Clinical Hematology

by Stiene-Martin, E. Anne, Ph.D.; Lotspeich-Steininger, Cheryl A.; Koepke, John A.

• ISBN13: 9780397553211
• ISBN10: 0397553218
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-10-01
• Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Summary

Major clinical textbook/reference for laboratory technology students and practitioners. Previous edition edited by Cheryl A. Lotspeich (c1992). Color plates and halftone illustrations. 58 U.S. contributors. DNLM: Hematologic Diseases.

Table of Contents

PART I Introduction to Hematology	1	(56)
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Clinical Hematology and Safety in the Hematology Laboratory	1	(8)
E. Anne Stiene-Martin
History of Clinical Hematology	1	(1)
Basic Terminology in Hematology	2	(1)
Safety in the Clinical Hematology Laboratory	2	(5)
Chapter Summary	7	(2)
CHAPTER 2 Specimen Collection for Hematology and Hemostasis	9	(11)
Raymond L. Olesinski
Specimen Collection by Venipuncture	9	(5)
Specimen Collection by Capillary Puncture	14	(1)
Specimen Collection From Indwelling Catheters	14	(1)
Specimen Collection for Coagulation Testing	14	(3)
Specimen Preparation for Platelet Function Testing	17	(1)
Defibrinated Specimens	17	(1)
Chapter Summary	17	(3)
CHAPTER 3 Preparation of Blood Films for Examination	20	(16)
Jean Shafer
Manual Blood Film Preparation	20	(5)
Automated Blood Films	25	(1)
Buffy Coat Preparation	25	(2)
Artifacts of Blood Film Preparation	27	(2)
Staining the Blood Film	29	(4)
Troubleshooting Stain Problems	33	(1)
Chapter Summary	34	(2)
CHAPTER 4 Basic Microscopy in Hematology	36	(10)
Barbara A. Smith Michael
Sherry Martin
Lois Lucas
Image Formation in Light Microscopy--The Essentials	36	(2)
The Compound Light Microscope	38	(3)
Types of Light Microscopy	41	(2)
Troubleshooting Problems and Quality Control Preventive Maintenance in Light Microscopy	43	(1)
Chapter Summary	44	(2)
CHAPTER 5 Hematopoiesis and Review of Genetics	46	(11)
Vincent Salvatore Galliocchio
Hematopoietic System Development	46	(1)
Bone Marrow Volume and Anatomy	47	(1)
Stem Cell Theories and Cell Production	48	(2)
Regulation of Stem Cell Development--Growth Factors and Hormones	50	(1)
Essentials of Genetics	51	(3)
Cytogenetics	54	(1)
Chapter Summary	54	(3)
PART II The Erythrocytes	57	(68)
CHAPTER 6 Normal Erythrocyte Production, Physiology, and Destruction	57	(16)
Marian Schwabbauer
Erythrocyte Production	58	(1)
Erythrocyte Maturation	59	(4)
Structure and Physiology of the Mature Erythrocyte	63	(4)
Erythrocyte Destruction	67	(1)
Regulation of Erythropoiesis (Erythrokinetics)	67	(3)
Chapter Summary	70	(3)
CHAPTER 7 Hemoglobin Synthesis and Function	73	(14)
F. Bernhard Ludvigsen
Components of Hemoglobin	73	(1)
Normal Hemoglobin Variants	74	(1)
Hemoglobin Structure and Synthesis	74	(4)
Locations of Hemoglobin During Function and Degradation	78	(1)
Physiologic Characteristics of Hemoglobin	78	(3)
Hemoglobin Derivatives and Their Associated Disorders	81	(2)
Abnormal Heme Synthesis: The Porphyrias	83	(1)
Laboratory Evaluation of Hemoglobin and Iron Availability	84	(1)
Chapter Summary	84	(3)
CHAPTER 8 Morphologic Evaluation of Erythrocytes	87	(19)
Ann Bell
Distribution	87	(1)
Normal Morphology	88	(1)
Size	89	(1)
Shape Variation--Poikilocytosis	90	(7)
Hemoglobin Content	97	(1)
Inclusions	97	(3)
Artifacts	100	(2)
Morphology Reporting	102	(1)
Approaching Erythrocyte Abnormalities on the Unknown Film	103	(1)
Chapter Summary	103	(3)
CHAPTER 9 Quantitative Laboratory Evaluation of Erythrocytes	106	(19)
Tina M. Riedinger
Bernadette F. Rodak
Spectrophotometric Determination of Hemoglobin Concentration (Hemoglobinometry)	106	(4)
Centrifuged Microhematocrit	110	(2)
Correlations and Calculations Based on Erythrocyte Measurements	112	(2)
Reticulocyte Counts	114	(3)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate	117	(3)
Point of Care Testing	120	(2)
Units of Hematologic Measurement	122	(1)
Chapter Summary	122	(3)
PART III Erythrocyte Abnormalities	125	(178)
CHAPTER 10 Introduction to Erythrocyte Abnormalities	125	(14)
Dona D. Knapp
Absolute Versus Relative Erythrocyte Abnormalities	126	(1)
Laboratory Definition of Erythrocyte Abnormalities	126	(1)
Disorders Characterized by Decreased Erythrocyte Concentration	126	(8)
Disorders Characterized by Increased Erythrocyte Concentration	134	(2)
Chapter Summary	136	(1)
Case Studies	136	(3)
CHAPTER 11 Anemias of Bone Marrow Failure and Systemic Disorders	139	(16)
Joyce A. Behrens
Anemias of Bone Marrow Failure	139	(9)
Anemias of Systemic Disorders	148	(3)
Chapter Summary	151	(4)
CHAPTER 12 Anemias of Abnormal Nuclear Development	155	(20)
Cheryl A. Lotspeich-Steininger
Vitamin B(12) and Folate	156	(1)
The Megaloblastic Anemias	157	(3)
Pernicious Anemia	160	(2)
Laboratory Tests for Vitamin B(12) and Folate Deficiency	162	(4)
Other Causes of Acquired Vitamin B(12) Deficiency	166	(1)
Hereditary Vitamin B(12) Deficiency (Imerslund Syndrome)	167	(1)
Folate Deficiency Anemia	167	(1)
Conditions That Cause Both Folate and B(12) Deficiency	168	(1)
Inherited Disorders That Affect DNA Synthesis	168	(1)
Differential Diagnosis of the Megaloblastic Anemias	169	(1)
Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemias	169	(1)
Chapter Summary	170	(5)
CHAPTER 13 Anemias of Abnormal Iron Metabolism and Hemochromatosis	175	(17)
William Koss
Laboratory Tests Useful in Differentiating Disorders of Iron Metabolism	176	(2)
Iron Deficiency Anemia	178	(3)
Anemia of Chronic Disease	181	(1)
Sideroblastic Anemias	182	(3)
Lead Intoxication	185	(1)
Hereditary and Acquired Hemochromatosis Iron Overload	186	(1)
Chapter Summary	187	(5)
CHAPTER 14 Anemias of Abnormal Globin Development--Hemoglobinopathies	192	(25)
Robbi Safko
Genetics of Abnormal Globin Chain Production	193	(1)
Nomenclature	193	(1)
Classification of Hemoglobinopathies	194	(1)
General Laboratory Findings	195	(1)
Most Useful Laboratory Tests for Diagnosing Hemoglobinopathies	195	(6)
Systematic Laboratory Diagnosis of Hemoglobinopathies	201	(1)
Variants Caused by XXX-Chain Substitutions	201	(7)
Multiple Amino Acid Substitutions	208	(1)
XXX-Chain Substitutions	208	(1)
Other Variants	208	(1)
Amino Acid Deletion	209	(1)
Elongation of the Polypeptide Chain	209	(1)
Unstable Hemoglobin Disease	209	(2)
Most Useful Laboratory Tests for Diagnosing Unstable Hemoglobins	211	(1)
The M Hemoglobins	212	(1)
Hemoglobins with Increased Oxygen Affinity	212	(1)
Hemoglobins with Decreased Oxygen Affinity	213	(1)
Chapter Summary	213	(4)
CHAPTER 15 Anemias of Abnormal Globin Development--Thalassemias	217	(24)
J. Lynne Williams
History	217	(1)
Demographics	217	(1)
Definitions and Nomenclature	218	(1)
Genetic Control of Globin Synthesis	218	(1)
Pathophysiology-General Principles	219	(1)
General Laboratory Testing for Thalassemia	220	(1)
XXX-Thalassemia	221	(4)
XXX-Thalassemia	225	(7)
Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin and XXX-Thalassemia	232	(1)
Thalassemia with Abnormal Hemoglobin Variants	232	(1)
Unusual Forms of Thalassemia	233	(1)
Differentiation of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Thalassemia	234	(1)
Most Useful Laboratory Tests for Diagnosing Thalassemia	234	(3)
Special Laboratory Procedures for Diagnosing Thalassemia	237	(1)
Chapter Summary	237	(4)
CHAPTER 16 Introduction to Anemias of Increased Erythrocyte Destruction	241	(11)
Loretta Nemchik
Classification	241	(1)
Sites of Erythrocyte Hemolysis	242	(1)
Erythrocyte Catabolism	243	(2)
Laboratory Findings and Correlations with Disease	245	(3)
Erythrokinetics	248	(1)
Chapter Summary	249	(3)
CHAPTER 17 Hereditary Anemias of Increased Destruction	252	(16)
Dianne M. Hansen
Hereditary Erythrocyte Membrane Abnormalities	252	(7)
Hereditary Erythrocyte Enzymopathies	259	(5)
Hereditary Plasma Constituent Abnormalities	264	(1)
Chapter Summary	265	(3)
CHAPTER 18 Acquired Nonimmune Anemias of Increased Destruction	268	(12)
Susan J. Leclair
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia	268	(6)
Cardiac and Large Vessel Abnormalities	274	(1)
Miscellaneous Extracorpuscular Mechanisms of Injury	274	(1)
Acquired Intracorpuscular Mechanisms of Injury	274	(3)
Acquired Intracorpuscular Defects	277	(1)
Chapter Summary	277	(3)
CHAPTER 19 Acquired Immune Anemias of Increased Destruction	280	(13)
Catherine Sherry
Hemolysis in Acquired Immune Hemolytic Anemia	280	(3)
Alloimmune Hemolytic Anemia	283	(2)
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia	285	(3)
Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia	288	(2)
Chapter Summary	290	(3)
CHAPTER 20 Anemias of Blood Loss	293	(5)
Kathleen M. Mugan
Acute Blood Loss	293	(2)
Chronic Blood Loss	295	(1)
Chapter Summary	296	(2)
CHAPTER 21 Systematic Laboratory Evaluation of Erythrocyte Abnormalities	298	(5)
John A. Koepke
The Physician's Role in the Diagnostic Process	298	(1)
Laboratory Evaluation of Anemia	299	(2)
Epilogue	301	(2)
PART IV The Leukocytes	303	(44)
CHAPTER 22 The Phagocytic Leukocytes--Morphology, Kinetics, and Function	303	(14)
Louann W. Lawrence
Introduction to the Leukocytes	303	(3)
The Neutrophil	306	(5)
The Eosinophil	311	(1)
The Basophil	312	(1)
The Monocyte	313	(1)
Chapter Summary	314	(3)
CHAPTER 23 Immune Leukocytes--Morphology, Kinetics, and Function	317	(14)
F. Sue Allison
Physiologic Characteristics of Lymphocytes	317	(1)
Characterization of Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells	318	(1)
Lymphopoiesis	319	(6)
Lymphokinetics	325	(1)
Function	326	(2)
Chapter Summary	328	(3)
CHAPTER 24 Laboratory Evaluation of Leukocytes	331	(16)
Joan C. Terrell
Manual Leukocyte Counts	331	(5)
Manual Differential Cell Counts	336	(6)
Absolute Eosinophil Counting Procedure	342	(1)
Absolute Basophil Counting Procedure	343	(1)
Considerations in Evaluating Leukocytes From Pediatric Patients	343	(1)
Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) Test	343	(1)
Chapter Summary	344	(1)
Exercises	344	(3)
PART V Leukocyte Abnormalities (Nonmalignant)	347	(26)
CHAPTER 25 Nonmalignant, Reactive Disorders of Leukocytes	347	(17)
Virginia Haigh
E. Anne Stiene-Martin
Neutrophils	348	(4)
Eosinophils	352	(2)
Basophils	354	(1)
Monocytes	354	(1)
Lymphocytes	355	(5)
Leukemoid Reactions	360	(1)
Chapter Summary	361	(3)
CHAPTER 26 Nonmalignant Hereditary Disorders of Leukocytes	364	(9)
Angela B. Foley
Inherited Abnormalities of Granulocyte Morphology	364	(1)
Inherited Abnormalities of Granulocyte Function	365	(2)
Inherited Disorders of the Monocyte--Macrophage System	367	(2)
Inherited Disorders of Immune Leukocytes	369	(1)
Chapter Summary	370	(3)
PART VI Special Hematologic Evaluations	373	(54)
CHAPTER 27 Preparation and Evaluation of Bone Marrow	373	(13)
Karen G. Lofsness
Ella M. Spanjers
Collection of Marrow Specimens	375	(2)
Processing of Specimens	377	(1)
Staining of Specimens	378	(1)
Normal Marrow Cells	379	(2)
Evaluation of Marrow Preparations	381	(2)
Marrow Differential	383	(1)
Preparation of the Final Report	384	(1)
Chapter Summary	384	(2)
CHAPTER 28 Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Transplantation	386	(7)
Lynne H. Lyons
Gary Van Zant
Allogeneic Transplantation of Marrow	386	(1)
Autologous Transplantation	387	(1)
Graft Cryopreservation	387	(1)
Graft Engineering	387	(2)
Laboratory Assessment	389	(1)
Future Development	389	(1)
Chapter Summary	390	(3)
CHAPTER 29 Cytochemistry	393	(7)
Edward S. Rappaport
Barbara J. Helbert
History of Cytochemistry	393	(1)
Factors to Consider Before Initiating Cytochemical Stains	393	(1)
Procedural Summaries	394	(1)
Enzymatic Techniques	394	(2)
Nonenzymatic Techniques	396	(1)
Immunocytochemistry	397	(1)
The Future of Cytochemistry	398	(1)
Chapter Summary	398	(2)
CHAPTER 30 Laboratory Evaluation of Body Fluids	400	(15)
Joy Jarvis Gall
Cerebrospinal Fluid	400	(9)
Serous Fluid	409	(2)
Synovial Fluid	411	(1)
Miscellaneous Fluids	412	(1)
Chapter Summary	413	(2)
CHAPTER 31 Molecular Testing in Hematology	415	(12)
Jennifer K. Morrow
Basic Principles of Molecular Biology	415	(1)
Molecular Testing	416	(5)
Hematologic Applications	421	(2)
Chapter Summary	423	(4)
PART VII Malignant Myeloproliferative Disorders	427	(46)
CHAPTER 32 Introduction to the Hematopoietic Malignancies	427	(3)
E. Anne Stiene-Martin
CHAPTER 33 The Dysmyelopoietic Disorders	430	(12)
Robert V. Pierre
Definition of Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes and Relation to Other Clonal Myeloproliferative Disorders	430	(1)
History of Disease	431	(1)
Pathophysiology	431	(1)
Clinical Presentation	431	(1)
Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Abnormalities	432	(1)
Specific Clinicopathologic Forms of Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes	433	(3)
Survival and Progression to Acute Leukemia	436	(1)
Laboratory Tests Most Useful in the Diagnosis of DMPS	437	(1)
Follow-Up Observations and Treatment	438	(1)
Chapter Summary	439	(3)
CHAPTER 34 Acute Myeloproliferative Leukemia (Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia)	442	(13)
Valerie J. Evans
Definition	442	(1)
Etiology	442	(1)
Classification	443	(7)
Treatment	450	(2)
Chapter Summary	452	(3)
CHAPTER 35 Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders	455	(18)
Irma T. Pereira
General Considerations	455	(1)
Polycythemia Vera	456	(3)
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia	459	(3)
Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia	462	(1)
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia	463	(2)
Essential Thrombocythemia	465	(2)
Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia	467	(1)
Drugs Used in Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders	468	(5)
Chapter Summary
PART VIII Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorders	473	(42)
CHAPTER 36 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias	473	(9)
Anne S. Hobson
Clinical Manifestations	474	(1)
Causes of Death	474	(1)
Laboratory Findings	474	(1)
Classification of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	475	(3)
Effects of Treatment on Laboratory Results	478	(2)
Chapter Summary	480	(2)
CHAPTER 37 Chronic Lymphoproliferative Leukemic Disorders	482	(8)
Rita C. East
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia	482	(2)
Prolymphocytic Leukemia	484	(1)
Hairy Cell Leukemia	485	(1)
Chapter Summary	486	(4)
CHAPTER 38 The Lymphomas	490	(13)
Charles E. Manner
Principal Classifications of Lymphoma	490	(1)
Hodgkin Disease	491	(5)
Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas	496	(3)
Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome	499	(1)
Chapter Summary	500	(3)
CHAPTER 39 Plasma Cell Disorders (Paraproteinemias)	503	(8)
Sandra Sommer
Review of Immunoglobulins	503	(1)
Multiple Myeloma (Plasma Cell Myeloma)	504	(3)
Plasma Cell Leukemia	507	(1)
Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia	507	(1)
Heavy Chain Diseases	508	(1)
Amyloidosis	508	(1)
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Uncertain Significance	509	(1)
Chapter Summary	509	(2)
CHAPTER 40 Systematic Laboratory Evaluation of Leukocyte Abnormalities	511	(4)
John A. Koepke
Reactions and Disorders	511	(1)
Myeloproliferation	511	(1)
Lymphoproliferation	512	(1)
The Physician's Role in the Diagnostic Process	512	(1)
Laboratory Evaluation of Leukocyte Abnormalities	513	(1)
Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Evaluation	513	(1)
Lymph Node Biopsy	514	(1)
PART IX Instrumentation for Hematologic Evaluation	515	(48)
CHAPTER 41 Introduction to Hematologic Automation	515	(4)
E. Anne Stiene-Martin
CHAPTER 42 Multiparameter Hematology Instruments	519	(33)
Mary Ann Dotson
Development of Automated Analyzers	520	(2)
General Principles of Instrument Operation	522	(3)
Principal Instrument Systems	525	(15)
General Considerations	540	(4)
Utilization of Computer Data	544	(3)
Chapter Summary	547	(5)
CHAPTER 43 Flow Cytometry	552	(11)
Jeffrey Louie
John W. Parker
History	552	(1)
Principal Features of Flow Cytometry	552	(3)
Quality Assurance	555	(1)
Clinical Applications	556	(4)
Emerging Applications	560	(1)
Current Use	561	(1)
Chapter Summary	561	(2)
PART X Quality Control and Quality Assurance	563	(36)
CHAPTER 44 Introduction to Quality Control and Quality Assurance in Hematology	563	(16)
John A. Koepke
History of Laboratory Quality Control	564	(1)
Method and Instrument Evaluation and Selection	564	(2)
Concepts and Statistical Methods Used in Quality Control	566	(9)
Components of a Quality Assurance Program	575	(2)
Chapter Summary	577	(2)
CHAPTER 45 Methods to Monitor and Control Systematic Error	579	(12)
Mary Ann Dotson
Calibration	579	(2)
Use of Controls	581	(2)
Quality Control Charts and Their Interpretation	583	(2)
Statistical System for Quality Control	585	(2)
Instrument Maintenance	587	(1)
Troubleshooting Procedures	587	(1)
Quality Control Documentation	587	(1)
Internal Laboratory Monitoring	588	(1)
External Laboratory Monitoring	588	(1)
Chapter Summary	589	(2)
CHAPTER 46 Methods to Monitor and Control Random Error	591	(8)
John A. Koepke
Definition	591	(1)
Quality Control and Random Error	591	(3)
Use of Instrument and Laboratory Information Systems for the Detection of Random Errors	594	(2)
A System for the Detection and Control of Laboratory Errors	596	(1)
Chapter Summary	596	(3)
PART XI Hemostasis	599	(150)
CHAPTER 47 Introduction to Hemostasis	599	(13)
Cheryl A. Lotspeich-Steininger
The Three Hemostatic Components	600	(1)
Concepts of Normal Hemostasis, Hypocoagulation, and Hypercoagulation	600	(1)
Historical Background of Hemostasis	601	(1)
Historical Development of Clinical Hemostasis	601	(1)
The Hemostasis Laboratory Today	601	(1)
Overview of the Hemostatic Mechanism	601	(5)
Basic Terminology for Clinical Findings in Bleeding Disorders	606	(1)
Bleeding Disorders Caused by Vascular Defects	606	(4)
Chapter Summary	610	(2)
CHAPTER 48 Mechanisms of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	612	(23)
Muriel I. Jobe
Hemostasis Overview	612	(1)
The Coagulation Proteins	613	(1)
Coagulation and the Kinin System	613	(2)
Coagulation and the Complement System	615	(1)
The Coagulation Factors	615	(1)
The Coagulation Factor Groups	615	(3)
Phospholipids Contributing to Coagulation	618	(2)
Physiologic Variations of the Coagulation Factors	620	(1)
The Process of Fibrin Clot Formation	620	(3)
The Fibrinolytic System	623	(3)
Inhibitors of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	626	(4)
Chapter Summary	630	(5)
CHAPTER 49 Routine and Special Laboratory Evaluation of Coagulation	635	(15)
Cheryl S. Cook
Reference Ranges	636	(1)
Testing Methodologies	636	(1)
Routine Tests for the Intrinsic and Common Pathways	637	(2)
Routine Tests for the Extrinsic and Common Pathways	639	(1)
Other Routine Tests	639	(1)
Special Tests for Coagulation Proteins or Systems	640	(2)
Inhibitor Studies	642	(1)
Inhibitor Identification and Quantitation	642	(1)
Factor Assays	643	(2)
Regulatory Proteins Assays	645	(1)
Other Special Tests	646	(1)
Chapter Summary	646	(4)
CHAPTER 50 Laboratory Evaluation of Fibrinolysis	650	(7)
Gordon E. Ens
Determination of Lysis Time	650	(1)
Determination of Lysis Products	651	(2)
Determination of Proteins Involved in Lysis	653	(1)
Chapter Summary	654	(3)
CHAPTER 51 Markers of Thrombotic Activity	657	(4)
Gordon E. Ens
Definition and Diagnostic Applications	657	(1)
Thrombin-Antithrombin Complex	657	(1)
Prothrombin Fragment 1.2	658	(1)
Fibrinopeptide A	658	(1)
D-Dimer	659	(1)
Chapter Summary	659	(2)
CHAPTER 52 Hemorrhagic Disorders of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	661	(14)
Margaret C. Schmidt
Inherited Disorders of Coagulation	661	(7)
Acquired Abnormalities of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	668	(4)
Chapter Summary	672	(3)
CHAPTER 53 Disorders Leading to Thrombosis	675	(7)
Gordon E. Ens
Pathophysiology	675	(1)
Primary Disorders Leading to Thrombosis	675	(3)
Secondary Disorders of Thrombosis	678	(2)
Chapter Summary	680	(2)
CHAPTER 54 Laboratory Monitoring of Anticoagulant Therapy	682	(7)
Jamie Siegel
Powers Peterson
Heparin Therapy	682	(2)
Oral Anticoagulants	684	(1)
Antiplatelet Function Therapy	685	(1)
In Vivo Lysis of Thrombi	686	(1)
Chapter Summary	687	(2)
CHAPTER 55 The Megakaryocyte--Platelet System	689	(18)
Robert Rifkin
Megakaryocyte Maturation and Structure	689	(4)
Platelet Structure	693	(4)
Thrombokinetics--Platelet Life Span and Turnover Rate	697	(1)
Platelet Function and Primary Hemostasis	697	(5)
Chapter Summary	702	(5)
CHAPTER 56 Laboratory Evaluation of Platelets	707	(10)
John A. Koepke
Platelet Counting	707	(2)
Evaluation of Platelet Function	709	(4)
Evaluation of Platelets in the Diagnosis of Von Willebrand Disease	713	(2)
Chapter Summary	715	(2)
CHAPTER 57 Quantitative and Qualitative Disorders of Platelets	717	(18)
Gerald L. Davis
Quantitative Platelet Disorders: Thrombocytopenia	717	(9)
Quantitative Platelet Disorders: Thrombocytosis	726	(1)
Qualitative Platelet Disorders: Inherited	726	(3)
Qualitative Platelet Disorders: Acquired	729	(1)
Chapter Summary	730	(5)
CHAPTER 58 Instrumentation and Quality Control in Hemostasis	735	(14)
Ruth Ann Henrikson
Robert A. Van Dyne
Instrumentation for Tests of Hemostasis	735	(4)
Quality Control for Instrument Operation	739	(1)
Quality Control for Hemostasis Testing	739	(4)
Coagulation Point-of-Care Testing	743	(1)
Aggregometry Quality Control	744	(1)
Synthetic Substrates in Tests of Hemostasis	745	(1)
Chapter Summary	746	(3)
APPENDICES	749	(18)
A Answers to Case Studies	749	(14)
B Answers to Review Questions	763	(2)
C Percent Transmittance-Absorbance Conversion Table	765	(1)
D Relative Centrifugal Force Nomograph	766	(1)
Glossary	767	(25)
List of Abbreviations	792	(1)
Index	793