Community Policing

by Brogden; Mike

• ISBN13: 9781843920052
• ISBN10: 1843920050
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2005-04-01
• Publisher: Willan

Summary

Community policing is readily accepted as the new face of policing in the English-speaking world. But its meaning is often unclear in practice. This book provides an accessible and critical introduction to this important topic. It also raises major problems about the enthusiasm for that style of policing. Drawing on materials from Western Eurpoe and from the Pacific Rim, it demonstrates that there are quite different models of community policing available internationally.Further, it critically considers the export drive in which Anglo-American models of community policing are proposed for transitional and failed societies. Using secondary material from many jurisdictions - including case studies on South Africa and Northern Ireland - the text argues that such a style of policing is quite inappropriate in the latter countries and more likely to exacerbate schism than to increase harmony.Community Policing: national and international models approaches breaks new ground in two ways. It demonstrates that there are major problems in the readiness of governments to adopt community policing models. Secondly, it raises major questions within the sociology of development regarding the readiness of governments and international organisations to assume that community policing is an elixir to solve the ills of other societies.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	xi
1 Globalizing community-oriented policing	1	(22)
Introduction	1	(2)
Exporting policing	3	(6)
The globalization of COP	9	(4)
Why community policing?	13	(1)
Preliminary doubts about COP	14	(1)
Outline of the text	15	(8)
Part One Community Policing - Models and Critiques
2 Community-oriented policing - the Anglo-American model	23	(23)
Introduction	23	(1)
Community policing - orthodox origins	24	(1)
A Peelite history	25	(1)
Recent origins	26	(1)
The failure of traditional policing - a conventional view	27	(1)
The research evidence	27	(3)
Police discretion and community policing	30	(3)
Problem-oriented policing	33	(3)
Corporate managerialism and the new policing	36	(2)
The key elements of community policing	38	(2)
Variations in community policing	40	(2)
Crime prevention and community policing	42	(1)
Overview	43	(3)
3 Anglo-American community-oriented policing: ten myths	46	(38)
Introduction	46	(1)
The ten myths of community policing	47	(2)
The myth of the community	49	(3)
The myth of enhanced local accountability	52	(5)
The myth of professional use of enhanced discretion in problem-solving	57	(3)
The myth of the universal relevance of community policing	60	(3)
The myths of police rhetoric — the legitimation function of local crime surveys	63	(3)
The myths of a Peelite history, of crime control and of the technological mistake	66	(4)
The myth of public support for COP	70	(4)
The myth of linking with informal networks of control	74	(2)
The myth of organizational change in COP	76	(3)
The myth of the Anglo-American model — the failure to recognize alternatives	79	(2)
Overview	81	(3)
4 Community policing on the Pacific Rim	84	(23)
Introduction	84	(1)
Community policing in Japan	85	(1)
An orthodox history	86	(2)
The centrality of the koban as a community policing structure	88	(2)
A revisionist view of the koban	90	(3)
Community policing in Singapore	93	(3)
Community policing in China: mobilizing the masses	96	(2)
Integration of civil and state structures	98	(4)
Social change — the rejection of community policing	102	(2)
Overview	104	(3)
5 Aspects of community policing in the European Union	107	(28)
Introduction	107	(3)
Centralized policing systems — adaptation of the Napoleonic inheritance	110	(1)
France — proximity policing and community safety contracts	110	(2)
Proximity policing	112	(1)
Proximity policing and the local security contract	113	(4)
Belgium — policing facing two masters, central state and locality	117	(2)
Italy and Spain	119	(1)
Decentralized systems: the example of the Netherlands	120	(5)
National police systems and community policing the Scandinavian countries	125	(4)
Overview	129	(6)
Part Two Community Policing in Transitional and Failed Societies
6 South Africa — the failure of community policing	135	(25)
Introduction	135	(1)
The imperative for police reform	136	(3)
Community policing — the first steps	139	(2)
Community Police Forums — contradictory goals	141	(1)
Failure of the Community Police Forums	141	(3)
Evaluating the Community Forums	144	(2)
The problem of crime	146	(3)
The policing impediment to reform	149	(3)
The elevation of crime fighting	152	(2)
Private policing for the business class	154	(1)
Overview	155	(5)
7 Community policing in other transitional societies	160	(29)
Introduction	160	(2)
The post-colonial appeal in Africa for community policing	162	(3)
The failure to contextualize community policing	165	(2)
The failure of community policing in Uganda	167	(3)
Importing community policing to South Asia	170	(7)
Community policing elsewhere in transitional Asia	177	(1)
Community policing in Central and South America	178	(7)
Overview	185	(4)
8 Community policing in failed societies	189	(21)
Introduction	189	(4)
The input of community policing	193	(3)
Poland — a case study of failure	196	(2)
The community policing experiment	198	(2)
Overview of the Polish attempt to develop COP	200	(1)
Community policing in South Eastern Europe	201	(6)
Overview	207	(3)
9 A New Beginning? Community policing in Northern Ireland	210	(18)
Introduction	210	(1)
The context — a divided Western society	211	(2)
Policing prior to Patten — conflicting views	213	(3)
The Patten Commission and the proposals for community policing in Northern Ireland	216	(1)
The principles of Patten	217	(1)
The two-tier alternative	218	(2)
The process of Patten	220	(3)
Overview	223	(5)
10 Transforming policing	228	(8)
Introduction	228	(1)
A legal export tradition — 'the West knows best'	229	(3)
The lessons from the export of community policing	232	(1)
Democratic policing	233	(3)
Bibliography	236	(15)
Author index	251	(3)
Subject index	254