Community-Based Health Interventions

by Guttmacher, Sally; Kelly Vana, Patricia; Ruiz-Janecko, Yumary

• ISBN13: 9780787983116
• ISBN10: 078798311X
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-03-01
• Publisher: Jossey-Bass

Summary

Community Based Health Interventions: Principles and Application is a completely modern approach to worst problems in community health: diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, HIV, asthma, and obesity. Following the trend begun by CDC and other agencies, the book takes a proactive and evidence-based approach reducing risk for individuals and communities. In a step by step approach, the book teaches how to design interventions, how to pick methods, how to assess the interventions' effects, and how to identify and address ethical challenges. The book refers constantly to real-world examples from across the US and also includes international examples of public health issues facing our communities today, and what to do about them.Part I of the book covers the fundamentals of interventions: Intervention rationale, Target population, Community setting, Design, Collaborations and partnerships, Political and organizational influence, Evaluation, Ethics, and Resources.Part II of the book covers types of interventions: formative intervention, informational intervention, social/behavioral, and environmental/policy.Most funding for community-based public health efforts is determined by categorical programs. Therefore, part III of the book is organized by major catagories: Type II Diabetes, Cardiovascular disease, obesity, infectious disease, substance abuse, injury and violence, reproductive and sexual health, cancer, and maternal/child healthThe book's web site will include links to databases; links to agency and public health resources; intervention tools; instructor guides, slides, assignments; and additional case examples.

Author Biography

Sally Guttmacher, PhD, is professor of Public Health in the Department of Nutrition, Food Studies and Public Health at New York University. Patricia J. Kelly, PhD, MPH, APRN, is professor at the University of Missouri, School of Nursing. Yumary Ruiz-Janecko, PhD, is a clinical assistant professor of Public Health at New York University.

Table of Contents

Tables, Figure, and Exhibit	p. ix
Preface	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
The Authors	p. xv
Introducing Community-Based Interventions	p. 1
Improving Health in Community Settings	p. 3
Defining Community	p. 4
Ecological Theory and Levels of Prevention	p. 5
A Brief History of Community-Based Health Interventions	p. 11
Community-Based Health Interventions: An Instrument for Change	p. 12
Early Community-Based Health Interventions	p. 15
Assessing the Evidence from Early Community-Based Health Interventions	p. 18
The Evolution of Community-Based Health Interventions	p. 19
Ethical Issues in Community Interventions	p. 25
The Integration of Ethics into Public Health Practice	p. 26
Institutional Review Boards	p. 28
Vulnerable Populations	p. 29
Permission and Consent	p. 30
Protection for Research Participants	p. 33
Ensuring Research Quality	p. 34
Maintaining the Integrity of Research	p. 35
Levels and Types of Community-Based Interventions	p. 39
An Ecological Focus on Types of Prevention	p. 40
Selecting a Goal for the Intervention	p. 42
Examples of Interventions at Different Levels of Prevention	p. 45
Developing the Intervention	p. 51
A Framework for Designing Community-Based Interventions	p. 53
Theoretical Guidance for Health Interventions	p. 54
Examples of Theories Used at the Four Ecological Levels	p. 56
Collecting and Managing Data	p. 65
Data: A Crucial Component of Research	p. 66
Collecting Quantitative Data	p. 67
Collecting Qualitative Data	p. 73
After Data Collection	p. 75
Working Through the Intervention	p. 81
Assessing Community Needs	p. 83
Basic Components of a Community Assessment	p. 84
Strengthening Your Findings	p. 87
Planning a Community-Based Intervention	p. 95
Intervention Content and Format	p. 96
A Logic Model as an Organizing Strategy	p. 101
A Fictional Community Assessment: Adolescent Tobacco Use	p. 104
Implementing a Community-Based Intervention	p. 115
Implementation at the Four Ecological Levels	p. 116
Interventions at the Community or Policy Level	p. 123
Evaluating a Community-Based Intervention	p. 127
Reasons for Evaluation	p. 128
Preparing for an Evaluation	p. 130
Designing the Evaluation	p. 130
Flexibility: An Essential Skill in Evaluation	p. 135
Learning from the Past and Adapting to the Future	p. 137
Funding and Sustainability	p. 139
Financing Community-Based Health Interventions	p. 140
Components of the Proposal for Funding	p. 143
Components of the Budget	p. 150
Continuing and Sustaining an Intervention	p. 155
Implementation Pitfalls	p. 157
Things Happen	p. 158
The Future of Community-Based Health Interventions	p. 165
Adapting Methods of Intervention to Twenty-First-Century Communities	p. 166
A Challenge and an Opportunity for Public Health Practitioners	p. 169
A Limitation of the New Technologies	p. 173
Community-Based Health Interventions in Practice	p. 177
Arthritis	p. 178
Asthma	p. 179
Adult Vaccinations	p. 181
Alcohol Use	p. 182
Cardiovascular Disease	p. 183
Childhood Vaccinations	p. 184
Injuries from Motor Vehicle Accidents	p. 185
Sexual Assault and Relationship Violence	p. 186
Smoking	p. 187
Glossary	p. 191
References	p. 203
Index	p. 211
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