9780415240321

This definitive sourcebook presents more than fifty authoritative new translations of key Islamic texts. Edited and translated by three leading specialists and clearly contextualized for introductory-level students, it illustrates the growth of Islamic thought from its seventh-century origins, through to the end of the medieval period. Eight thematically-organized sections cover the Qur'an and its interpretation, the life of Muhammad, hadîth, law, ritual, mysticism, and Islamic history. Among the selections are Ibn 'Abb's's account of the heavenly journey; al-Taft'z'nî on the uncreatedness of the Qur'an as God's speech; al-F'r'bî' on the faculties of the soul; and extracts from Rûmî's Mathnawî.Classical Islam includes a glossary, extensive bibliography and explanatory prefaces for each text. With many extracts translated here for the first time into English, this is an essential resource for the study of early and medieval Islam and its legacy.

Norman Calder, who died in 1998, was a Senior Lecturer in Arabic at the University of Manchester.

Preface

ix

Acknowledgements

xi

PART ONE Formation and salvation history

1

(94)

1 The Qur'an

3

(13)

1.1 Warning: súrat al-humaza (104), 'The backbiter'

6

(1)

1.2 Falth: súrat al-bayyina (98), 'The clear sign'

7

(1)

1.3 The hereafter: súrat al-nazi at (79), 'The pullers'

8

(2)

1.4 The religion of Islam: a selection from súrat al 'Imran (3), 'The people of 'Imran'

10

(2)

1.5 Legal requirements: a selection from súrat al-tiara a (9), 'The acquittal'

12

(3)

1.6 The birth of Jesus: a selection from súrat Maryam (19), 'Mary'

15

(1)

2 The life of Muhammad

16

(20)

2.1 Muhammad in the Qur'an

16

(3)

2.1.1 Selection from súrat al 'Imran, 'The people of 'Imran' (3)

17

(1)

2.1.2 Selection from súrat al-akhzab, 'The confederates' (33)

17

(1)

2.1.3 Selection from sñrat Muhammad, 'Muhammad' (47)

18

(1)

2.1.4 Selection from súrat al fath, 'Victory' (48)

18

(1)

2.1.5 Súrat al-duha, 'The morning' (93)

18

(1)

2.2 Ibn 'Abbas on the heavenly ascension

19

(8)

2.3 Al-Wagidi on the rald at Bi'r Ma'úna

27

(3)

2.4 Ibn Sa'd on Muhammad's wives

30

(6)

3 Hadith

36

(23)

3.1 Malik ibn Anas, selection from al-Muwatta' on zakat

36

(3)

3.2 Al-Bukhari, selection from al-Sahih on zakat

39

(3)

3.3 Ibn Hajar, commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari on zakat

42

(5)

3.4 Abú Dawúd, selection from al-Surran on zakat

47

(3)

3.5 Ibn Babawayh, selection from Man la yahduruh al fagih on khums

50

(4)

3.6 Al-Kulayni, selection from al-Kaft on temporary marriage

54

(5)

4 Religious history

59

(36)

4.1 Al-Tarafi on Mary, the mother of Jesus

59

(5)

4.2 Al-Tha'labi on Abraha and the expedition of the elephant

64

(9)

4.3 Al-Wahidi on the occasions of revelation of súrat al-bagara (2)

73

(7)

4.4 Ibn 'Atiyya on the collection of the Qur'an

80

(3)

4.5 Al-Suyti I on the assassination of 'Uthman

83

(5)

4.6 Al-Ya'gúbi and al-Mugaddasi on building the Dome of the Rock

88

(2)

4.7 'Umar II and the 'protected people'

90

(5)

PART TWO Elaboration of the tradition

95

(175)

5 Qur'anic interpretation

97

(37)

5.1 Al-Qurtubi on interpretation of the Qur'an

97

(6)

5.2 al-Qummi on Shi'i alternative readings in the Qur'an

103

(2)

5.3 Mugatil ibn Sulayman on súrat al-bayyina (98)

105

(3)

5.4 Al-Farra' on súrat al-bayyina (98)

108

(3)

5.5 Fúrat al-Kúfi on súrat al-bayyina (98)

111

(3)

5.6 Al-Tabani on súrat al-bayyina (98)

114

(5)

5.7 Al-Zamakhshari on súrat al-bayyina (98)

119

(2)

5.8 Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, selections on súrat al-bayyina (98)

121

(7)

5.9 Ihn Kathir on súrat al-bayyina (98)

128

(6)

6 Theology and philosophy

134

(44)

6.1 Abu 'Ubayd on falth

134

(9)

6.2 Al-Nawawi on falth and the divine decree

143

(4)

6.3 Ihn Qutayba on the partisans of theological reasoning

147

(3)

6.4 Al-Ghazali on theological reasoning

150

(2)

6.5 'Abd al-Jabbar on knowledge

152

(3)

6.6 Al-Nasafi and al-Taftazani on God's speech

155

(4)

6.7 Ibn al-Jawu on the edicts of the caliph al-Qadir

159

(4)

6.8 Al-Nawbakhti on the Imamiyya

163

(3)

6.9 Al-Tusi and al 'allama al-Hulli on prophecy

166

(4)

6.10 Al-Farabi on the soul

170

(8)

7 Law and ritual

178

(50)

7.1 Ibn 'Abd al-Barr on the status of the sunna

178

(7)

7.2 Ibn Qudama on the status of the muftahid

185

(7)

7.3 Al-Nawawi on the ranks of muftis

192

(5)

7.4 The fatwas of al-Nawawi

197

(5)

7.5 Ibn Hazm on dispute and variation in law

202

(5)

7.6 Al-Shirazi on the distribution of alms

207

(3)

7.7 Al-Sarakhsi on zakat

210

(5)

7.8 Al-Ttisi on the division of khums

215

(4)

7.9 Al-Muhaggiq al-Hulli on the distribution of zakat

219

(4)

7.10 Nasir-i Khusraw on zakat

223

(5)

8 Sufism

228

(42)

8.1 Al-Ghazah on the path of the Sufis

228

(5)

8.2 Al-Sarraj on the sunna and musical audition

233

(4)

8.3 Abu Nu'aym's biography of al-Basmi

237

(6)

8.4 Al-Qushayri on the term Sufi, Sufi states and satisfaction

243

(5)

8.5 Hujwiri on drunkenness and sobriety

248

(5)

8.6 Rumi and the Mathnawi

253

(9)

8.7 Shah Nimat Allah Wali on the path to union

262

(8)

Glossary-index

270

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Classical Islam : A Sourcebook of Religious Literature

0415240328

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