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9780415266246

Bodies for Sale: Ethics and Exploitation in the Human Body Trade

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780415266246

  • ISBN10:

    0415266246

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2003-06-06
  • Publisher: Routledge

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Summary

The commercial exploitation of the human body is nothing new. Since the 1980s however, concerns have been voiced about the ways in which new biomedical technologies allow us to use the human body for profit. But is this "commodification" of the human body wrong, or do people have a moral right to sell parts of their bodies? Bodies for Saleexplores the philosophical and practical implications of practices such as surrogacy and organ harvesting. Stephen Wilkinson asks what is it that makes some commercial uses of the body controversial, whether such arguments stand up, and whether legislation outlawing such practices is really desirable.

Author Biography

Stephen Wilkinson is Senior Lecturer in ethics and philosophy at Keele University. He has published a number of papers on applied ethics and philosophy, one of which won the 1999 Philosophical Quarterly International Essay Prize.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
Introduction
1(6)
Concepts
1(1)
Practices
2(5)
PART I Concepts
7(92)
Exploitation
9(18)
Introducing exploitation
9(4)
Wrongful use and disparity of value
13(3)
Benefit
16(5)
Use
21(4)
Summary and conclusions
25(2)
Objectification, exploitation, and commodification
27(29)
Objectification
27(1)
Kantian underpinnings
28(5)
Wrongful use exploitation
33(2)
Treating people as ends-in-themselves
35(2)
What's wrong with using people as means?
37(2)
The displacement thesis
39(1)
Using persons, contexts, and relationships
40(4)
Commodification
44(1)
Commodification, fungibility, and dignity
45(4)
Uniqueness
49(3)
Bodies and persons
52(2)
Summary and conclusions
54(2)
Harm
56(16)
Mutually advantageous exploitation?
57(2)
Harm to interests
59(1)
Relevant baselines
60(4)
Omissive harm
64(4)
Moral harm
68(1)
Summary and conclusions
69(3)
Consent
72(10)
Absent consent and defective consent
72(3)
Valid consent
75(3)
Consensual exploitation?
78(2)
Summary and conclusions
80(2)
Coercion
82(17)
Introducing coercion
82(3)
Descriptive or normative?
85(5)
Threats and offers
90(7)
Summary and conclusions
97(2)
PART II Practices
99(123)
Organs for sale
101(33)
Contemporary regulation and practice
104(3)
Harm
107(2)
Altruism
109(7)
Inducements and consent
116(10)
Coercion
126(4)
Exploitation
130(2)
Summary and conclusions
132(2)
Babies for sale?
134(48)
Contemporary regulation and practice
137(6)
Is commercial surrogacy baby selling?
143(6)
The welfare of the child
149(10)
Exploitation
159(4)
Consent
163(11)
Commodification
174(7)
Summary and conclusions
181(1)
Patenting life
182(40)
What are the issues?
183(5)
Biopiracy
188(3)
Contemporary regulation and practice
191(8)
Practical and utilitarian arguments
199(8)
Deontological objections
207(13)
Summary and conclusions
220(2)
Notes 222(25)
Index 247

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