Basics of Blood Management

by Seeber, Petra; Shander, Aryeh

• ISBN13: 9780470670705
• ISBN10: 0470670703
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-09-17
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

To reduce transfusion-related morbidity and mortality, it is recommended that an integrated approach to blood management is employed using all available tools to reduce a patients exposure to donor blood. Meeting the need for a book covering the concepts of blood management as a trend towards multidisciplinary blood management, this new edition is an important resource, providing healthcare professionals with a tool to develop background knowledge in blood management, its organization, methods and tools. Practicing clinicians will be fully prepared to successfully start and run blood management programs.

Author Biography

Dr Petra Seeber, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, Pain Management and Emergency Medicine, HELIOS Klinik, Blankenhain, Germany.

Aryeh Shander, MD, is Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Surgery at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City, Chief, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ.
Dr Shander lectures nationally and internationally on a variety of topics relating to blood conservation, volume resuscitation, acute anemia therapy, surgical blood management, acute normovolemic hemodilution and bloodless medicine and surgery. His publications have appeared in The Lancet, the journal Transfusion, and Transfusion Alternatives in Transfusion Medicine, for which he serves in Editorial and Scientific Boards.
He serves as Chief Executive Officer of the Society for the Advancement of Blood Management and is Fellow of the American College of Critical Care Medicine and the American College of Chest Physicians. Dr Schander is a member of the American Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists where he serves on committees, both locally and nationally, and in addition, is a member of the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and a founding member of the American Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists (ASCCA). In 1997 Dr Shander was recommended by Time magazine as one of America's "Heroes of Medicine".

Table of Contents

History and Organization of Blood Management

Blood management as a program

The administrative part

The physician's part

Physiology of Anemia and Oxygen Transport

Regular physiology

Physiology of anemia

Relationship between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption

Practical implications

Anemia Therapy, Part 1 (EPO, NESP and Anabolics)

Erythropoietin in normal erythropoiesis

Erythropoietin as a drug

Novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein (NESP, Darbepoetin)

Anabolic steroids

Fluids

Need for fluid therapy

Basics of volume household and iv fluids

Crystalloid solutions

Colloid solutions

Side effects

Fluids at work

Influence of fluid therapy on blood management

Use of Autologous Blood

Preoperative autologous donation

Hemodilution

Comparison of PAD and ANH

Platelet and Plasmapheresis

Preparation of the Patient for Surgery

History and physical examination

Laboratory and other tests

Plan of care

Preparation

Law, Ethics, Religion and Blood Management

Principles as basis for decision-making in blood management

Principles of bioethics

Human rights and patient's rights

Excursus

Jehovah's Witnesses

Compassionate use

Recombinant Blood Products

Basics of recombinant drugs

Use of recombinant blood proteins in blood management

Comparison of recombinant and plasma-derived blood proteins

Anemia Therapy, Part 2 (Hematinics

Physiology of erythropoiesis and hemoglobin synthesis

Iron therapy in blood management

Copper

Vitamin therapy in blood management

Interactions of hematinics

Implications for blood management

Iatrogenic Blood Loss

Causes of iatrogenic blood loss

The role of iatrogenic blood loss in blood management

Avoidance of iatrogenic blood loss

Antifibrinolytics, Vitamin K and Estrogens

Antifibrinolytics

Desmopressin

Vitamins of the K-Group

Conjugated estrogens and other hormones

Other hemostatic drugs

Surgery: They Physics of Hemostasis

Basics of surgical techniques

Surgical tools

Methods to achieve hemostasis and to avoid undue blood loss

Positioning

Methods for surgical cutting

Cell Salvage

Cell savers

Advantages of cell salvage

Practical considerations for cell salvage

Risks and side effects of cell salvage

Concerns: how to overcome contraindications

Indications for cell salvage

Cell salvage and concomitant diseases

Tranfusions, Part A (Cellular Components, Plasma)

Why do physicians transfuse?

Ordering blood products

Risks and side effects of transfusions

Outcome measures

Guidelines

Leukoreduction

Massive transfusion

Practical management of transfusion

Levels of evidence/grades of recommendations

Oxygen Therapy

Physics and physiology of oxygen

Oxygen, friend and enemy

Efects of pressurized oxygen on the human body

Normobaric inhalational oxygen therapy

Hyperbaric oxygen

Oxygen in blood management

Artificial Blood Components

Artificial oxygen carriers

Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOC)

Perfluorocarbons (PFC)

Artificial oxygen carriers in blood mangement

Other attempts to make artificial blood components

Transfusions, Part B (Plasma Fractions)

The anatomy of plasma

Plasma fractions

Plasma fractions in blood management

Approaches to reduce the use of plasmatic fractions

Blood Banking

Blood safety

What is test for in blood products and how

Storage and delivery

Whole blood to cellular components

Leukocyte depletion

Bacterial contamination

Plasma fractionation

Pathogen reduction

The interaction of blood banks and clinicians

Cost Considerations

Basics of medical economy

Methods to calculate costs of a medical product or service

Costs of transfusion

Costs of methods to reduce transfusion requirements

Costs of a blood management program

Step by Step to an Organized Blood Management System

Law, ethics, religion, and blood management

Step by step to an organized blood management program

Detailed information

Sources of information for blood management

Program tools and forms

Teaching aids: research and projects

Address book.

Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.