Between One and Many : The Art and Science of Public Speaking

by Brydon, Steven R.; Scott, Michael D.

• ISBN13: 9780767408172
• ISBN10: 0767408179
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-07-01
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill College

Table of Contents

Preface

PART I. FOUNDATIONS

1. Everyday Speaking

Personal Reasons for Developing Speaking Skills

Profiles: Accepting the Challenge: Keith Hawkins

Professional Reasons for Developing Speaking Skills

Self-Assessment: How Much Experience Do You Have Speaking?

Public Reasons for Developing Speaking Skills

Considering Diversity: Justice Clarence Thomas Takes On Critics

The Public Speaking Transaction

Speaking Of . . . Words as Symbols

2. Your First Speech

First Things First

Profiles: Speaking with Passion: Jonathan Studebaker

Inventing Your Speech

Organizing Your Speech

Presenting Your Speech

In Their Own Words: Sample Speech Outline: Accident or

Suicide: Driving Without a Seatbelt by Karen Shirk

3. Coping with Speech Anxiety

Physiological Arousal and Speech Anxiety

Self-Assessment: How Anxious Are You About Public Speaking?

Recognizing the Source of Your Anxieties

Controlling the Sources of Your Speech Anxiety

Self-Assessment: What Are the Sources of Your Speech Anxiety?

Techniques for Controlling Anxiety and Arousal

Profiles: An Athlete's Approach to Anxiety: Kristi Yamaguchi

4. Listening

Everyday Importance of Listening

The Nature of Listening • Misconceptions About Listening

Speaking Of . . . Misheard Lyrics • Obstacles to Listening

Considering Diversity: Listening in High- and Low- Context Cultures

Goals of Listening

Self-Assessment: What Is Your Level of Receiver Apprehension?

Techniques to Improve Your Listening Skills

PART II. ADAPTING TO THE AUDIENCE

5. Audience-Focused Speaking: Mastering the Rhetorical Situation

Situations That Demand Public Speaking

In Their Own Words: Remarks Before the Democratic National Convention: Carolyn McCarthy

Goals and the Motivation to Speak Out

Analyzing Your Audience

Profiles: Between Two Cultures: Tomoko Mukawa

Self-Assessment: How Collectivistic or Individualistic Are You?

Considering Diversity: Cultural Variations in Audience Response

Speaking Of . . . Rhetorical Sensitivity

Confronting Constraints

Speech Purposes

6. Ethical Speaking

Basic Ethical Questions

Considering Diversity: Cultural Relativism and Credit

Self-Assessment: When Is It Acceptable to Lie?

Ethical Norms for Public Speakers

Speaking Of . . . Codes of Conduct for Public Speaking

Special Issues for Speakers

Profiles: Truth or Consequences: Joseph Biden

Ethical Norms for Listeners

Ethical Obligations of Speakers and Listeners: A Summary

PART III. PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE

7. Inventing Your Message

Focusing on Your Audience, Topic, and Specific Purpose

Considering Diversity: Cultures on the Web

Profiles: The Importance of Interviewing: Professor Rick Rigsby

Using Your Research

Guide to Source Citations

American Psychological Association (APA) Style

Modern Language Association (MLA) Style

8. Organizing Your Message

Focusing on Your Audience

Organizing the Body of the Speech

Considering Diversity: Organization and Culture

Introducing Your Speech

Profiles: On Writing Comedy: Russ Woody

Concluding Your Speech

Preparing the Formal Outline

Preparing Speaker's Notes

In Their Own Words: Sample Speech Outline: Lake Tahoe by Chalsey Phariss

Overhead Transparencies

9. Language: Making Verbal Sense of Your Message

Language, Perception, and Experience

Language and Audience Diversity

Using Language Effectively

In Their Own Words: "We, the People": Barbara Jordan

Speaking Of . . . Common Irritants Grate on the Ears

Using Language Appropriately

Considering Diversity: How Does Language Marginalize People?

10. Delivery: Engaging Your Audience Nonverbally

Focusing Your Delivery on Your Audience

Nonverbal Characteristics of Delivery

Delivery and the Nonverbal Communication System

Speaking Of . . . Seating Arrangements

Speaking Of . . . Tips for Improving Your Voice

Speaking Of . . . Handling the Q&A

The Functions of Nonverbal Behavior in Delivery

Taking a Proactive Approach

11. Presentational Aids

Why Presentational Aids?

Adapting Presentational Aids to Your Audience

Types of Visual Aids

Materials for Visual Aids

Guidelines for Creating and Using Visual Aids

Audio and Audiovisual Aids

Computer-Assisted Presentational Aids

Speaking Of . . . Murphy's Law

PART IV. CONTEXTS FOR PUBLIC SPEAKING

12. Informative Speaking

Focusing on Your Audience: Adapting to Different Styles of Learning

Six Attributes of Effective Informative Speaking

Putting Theory Into Practice

Forums for Informative Speaking

In Their Own Words: Sample Informative Speech Outline: How to Be a Friend to a Rape Victim by Suzanne Mifsud

13. Persuasive Speaking

Focusing on Your Audience: Assessing the Situation

Speaking Of . . . Does Drug Education Really Work?

The Speaker: Becoming a Modern-Day Opinion Leader

Self-Assessment: How Similar or Dissimilar Are You and Your Audience?

The Message: Persuasion Through Logos

Speaking Of . . . Statistics Versus Examples

Considering Diversity: Culture and Persuasion

The Audience: Persuasion Through Pathos

Persuasive Speaking in Practice

In Their Own Words: Sample Persuasive Speech Outline:

Condemnation to Compassion by Josette Parker

14. Thinking and Speaking Critically

In Their Own Words: The Case Against Firearms by Sarah Brady

The Case of Firearms by J. Warren Cassidy

Critical Thinking and Public Speaking

The Toulmin Model of Argument

Fallacies Associated With Grounds

Fallacies Associated With Claims

Fallacies Associated With Warrants and Backing

Self-Assessment: Uncritical Inference Test

Speaking Of . . . Dittoheads

Fallacies Associated With Qualifiers

Speaking Of . . . Defects of Reasoning: The Fallacies

Answers to "Self Assessment: Uncritical Inference Test”

15. More Everyday Speaking

Speaking Of . . . The Wedding Toast

Reframing: Speaking as Storytelling

Impromptu Speeches: Speaking Without Advance Notice

Leading and Participating in Small Groups

Speaking on Special Occasions

In Their Own Words: Jeraline Singh’s Speech: America!

Speaking on Television

Speaking Of . . . Chatting It Up on TV: Paul Burnham Finney

Appendix A: Student Speeches

Speech of Self-Introduction: Who Am I? by Jonathan Studebaker

Informative Speech: Eating Disorders and Their Warning Signs by Kelli Wells

Persuasive Speech: Fear Is Real Among Freshman Students by Ryland Hill, Jr.

Appendix B: Public Speeches

Remarks, August 19, 1922, by Mary Fisher

Commencement Address by Russ Woody

Glossary

Index

Credits

Each Chapter includes:

Objectives

Key Concepts

Summary

Check Your Understanding: Exercises and Activities

Notes