Being For Evaluating the Semantic Program of Expressivism

by Schroeder, Mark

• ISBN13: 9780199534654
• ISBN10: 0199534659
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-08-15
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Expressivism - the sophisticated contemporary incarnation of the noncognitivist research program of Ayer, Stevenson, and Hare - is no longer the province of metaethicists alone. Its comprehensive view about the nature of both normative language and normative thought has also recently been applied to many topics elsewhere in philosophy - including logic, probability, mental and linguistic content, knowledge, epistemic modals, belief, the a priori, and even quantifiers. Yet the semantic commitments of expressivism are still poorly understood and have not been very far developed. As argued within, expressivists have not yet even managed to solve the "negation problem" - to explain why atomic normative sentences are inconsistent with their negations. As a result, it is far from clear that expressivism even could be true, let alone whether it is. Being For seeks to evaluate the semantic commitments of expressivism, by showing how an expressivist semantics would work, what it can do, and what kind of assumptions would be required, in order for it to do it. Building on a highly general understanding of the basic ideas of expressivism, it argues that expressivists can solve the negation problem - but only in one kind of way. It shows how this insight paves the way for an explanatorily powerful, constructive expressivist semantics, which solves many of what have been taken to be the deepest problems for expressivism. But it also argues that no account with these advantages can be generalized to deal with constructions like tense, modals, or binary quantifiers. Expressivism, the book argues, is coherent and interesting, but false.

Author Biography

Mark Schroeder is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Southern California, and author of Slaves of the Passions (OUP). His research ranges broadly across issues closely related to practical reason and metaethics, including on questions about reasons, rationality, normativity, reduction, moral explanations, metaethical expressivism, and the history of ethics. His articles have been published in Ethics, Nous, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Philosophical Studies, Philosophical Perspectives, Philosophers' Imprint, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Oxford Studies in Metaethics, and other journals.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
The Semantic Program of Expressivism
Introduction	p. 3
Expression	p. 16
Expressivists' Problems with Logic
The negation problem	p. 39
Its solution	p. 56
Composition and logic	p. 65
Predicates and quantifiers	p. 76
Descriptive Language
Descriptive language and belief	p. 89
Biforcated attitude semantics	p. 105
Assigning truth-conditions	p. 120
An alternative approach	p. 131
Extensions
Nondescriptivist semantics	p. 151
The limits and costs of expressivism	p. 164
References	p. 188
Index	p. 193
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