
PolarPoint Method	13	(1)
AngleFromXAxis	14	(2)
Additional VBA Examples	16
Index
Appendices The followings appendices are available on the author's Web site, www.cadcim.com or www.calumet.purdue.edu/public/mets/tickoo/index.htm
Appendix A: System Requirements and AutoCAD Installation
Appendix B: AutoCAD Commands
Appendix C: AutoCAD System Variables