Avoiding Archaeological Disasters: Risk Management for Heritage Professionals

by Stapp,Darby C

• ISBN13: 9781598741612
• ISBN10: 1598741616
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2009-08-31
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

You think it can't happen to you, but it can. One day, months into your construction project, your front end load operator runs into bones and wooden slats. Your county coroner says it is not a crime scene, and refers you to the local archaeology department. The archaeologist tells you that it is a very important discovery. Work stops. Archaeological discoveries happen all the time in the course of projects. Most are manageable, some are less so, and some are mismanaged, wasting time and money. If you are not prepared, the consequences can be disastrous. This book is for project engineers, project managers, construction managers, the staff of affected government agencies, and archaeological consultants. In its pages you receive enough information, enough archaeological perspective, to intelligently work with the various parties involved in your project and avoid an archaeological disaster.

Table of Contents

Illustrations	p. 7
Tables	p. 8
Preface	p. 9
Acknowledgments	p. 11
Disaster of the Superintendent's Path Marking	p. 12
Introduction	p. 13
Why Archaeology?	p. 15
Governmental Oversight	p. 15
Defining Archaeology	p. 17
Avoiding a Problem	p. 21
Organization of the Book	p. 23
The Anatomy of Two Archaeological Disasters	p. 25
The Blaine Wastewater Treatment Facility Expansion Project	p. 26
The Port Angeles Graving Dock	p. 39
Summary	p. 55
Addressing Archaeological Risks during Early Project Planning	p. 57
Obtaining Expertise	p. 58
Initiating Contacts with Stakeholders	p. 63
Identifying Regulatory and Other Requirements	p. 64
Preparing the Initial Archaeological Assessment	p. 65
Summary	p. 69
Implementing Archaeological Measures to Reduce Risks	p. 71
Identifying Important Archaeological Resources in the Project Area	p. 72
Mitigating Effects	p. 74
Archaeological Monitoring during Construction	p. 75
Addressing Inadvertent Discoveries	p. 76
Disseminating Findings	p. 77
Summary	p. 77
The Risk Matrix: A Tool for Managing Archaeological Risks	p. 79
The Archaeological Risk Assessment Process	p. 79
Applying the Matrix	p. 87
The Archaeological Risk Assessment Report	p. 90
Summary	p. 92
Case Studies	p. 93
Disaster on Broadway: The African Burial Ground	p. 94
Disaster on the Missouri: The Yankton Sioux and Their Beloved White Swan	p. 96
Near Disaster on the Columbia: Saving the Manhattan Project Landfill	p. 103
Human Burials	p. 107
The Magnitude of the Problem	p. 107
Why Are Human Remains Important?	p. 108
Issues Surrounding Modern, Historic, and Ancient Cemeteries	p. 108
How to Avoid Burial Grounds	p. 113
What to Do If Burials are Discovered	p. 114
Respect for Human Remains: Sound Risk Management for Projects and for Relationships	p. 116
Guidance from the World Archaeological Congress	p. 118
Principles for Avoiding an Archaeological Disaster	p. 119
Concluding Comment	p. 120
Afterword: Sacramento City Hall Expansion Project: Another Inconvenient Truth	p. 121
World Bank Guidance on Issues Surrounding Cultural Property	p. 123
Professional Archaeological Organizations	p. 127
Selected Ethical Codes from Heritage Management Associations	p. 131
A Global Guide to Heritage Management	p. 137
Glossary: Archaeological, Heritage Resource Management, and Project Management Terms	p. 153
References	p. 163
Index	p. 167
About the Authors	p. 176
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