Building Peace : A History of Movements and Ideas,9780521670005

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Building Peace : A History of Movements and Ideas

by David Cortright

ISBN13:

9780521670005

ISBN10:

0521670004

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

6/2/2008

Publisher(s):

Cambridge University Press

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Summary

Veteran scholar and peace activist David Cortright offers a definitive history of the human striving for peace and an analysis of its religious and intellectual roots. This authoritative, balanced, and highly readable volume traces the rise of peace advocacy and internationalism from their origins in earlier centuries through the mass movements of recent decades: the pacifist campaigns of the 1930s, the Vietnam antiwar movement, and the waves of disarmament activism that peaked in the 1980s. Also explored are the underlying principles of peace - nonviolence, democracy, social justice, and human rights - all placed within a framework of 'realistic pacifism'. Building Peace brings the story up-to-date by examining opposition to the Iraq War and responses to the so-called 'war on terror'. This is history with a modern twist, set in the context of current debates about 'the responsibility to protect', nuclear proliferation, Darfur, and conflict transformation.

Acknowledgments	p. ix
List of abbreviations	p. xi
What is peace?	p. 1
Idealism and realism	p. 2
New wars	p. 4
Defining terms	p. 6
What's in a word?	p. 8
"Pacifist" Japan?	p. 11
Latin American and African traditions	p. 12
Pacifism and "just war"	p. 14
An outline of peace history	p. 16
An overview of peacemaking ideas	p. 18
Movements	p. 23
The first peace societies	p. 25
Stirrings	p. 26
Social origins and political agendas	p. 29
Elihu Burritt: the learned blacksmith	p. 32
The first peace congresses	p. 34
The right of self-determination	p. 35
Universalizing peace	p. 38
The Hague Peace Conference	p. 40
Not enough	p. 43
Toward internationalism	p. 45
Concepts and trends	p. 46
The arbitration revolution	p. 49
A League of Nations	p. 52
Wilson's vision	p. 54
The challenge of supporting the League	p. 58
Outlawing war	p. 62
Facing fascism	p. 67
Peace movement reborn	p. 69
Pledging war resistance	p. 71
Revolutionary antimilitarism	p. 75
The Peace Ballot	p. 76
Against appeasement	p. 79
Imperial failure	p. 81
The neutrality debate	p. 84
The emergency peace campaign	p. 85
Losing Spain	p. 87
The end of "pacifism"	p. 88
Debating disarmament	p. 93
Early reluctance	p. 95
Disarmament to the fore	p. 96
Challenging the "merchants of death"	p. 98
The naval disarmament treaties	p. 100
World disarmament conference	p. 103
The collapse of disarmament	p. 105
Disarmament at fault?	p. 106
Confronting the cold war	p. 109
Creating the United Nations	p. 111
The rise of world federalism	p. 115
Cold war collapse	p. 117
Militarization and resistance in Japan	p. 120
The leviathan	p. 122
Speaking truth to power	p. 123
Banning the bomb	p. 126
The shock of discovery	p. 126
Scientists organize	p. 128
The Baruch plan	p. 131
For nuclear sanity	p. 133
The beginning of arms control	p. 136
Nuclear pacifism in Japan	p. 138
The rise of the nuclear freeze	p. 139
God against the bomb	p. 142
A prairie fire	p. 145
Ferment in Europe	p. 146
Who won?	p. 149
Lessons from the end of the cold war	p. 151
Refusing war	p. 155
Vietnam: a triangular movement	p. 157
Challenging presidents, constraining escalation	p. 159
Social disruption and political costs	p. 162
Resistance in the military	p. 164
The rise of conscientious objection	p. 167
The movement against war in Iraq	p. 170
Winning while losing	p. 174
Countering the "war on terror"	p. 176
Themes	p. 181
Religion	p. 183
Eastern traditions	p. 185
Study war no more	p. 188
Salaam and jihad	p. 190
Christianity	p. 193
Anabaptists and Quakers	p. 195
Tolstoy's anarchist pacifism	p. 197
Social Christianity	p. 199
Catholic peacemaking	p. 200
Niebuhr's challenge	p. 203
Beyond perfectionism	p. 206
The nonviolent alternative	p. 208
A force more powerful	p. 211
Religious roots	p. 213
Action for change	p. 216
Coercion and nonviolence	p. 218
The power of love	p. 220
Spirit and method	p. 222
Two hands	p. 224
A tool against tyranny	p. 227
Courage and strength	p. 229
Democracy	p. 233
Early voices	p. 234
Democracy against militarism	p. 236
Cobden: peace through free trade	p. 237
Kant: the philosopher of peace	p. 240
Human nature	p. 243
For democratic control	p. 246
The Kantian triad	p. 249
The insights of feminism	p. 255
Empowering women	p. 257
Social justice	p. 260
Socialism and pacifism: early differences	p. 262
Convergence	p. 264
The Leninist critique	p. 266
Scientific pacifism	p. 269
Peace through economic justice	p. 270
The development-peace nexus	p. 273
Development for whom?	p. 275
Responsibility to protect	p. 279
Bridging the cold war divide	p. 280
War for democracy?	p. 283
Opposing war, advancing freedom	p. 286
Human rights and security	p. 287
Debating Kosovo	p. 289
The responsibility to protect	p. 292
Peace operations	p. 296
The challenge in Darfur	p. 299
A moral equivalent	p. 302
The belligerence of the masses	p. 304
Peace and its discontents: the Einstein-Freud dialogue	p. 306
Nonmilitary service	p. 307
Nonviolent warriors	p. 310
Transforming conflict	p. 313
Human security service	p. 315
Patriotic pacifism	p. 317
Realizing disarmament	p. 321
From nonproliferation to disarmament	p. 323
The Canberra Commission	p. 325
Sparking the debate	p. 328
"Weapons of terror"	p. 329
What is zero?	p. 331
Realistic pacifism	p. 334
Theory	p. 335
Practice	p. 336
Action	p. 337
Bibliography	p. 340
Index	p. 355
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.