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9780323030304

Health Careers Today

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780323030304

  • ISBN10:

    0323030300

  • Edition: 3rd
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2004-04-12
  • Publisher: Mosby
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Summary

This valuable guide provides an introduction to the basic health care environment and a preview of various popular health careers designed to help students make informed choices based on their interest and their commitment to the educational and professional responsibilities of each health career. It gives students a realistic glimpse of various health careers available today, outlining the roles and responsibilities, levels of education and credentialing, daily functions, and key disorders and assessment tools that are involved. Clear introductory information to approximately 60 health careers is presented, providing an excellent way for students to explore the roles and responsibilities of various health care careers. The book follows the National Health Care Skill Standards, which apply to workers across the entire health care industry. An Anatomy and Physiology unit (Unit 2) clearly presents the structure and function, assessment techniques, disorders, issues, and innovations of the various anatomy and physiology systems so students can see the applications of science in various career settings. Comprehensive career chapters incorporate the skills associated with specific careers into the chapter's discussion so readers can investigate the skills, functions, and issues related to that career. Learning Objectives at the beginning of every chapter give students an idea of what they should get out of the chapter and help them focus on critical information. Lists of Key Terms for each chapter provide definitions of terms that help the reader understand the chapter more clearly. Easy-to-follow Skill Lists in many chapters present step-by-step instructions on how to perform various career or health care related tasks. Figures, boxes, and tables throughout the book highlight important points in an easy-to-read format, often providing details not incorporated in the text discussion. Terminology boxes highlight the most important terminology in the chapter, provide their definitions, and break them into parts to aid in the reader's understanding. Abbreviation boxes list frequently used abbreviations and their meanings to familiarize readers with these abbreviations. Review questions and critical-thinking questions at the end of every chapter help students memorize important facts and apply them to chapter topics. Appendices provide important and practical information that students will need throughout their health care education and career. A new chapter on careers in alternative or complementary therapies and treatments covers careers in Alternative Medical Systems, Mind-Body Interventions, Biological-Based Therapies, Manipulative and Body-Based Methods, and Energy Therapies. Career chapters have been reorganized and broken down into three topics: Careers, Content Instruction, and Performance Instruction so that similar information on careers is available in each chapter. More applications and skills have been added, with critical thinking exercises at the end of every chapter and skill resources in the workbook to further engage students. A separate chapter on Foundational Skills has been added, featuring expanded, more detailed information on the skills. Information on bioterrorism has been added to relevant chapters, and careers associated with bioterrorism are discussed in the chapter on Biotechnology Careers.

Table of Contents

Unit One Core Knowledge
Health Care of the Past, Present, and Future
2(16)
Learning Objectives
2(1)
Key Terms
3(1)
Health Care of the Past
4(2)
Health Care of the Present
6(7)
Health Care of the Future
13(3)
Review Questions
16(1)
Critical Thinking
17(1)
Interpersonal Dynamics and Communication
18(12)
Learning Objectives
18(1)
Key Terms
19(1)
Interpersonal Dynamics
20(4)
Self-Awareness
20(1)
Hierarchy of Needs
21(1)
Personal Health
21(1)
Stress and Time Management
21(2)
Problem Solving
23(1)
Critical Thinking
23(1)
Leadership
24(1)
The Team
24(1)
Communication
24(4)
Verbal Communication
24(3)
Nonverbal Communication
27(1)
Review Questions
28(1)
Critical Thinking
29(1)
Safety Practices
30(14)
Learning Objectives
30(1)
Key Terms
31(1)
Disease Transmission
32(1)
The Infectious Process
32(1)
Infection Control
32(4)
Isolation Precautions
32(2)
Principles of Asepsis
34(2)
OBRA and OSHA Regulations
36(1)
OBRA
36(1)
OSHA
37(1)
Safe Movement
37(3)
Body Mechanics
37(3)
Identifying and Reporting Hazards
40(2)
Fire and Electrical Hazards
40(1)
Hazardous Waste
41(1)
Emergency Disaster Procedures
41(1)
Review Questions
42(1)
Critical Thinking
43(1)
Legal and Ethical Principles
44(12)
Learning Objectives
44(1)
Key Terms
45(2)
Professional Codes of Conduct
47(1)
Malpractice and Liability
48(1)
Confidentiality
48(1)
Patient Rights
48(1)
Legal Directives
48(1)
Health Care and the Internet
49(1)
Documentation
49(5)
Review Questions
54(1)
Critical Thinking
55(1)
Employability Skills
56(20)
Learning Objectives
56(1)
Key Terms
57(1)
Professional Organizations
58(3)
Student Organizations
58(2)
Parliamentary Procedure
60(1)
Career Planning
61(11)
Application
61(2)
Resume
63(1)
Interview
63(4)
Job Satisfaction
67(1)
Resignation
68(4)
Continuing Education
72(2)
Review Questions
74(1)
Critical Thinking
75(1)
Foundation Skills
76(22)
Learning Objectives
76(1)
Key Terms
77(1)
Health Assessment
78(12)
Patient Interview and Examination
78(1)
Vital Signs
79(8)
Physical Assessment
87(3)
Information Exchange
90(5)
Basic Math
90(1)
Military Time
91(1)
Graphing
91(1)
Computer Literacy
92(1)
Medical Terminology
92(2)
Physician Orders
94(1)
Emergency First Aid
95(1)
Cardiac Arrest
95(1)
Review Questions
96(1)
Critical Thinking
97(1)
Wellness, Growth, and Development
98(20)
Learning Objectives
98(1)
Key Terms
99(1)
Wellness and Prevention
100(1)
Nutrition
101(4)
Nutrients
101(1)
Food Groups
102(2)
Calories
104(1)
Diet Therapy
105(1)
Stress Reduction
105(3)
Identifying Stress
105(1)
Stress Theory
106(1)
Stress Management
107(1)
Counseling
107(1)
Habit Cessation
107(1)
Exercise
107(1)
Growth and Development
108(6)
Physical Growth and Development
109(1)
Psychosocial Growth and Development
109(1)
Death and Dying
110(4)
Review Questions
114(1)
Critical Thinking
115(3)
Unit Two Anatomy and Physiology
Body Organization
118(14)
Learning Objectives
118(1)
Key Terms
119(1)
Anatomy and Physiology
120(3)
Cell Structure
120(1)
Tissue Types
121(2)
Body Systems
123(1)
Describing the Body
123(2)
Body Planes
123(1)
Body Cavities
124(1)
Body Regions
124(1)
Cell Function
125(2)
Cell Reproduction
125(1)
Heredity
126(1)
Genetic Disorders
126(1)
Cancer
127(1)
Issues and Innovations
127(3)
Genetic Engineering
127(2)
Cancer Treatments
129(1)
Review Questions
130(1)
Critical Thinking
131(1)
Integumentary System
132(12)
Learning Objectives
132(1)
Key Terms
133(1)
Structure and Function of the Integumentary System
134(2)
Skin
134(2)
Hair and Hair Follicles
136(1)
Glands
136(1)
Nails
136(1)
Assessment Techniques
136(1)
Disorders of the Integumentary System
136(4)
Issues and Innovations
140(2)
Skin and Hair Care
140(1)
Sun and Skin Cancer
140(2)
Review Questions
142(1)
Critical Thinking
143(1)
Cardiovascular System
144(16)
Learning Objectives
144(1)
Key Terms
145(1)
Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System
146(4)
Heart
146(3)
Blood Vessels
149(1)
Path of the Blood Through the Heart
150(1)
Assessment Techniques
150(2)
Pulse
150(1)
Blood Pressure
150(1)
Heart Sounds
151(1)
Cardiac Output
151(1)
Electrocardiogram
151(1)
Echocardiography
152(1)
Cardiac Catheterization
152(1)
Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
152(3)
Issues and Innovations
155(3)
Heart Replacement
155(2)
Cholesterol Controversy
157(1)
Review Questions
158(1)
Critical Thinking
159(1)
Circulatory System
160(16)
Learning Objectives
160(1)
Key Terms
161(1)
Structure and Function of the Circulatory System
162(3)
Blood
162(1)
Red Blood Cells
162(1)
White Blood Cells
163(1)
Platelets
164(1)
Plasma
164(1)
Blood Typing
164(1)
Lymph and Lymphatic Tissues
165(1)
Immunity
166(3)
Assessment Techniques
169(1)
Disorders of the Circulatory System
169(3)
Issues and Innovations
172(2)
Transfusion
172(1)
Interferon
173(1)
Monoclonal Antibodies
173(1)
Review Questions
174(1)
Critical Thinking
175(1)
Respiratory System
176(10)
Learning Objectives
176(1)
Key Terms
177(1)
Structure and Function of the Respiratory System
178(1)
Assessment Techniques
179(2)
Rate
180(1)
Character
180(1)
Sounds
180(1)
Lung Volume
180(1)
Blood Gases
180(1)
Disorders of the Respiratory System
181(2)
Issues and Innovations
183(1)
Tobacco Issues
183(1)
Environmental Health Risks
183(1)
Review Questions
184(1)
Critical Thinking
185(1)
Skeletal System
186(16)
Learning Objectives
186(1)
Key Terms
187(1)
Structure and Function of the Skeletal System
188(2)
Types of Bones
190(5)
Skull
190(1)
Teeth
191(1)
Thorax
192(1)
Vertebral Column
193(1)
Long Bones of the Extremities
194(1)
Bone Markings
195(1)
Joints
195(1)
Assessment Techniques
196(1)
Disorders of the Skeletal System
196(2)
Issues and Innovations
198(2)
Progress in Dental Care
198(1)
Bone Substitutes and Repairs
198(2)
Review Questions
200(1)
Critical Thinking
201(1)
Muscular System
202(12)
Learning Objectives
202(1)
Key Terms
203(1)
Structure and Function of the Muscular System
204(4)
Types of Muscle Tissue
205(1)
Skeletal Muscle
205(1)
Visceral Muscle
206(1)
Cardiac Muscle
207(1)
How Muscles Contract
208(2)
Types of Muscle Contraction
210(1)
Assessment Techniques
210(1)
Disorders of the Muscular System
210(1)
Issues and Innovations
211(1)
Sports Medicine
211(1)
Fitness Fad
211(1)
Review Questions
212(1)
Critical Thinking
213(1)
Digestive System
214(14)
Learning Objectives
214(1)
Key Terms
215(1)
Structure and Function of the Digestive System
216(1)
Organs of the Digestive Process
216(3)
Mouth
216(1)
Pharynx
217(1)
Esophagus
217(1)
Stomach
217(1)
Small Intestine
218(1)
Large Intestine
219(1)
Peritoneum
219(1)
Accessory Organs of the Digestive System
219(1)
Assessment Techniques
220(1)
Radiography
220(1)
Endoscopy
220(1)
Gastric Analysis
220(1)
Fecal Analysis
220(1)
Palpation and Auscultation
220(1)
Disorders of the Digestive System
221(2)
Issues and Innovations
223(3)
Food-Borne Illness
223(1)
Eating Disorders
223(1)
Designer Foods
223(3)
Review Questions
226(1)
Critical Thinking
227(1)
Urinary System
228(12)
Learning Objectives
228(1)
Key Terms
229(1)
Structure and Function of the Urinary System
230(3)
Kidneys
230(1)
Ureters
231(1)
Bladder
231(1)
Urethra
231(2)
Urine Formation
233(1)
Assessment Techniques
233(1)
Urinalysis
233(1)
Other Examinations
234(1)
Disorders of the Urinary System
234(1)
Issues and Innovations
235(3)
Dialysis
235(1)
Kidney Transplant
236(1)
Lithotripsy
236(2)
Review Questions
238(1)
Critical Thinking
239(1)
Endocrine System
240(12)
Learning Objectives
240(1)
Key Terms
241(1)
Structure and Function of the Endocrine System
242(1)
Glands and Their Hormones
243(2)
Hypothalamus
243(1)
Pituitary
243(1)
Pineal Body
244(1)
Thyroid
244(1)
Parathyroid
244(1)
Thymus
244(1)
Pancreas
245(1)
Adrenal Glands
245(1)
Gonads
245(1)
Prostaglandins
245(1)
Hormonal Changes of Puberty
245(1)
Hormonal Changes of Pregnancy
245(1)
Hormonal Changes of Menopause
246(1)
Assessment Techniques
246(1)
Disorders of the Endocrine System
246(2)
Issues and Innovations
248(2)
Steroid Abuse
248(2)
Review Questions
250(1)
Critical Thinking
251(1)
Nervous System
252(16)
Learning Objectives
252(1)
Key Terms
253(1)
Structure and Function of the Nervous System
254(6)
Neuron
256(2)
Neuroglia
258(1)
Synapse
258(1)
Ganglia
258(1)
Plexus and Dermatome
258(1)
Brain
259(1)
Assessment Techniques
260(1)
Disorders of the Nervous System
261(3)
Issues and Innovations
264(2)
Memory Research
264(1)
Parkinson's Correction
265(1)
Review Questions
266(1)
Critical Thinking
267(1)
Sensory System
268(12)
Learning Objectives
268(1)
Key Terms
269(1)
Structure and Function of the Sensory System
270(4)
Eye
270(1)
Ear
271(1)
Tongue
272(1)
Nose
273(1)
Skin
273(1)
Assessment Techniques
274(1)
Sight
274(1)
Hearing
275(1)
Disorders of the Sensory System
275(2)
Issues and Innovations
277(1)
Vision Correction by Surgery
277(1)
Noise Pollution
277(1)
Review Questions
278(1)
Critical Thinking
279(1)
Reproductive System
280(18)
Learning Objectives
280(1)
Key Terms
281(1)
Structure and Function of the Reproductive System
282(2)
Male Organs of Reproduction
283(1)
Female Organs of Reproduction
284(1)
Menstrual Cycle
284(2)
Pregnancy
286(1)
Labor and Delivery
286(1)
Growth and Development
286(1)
Assessment Techniques
287(1)
Disorders of the Reproductive System
288(3)
Issues and Innovations
291(3)
Alternatives in Conception
291(2)
Infertility
293(1)
Redefining the Sexes
293(1)
Review Questions
294(1)
Critical Thinking
295(3)
Unit Three Career Clusters
Laboratory Careers
298(22)
Learning Objectives
298(1)
Key Terms
299(1)
Careers
300(4)
Clinical Laboratory Science
300(3)
Blood Banking
303(1)
Life Science
303(1)
Content Instruction
304(7)
Microbiology
304(2)
Epidemiology
306(3)
Secretions Analysis
309(2)
Defense Systems of the Body
311(1)
Performance Instruction
311(7)
Review Questions
318(1)
Critical Thinking
319(1)
Imaging Careers
320(12)
Learning Objectives
320(1)
Key Terms
321(1)
Careers
322(2)
Medical Imaging
322(2)
Related Imaging Personnel
324(1)
Content Instruction
324(2)
Performance Instruction
326(4)
Review Questions
330(1)
Critical Thinking
331(1)
Nursing Careers
332(24)
Learning Objectives
332(1)
Key Terms
333(1)
Careers
334(2)
Registered Nurse
334(1)
Licensed Practical Nurse
335(1)
Nurse Assistant
335(1)
Content Instruction
336(4)
Fluid Balance
336(1)
Personal Care
336(4)
Unit Maintenance
340(1)
Performance Instruction
340(14)
Review Questions
354(1)
Critical Thinking
355(1)
Medical Careers
356(18)
Learning Objectives
356(1)
Key Terms
357(1)
Careers
358(4)
Physicians
358(2)
Other Medical Care Providers
360(1)
Support Personnel
361(1)
Content Instruction
362(4)
Vision
362(4)
Electrocardiogram
366(1)
Performance Instruction
366(6)
Physical Examination and Treatment
366(4)
Vision Assessment
370(1)
Electrocardiogram
370(2)
Review Questions
372(1)
Critical Thinking
373(1)
Dental Careers
374(18)
Learning Objectives
374(1)
Key Terms
375(1)
Careers
376(3)
Dentist
376(1)
Dental Hygienist
377(1)
Dental Assistant
378(1)
Dental Laboratory Technician
378(1)
Content Instruction
379(4)
Maintaining Dental Health
379(2)
Structures of the Oral Cavity
381(1)
Tooth Formation
381(1)
Structures of the Tooth
381(2)
Types of Teeth
383(1)
Identification of Teeth
383(1)
Performance Instruction
383(7)
Review Questions
390(1)
Critical Thinking
391(1)
Complementary and Alternative Careers
392(10)
Learning Objectives
392(1)
Key Terms
393(1)
Careers
394(3)
Chiropractor
395(1)
Naturopath
396(1)
Other Complementary and Alternative Practitioners
396(1)
Content Instruction
397(1)
Alternative Medical Systems
397(1)
Mind-Body Intervention
398(1)
Biological-Based Therapy
398(1)
Energy Therapy
398(1)
Performance Instruction
398(2)
Review Questions
400(1)
Critical Thinking
401(1)
Veterinary Careers
402(20)
Learning Objectives
402(1)
Key Terms
403(1)
Careers
404(4)
Veterinarian
404(1)
Veterinary Technician
405(1)
Veterinary Assistant
406(1)
Animal Caretaker
407(1)
Animal Breeder
407(1)
Marine Biologist
407(1)
Content Instruction
408(3)
Animals as Pets
408(3)
Animals in Health Care
411(1)
Animal Disorders
411(1)
Performance Instruction
411(9)
Daily Care and Assessment
411(5)
Treatment Techniques
416(4)
Review Questions
420(1)
Critical Thinking
421(1)
Community and Social Careers
422(16)
Learning Objectives
422(1)
Key Terms
423(1)
Careers
424(4)
Community Health Providers
424(3)
Social Care Providers
427(1)
Content Instruction
428(7)
Substance Abuse
428(5)
Public Health Resources
433(2)
Performance Instruction
435(1)
Review Questions
436(1)
Critical Thinking
437(1)
Mental Health Careers
438(10)
Learning Objectives
438(1)
Key Terms
439(1)
Careers
440(2)
Psychiatrist
441(1)
Psychologist
441(1)
Support Personnel
441(1)
Content Instruction
442(2)
Mental Health
442(1)
Mental Hygiene
443(1)
Performance Instruction
444(2)
Restraint
444(1)
Reality Orientation
445(1)
Review Questions
446(1)
Critical Thinking
447(1)
Rehabilitative Careers
448(18)
Learning Objectives
448(1)
Key Terms
449(1)
Careers
450(7)
Physical Therapist
450(2)
Orthotist and Prosthetist
452(1)
Occupational Therapist
453(1)
Athletic Trainer
454(1)
Pharmacist
454(1)
Speech and Language Pathologist
454(1)
Respiratory Therapist
455(1)
Other Rehabilitative Personnel
456(1)
Content Instruction
457(4)
Pharmacology
457(1)
Speech Pathology
458(2)
Hearing
460(1)
Respiratory Therapies
460(1)
Performance Instruction
461(3)
Application of Heat and Cold
461(1)
Crutch Walking
462(1)
Medication Calculations
462(1)
Testing Hearing
462(2)
Review Questions
464(1)
Critical Thinking
465(1)
Emergency Health Careers
466(22)
Learning Objectives
466(1)
Key Terms
467(1)
Careers
468(2)
Emergency Medical Technician
469(1)
Other Emergency Personnel
470(1)
Content Instruction
470(11)
Emergency Procedures
470(1)
Emergency Assessment and Treatment
471(1)
Wounds
471(3)
Burns
474(1)
Poisoning
475(1)
Shock
476(1)
Fractures
476(2)
Temperature Alteration
478(1)
Miscellaneous Injuries
479(1)
Marine Injuries
480(1)
Medical Conditions
481(1)
Performance Instruction
481(5)
Review Questions
486(1)
Critical Thinking
487(1)
Information and Administration Careers
488(20)
Learning Objectives
488(1)
Key Terms
489(1)
Careers
490(9)
Heath Service Managers
490(3)
Support Personnel
493(3)
Medical Records Personnel
496(2)
Health Information and Communication
498(1)
Content Instruction
499(6)
Office Management
499(1)
Records Management
500(3)
Methods of Payment
503(2)
Performance Instruction
505(1)
Review Questions
506(1)
Critical Thinking
507(1)
Environmental Careers
508(20)
Learning Objectives
508(1)
Key Terms
509(2)
Careers
511(6)
Nutrition Services
511(1)
Environmental Control
512(2)
Other Support Service Personnel
514(3)
Content Instruction
517(4)
Environmental Resources and Hazards
517(4)
Performance Instruction
521(5)
Food Preparation
521(2)
Water Analysis
523(1)
Instrument Maintenance
523(3)
Review Questions
526(1)
Critical Thinking
527(1)
Biotechnology Careers
528(34)
Learning Objectives
528(1)
Key Terms
529(1)
Careers
530(3)
Biotechnologist
530(2)
Support Personnel
532(1)
Content Instruction
533(4)
Cell Genetics
533(3)
Techinques of Biotechnology
536(1)
Performance Instruction
537(3)
Electrophoresis
537(3)
Review Questions
540(1)
Critical Thinking
541(1)
Appendixes
I Common Prefixes, Word Roots, and Suffixes
542(8)
II Abbreviations and Symbols
550(10)
III Vitamins and Minerals
560(2)
Glossary 562

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