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| Introduction: The Idea of Western Civilization | |
| The First Civilizations | |
| Otzi's Last Meal: Life and Death in Prehistoric Europe | |
| Before Civilization | |
| The Dominance of Culture | |
| Social Organization, Agriculture, and Religion | |
| Mesopotamia: Between the Two Rivers | |
| The Ramparts of Uruk | |
| Tools: Technology and Writing | |
| Gods and Mortals in Mesopotamia | |
| Sargon and Mesopotamian Expansion | |
| Hammurabi and the Old Babylonian Empire | |
| The Gift of the Nile | |
| Tending the Cattle of God | |
| Democratization of the Afterlife | |
| The Egyptian Empire | |
| Religious and Royal Consolidation under Akhenaten | |
| Between Two Worlds | |
| The Hebrew Alternative | |
| A King Like All the Nations | |
| Exile | |
| Nineveh and Babylon | |
| A Closer Look: Discovering the Pharaohs | |
| Documents: The Code of Hammurabi | |
| A Homesick Egyptian | |
| The Kingdom of Israel | |
| Early Greece, 2500-500 B.C.E. | |
| Hecuba and Achilles: The Birth of Greek Civilization | |
| Greece in the Bronze Age to 700 B.C.E. | |
| Islands of Peace | |
| Mainland of War | |
| The Dark Age | |
| Archaic Greece, 700-500 B.C.E. | |
| Ethnos and Polis | |
| Technology of Writing and Warfare | |
| Colonists and Tyrants | |
| Gender and Power | |
| Gods and Mortals | |
| Myth and Reason | |
| Investigation and Speculation | |
| Art and the Individual | |
| A Tale of Three Cities | |
| Wealthy Corinth | |
| Martial Sparta | |
| Democratic Athens | |
| The Coming of Persia and the End of the Archaic Age | |
| A Closer Look: The Agony of Athletics | |
| Documents: Hector and Andromache | |
| The Race of Iron | |
| Two Faces of Tyranny | |
| Classical and Hellenistic Greece, 500-100 B.C.E. | |
| Alexander at Issus: The Spread of Greek Civilization | |
| War and Politics in the Fifth Century B.C.E. | |
| The Persian Wars | |
| Themopylae and Salamis | |
| The Athenian Empire | |
| Private and Public Life in Athens | |
| Pericles and Athens | |
| The Peloponnesian War | |
| Athenian Culture in the Hellenic Age | |
| The Examined Life | |
| Understanding the Past | |
| Athenian Drama | |
| The Human Image | |
| From City-States to Macedonian Empire, 404-323 B.C.E. | |
| Politics After the Peloponnesian War | |
| Philosophy and the Polis | |
| The Rise of Macedon | |
| The Empire of Alexander the Great | |
| The Hellenistic World | |
| Urban Life and Culture | |
| Alexandria | |
| Hellenistic Literature | |
| Art and Architecture | |
| Hellenistic Philosophy | |
| Mathematics and Science | |
| A Closer Look: Technology and Innovation | |
| Documents: The Two Faces of Athenian Democracy | |
| Socrates the Gadfly | |
| Greeks and Barbarians | |
| Alexander Calls a Halt | |
| Early Rome and the Roman Republic, 800-146 B.C.E. | |
| Eternal Rome: From Village to Empire | |
| The Western Mediterranean to 509 B.C.E. | |
| Merchants of Baal | |
| The Western Greeks | |
| Italy's First Civilization | |
| From City to Empire, 509-146 B.C.E. | |
| Latin Rome | |
| Etruscan Rome | |
| Rome and Italy | |
| Rome and the Mediterranean | |
| Republican Civilization | |
| Farmers and Soldiers | |
| The Roman Family | |
| Social Effects of Expansion | |
| Roman Religion | |
| Republican Letters | |
| The Crisis of Roman Virtue | |
| A Closer Look: Hannibal's Elephants | |
| Documents: The Twelve Tables | |
| Polybius Describes the Sack of New Carthage. Cato's Slaves | |
| Imperial Rome, 146 B.C.E.-C.E. 192 | |
| The Altar of Augustan Peace: The Making of the Roman Empire | |
| The Price of Empire | |
| Winners and Losers | |
| Optimates and Populares | |
| The End of the Republic | |
| The Crisis of Government | |
| The Civil Wars | |
| A Life Worth Leading | |
| The Augustan Age and the Pax Romana | |
| The Empire Renewed | |
| Augustus's Successors | |
| Religions from the East | |
| Jewish Resistance | |
| The Origins of Christianity | |
| Geographical Tour: A Tour of the Empire | |
| The Western Provinces | |
| The Eastern Provinces | |
| The Culture of Antonine Rome | |
| A Closer Look: A Day in the Pax Romana | |
| Documents: The Reforms of Tiberius Gracchus | |
| Cicero on Justice and Reason | |
| Peter Announces the Good News | |
| The Transformation of The Classical World | |
| A Bride's Trousseau: The Marriage of Christianity and the Classical Tradition | |
| The Crisis of the Third Century | |
| Enrich the Army and Scorn the Rest | |
| An Empire on the Defensive | |
| The Barbarian Menace | |
| Roman Influence in the Barbarian World | |
| The Empire Restored | |
| Diocletian the God-Emperor | |
| Constantine the Emperor of God | |
| The Triumph of Christianity | |
| Imperial Christianity | |
| Divinity, Humanity, and Salvation | |
| The Call of the Desert | |
| Monastic Communities | |
| Solitaries and Hermits | |
| A Parting of the Ways | |
| The Barbarization of the West | |
| The New Barbarian Kingdoms | |
| The Hellenization of the East | |
| A Closer Look: The Stainless Star of Wisdom's Discipline | |
| Documents: Tacitus on the Germans | |
| Religious Toleration and Persecution | |
| Love in the Two Cities | |
| The Classical Legacy in The East: Byzantium and Islam | |
| From Temple to Mosque: The Continuity of Civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean | |
| The Byzantines | |
| Justinian and the Creation of the Byzantine State | |
| Emperors and Individuals | |
| Families and Villages | |
| A Foretaste of Heaven | |
| Iconoclasm | |
| The Rise of Islam | |
| Arabia Before the Prophet | |
| Muhammad, Prophet of God | |
| The Triumph of Islam | |
| The Spread of Islam | |
| The Islamic Conquest | |
| Authority and Government in Islam | |
| Umayyad and 'Abbasid Calphates | |
| Islamic Civilization | |
| The Byzantine Apogee and Decline 1000-1453 | |
| The Disintegration of the Empire | |
| The Conquests of Constantinople and Baghdad | |
| A Closer Look: Harems and Gynaiconites | |
| Documents: The Justinian Code | |
| The Qur'an | |
| An Arab's View of Western Medicine | |
| The West in the Early Middle Ages, 500-900 | |
| The Chapel at the Waters: The Western Empire Reborn | |
| The Making of the Barbarian Kingdoms, 500-750 | |
| Italy: From Ostrogoths to Lombards | |
| Visigothic Spain: Intolerance and Destruction. The Anglo-Saxons: From Pagan Conquerors to Christian Missionaries | |
| The Franks: An Enduring Legacy | |
| Living in the New Europe | |
| Creating the European Peasantry | |
| Rural Households | |
| Creating the European Aristocracy | |
| Aristocratic Lifestyle | |
| Governing Europe | |
| The Carolingian Achievement | |
| Charlemagne and the Renewal of the West | |
| The Carolingian Renaissance | |
| Carolingian Government | |
| Carolingian Art | |
| Geographical Tour: Europe in the Ninth Century | |
| England | |
| Scandinavia | |
| The Slavic World | |
| Muslim Spain | |
| After the Carolingians: From Empire to Lordships | |
| Disintegration of the Empire | |
| Emergence of France and Germany | |
| Cluny | |
| A Closer Look: The Jews in the Early Middle Ages | |
| Documents: Two Missionaries | |
| From Slave to Queen | |
| Charlemagne and the Arts | |
| The High Middle Ages | |
| The Royal Tombs at Fontevrault: A Queen and Her Kings | |
| The Countryside | |
| The Peasantry: Serfs and Freemen | |
| The Aristocracy: Warriors and Heiresses | |
| The Church: Saints and Monks | |
| Crusaders: Soldiers of God | |
| Medieval Towns | |
| Italian Cities | |
| Northern Towns | |
| The Fairs of Champagne | |
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