Biophysical Chemistry

by Allen, James P.

• ISBN13: 9781405124362
• ISBN10: 1405124369
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-09-02
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

This text presents physical chemistry through the use of biological and biochemical topics, examples and applications to biochemistry. It lays out the necessary calculus in a step by step fashion for students who are less mathematically inclined, leading them through fundamental concepts, such as a quantum mechanical description of the hydrogen atom rather than simply stating outcomes. Techniques are presented with an emphasis on learning by analyzing real data. Presents physical chemistry through the use of biological and biochemical topics, examples and applications to biochemistry Lays out the necessary calculus in a step by step fashion for students who are less mathematically inclined Presents techniques with an emphasis on learning by analyzing real data Features qualitative and quantitative problems at the end of each chapter All art available for download online and on CD-ROM

Author Biography

James Allen is a professor at Arizona State University. He has won numerous honors including several study sections with the National Institutes for Health and was selected for Who's Who Among America's Teachers.

Table of Contents

Preface

Basic thermodynamic and biochemical concepts

Fundamental thermodynamic concepts

States of matter

Pressure

Temperature

Volume, mass, and number

Properties of gasesThe ideal gas lawsGas Mixtures

Kinetic energy of gases

Real GasesLiquifying gases for low temperature spectroscopy

Molecular Basis for Life

Cell Membranes

Amino acids

Classification of amino acids by their side chains

DNA and RNA

First law of thermodynamics

Systems

State Functions

First law of thermodynamics

Research Direction: Drug design IWork

Specific heat

Internal energy for an ideal gas

Enthalpy

Dependence of specific heat on enthalpy

Derivative box: State Functions described using partial derivatives

Enthalpy changes of biochemical reactions

Research Direction: Global climate change

Second law of thermodynamicsEntropy

Entropy changes for reversible and irreversible processes

The second law of thermodynamics

Interpretation of entropy

Third law of thermodynamics

Gibbs energy

Relationship between the Gibbs free energy and the equilibrium constant

Research Direction: Drug design IIGibbs free energy for an ideal gas

Using the Gibbs free energy

Carnot cycle and hybrid cars

Derivative box: Entropy as a state function

Research Direction: Nitrogen fixation

Phase diagrams, mixtures and chemical potential

Substances may exist in different phases

Phase diagrams and transitions

Chemical potential

Properties of lipids described using the chemical potential

Research Direction: lipid rafts

Determination of micelle formation using surface tension

Mixtures Raoult's law Osmosis

Research Direction: Protein crystallization

Equilibria and reactions involving protons

Gibbs free energy minimum

Derivative box: Relationship between the Gibbs energy and equilibrium constant

Response of the equilibrium constant to condition changes

Acid-base equilibria

Protonation states of amino acid residues

BuffersBuffering in the cardiovascular system

Research Direction: Proton coupled electron transfer and pathways

Oxidation/reduction reactions and bioenergetics

Oxidation/reduction reactionsElectrochemical cells

The Nernst Equation: Midpoint potentials

Gibbs energy of formation and activity

Ionic strength

Adenosine triphosphate, ATP Chemiosmotic hypothesis

Research Direction: Respiratory chain

Research Direction: ATP synthase

Kinetics and enzymesThe rate of a chemical reaction

Parallel first-order reactions

Sequential first order reactions

Second-order reactions

The order of a reaction

Reactions that approach equilibrium

Activation energy

Research Direction: Electron transfer I: Energetics

Derivative box Derivation of Marcus relationship

Enzymes

Enzymes lower the activation energy

Enzyme mechanisms

Research Directions: Dynamics in enzyme mechanism

Michaelis-Menten mechanism

Lineweaver-Burk equation

Enzyme activity

Research direction: The RNA world

The Boltzmann distribution and statistical thermodynamics

ProbabilityBoltzmann distribution

Partition function

Statistical thermodynamics

Research Direction: Protein folding and prionsPrions

Quantum theory: Introduction and principles

Classical concepts

Experimental failures of classical physics

Blackbody radiationPhotoelectric effectAtomic spectra

Principles of quantum theory

Wave Particle Duality Schrodinger's Equation

Born Interpretation

General approach for solving Schrodinger's equation

Interpretation of quantum mechanics

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

A quantum mechanical world

Research Direction: Schrodinger's cat

Particle in box and tunneling

One-dimensional particle in the box

Properties of the solutions

Energy and wave function Symmetry

Wavelength

Probability

Average or expectation value

Transitions

Research Direction: Carotenoids Two-dimensional particle in a box Tunneling

Research Direction: Probing biological membranes

Research Direction: Electron transfer II: Distance dependence

Vibrational motion and infrared spectroscopy

Simple Harmonic Oscillator: Classical theory

Potential energy for the simple harmonic oscillator

Simple Ha

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