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9780205458844

Contemporary Society: An Introduction to Social Science

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780205458844

  • ISBN10:

    020545884X

  • Edition: 11th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2006-01-01
  • Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
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List Price: $111.80

Summary

This best-selling text offers an integrated social science view of the world, emphasizing that social change is a pervasive reality of our era. One of the main themes of Contemporary Society is that the transition from an industrial to a post-industrial order in the modern world is fraught with difficulties, as was the transition from an agricultural to an industrial order in an earlier human era. This text draws upon sociology, political science, economics, anthropology, geography, history, psychology, and their related disciplines to give students an integrated overview of the social sciences.

Table of Contents

Preface xxi
Through the Lens of Science
1(22)
The Social Sciences
2(1)
The Social World Seen through the Lens of Science
3(1)
The Scientific Method
4(5)
Concepts
5(1)
Theories
5(1)
Research
5(1)
Steps of the Scientific Method
6(2)
The Scientific Spirit: Skepticism, Objectivity, Relativity
8(1)
The Social Science Disciplines
9(6)
Anthropology
9(1)
Economics
10(1)
Box 1.1 Fur or Nakedness, Tools or Diet?
11(1)
Geography
12(1)
History
12(1)
Political Science
12(1)
Psychology
13(1)
Box 1.2 Psychology: How Much of a Science?
13(1)
Sociology
14(1)
Research Methods in the Social Sciences
15(8)
Sample Survey
15(2)
Box 1.3 Consilience
17(1)
Case Study
17(1)
Box 1.4 Collecting Data with a Human Face
18(1)
Participant Observation
19(1)
The Experiment
19(1)
Statistical Analysis
19(1)
The Scientific Method in the Social Sciences
20(1)
The Chapter in Brief
21(1)
Terms to Remember
21(1)
Suggested Readings
22(1)
Web Sites of Interest
22(1)
In the Beginning
23(25)
Box 2.1 An Astrophysicist Views the Cosmos
24(1)
The Beginnings of Life
25(2)
Box 2.2 Creating Life
26(1)
The Emergence of the Theory of Evolution
27(4)
A Revolution in Thought: Darwin and His Theory
29(1)
Natural Selection
29(1)
The Role of Heredity
30(1)
Genetics
31(3)
Population Genetics: Factors for Change
31(3)
Box 2.3 Human Evolution Designed by Humans
34(1)
The Long Trek: Human Evolution
34(6)
Box 2.4 Evolution: Theory or Fact?
35(2)
Split between Chimpanzee and Human Lines
37(1)
Box 2.5 From Fossil to Fossil
38(1)
The Road to Homo Sapiens
38(2)
Homo Sapiens: Modern Humans
40(2)
Agriculture: Cultivation and Domestication
42(1)
The Evolution of Human Nature
43(5)
Biological Foundations
43(1)
Box 2.6 Using Biology to Interpret History
44(1)
The Chapter in Brief
45(1)
Terms to Remember
45(1)
Suggested Readings
46(1)
Web Sites of Interest
47(1)
Culture: Product and Guide to Life in Society
48(25)
Culture: Concept and Importance
50(4)
Biological Predispositions to Culture
51(1)
The Birth of Culture
51(2)
Cultural Evolution and Sociobiology
53(1)
What, Then, Is Culture?
54(1)
The Symbolic Nature of Culture
54(1)
The Necessity of Sharing Symbols
55(1)
Language: The Most Important System of Symbols
55(3)
Does Language Create Reality?
57(1)
The Content of Culture
58(1)
Material Culture
58(1)
Nonmaterial Culture
59(1)
The Components of Nonmaterial Culture: Cognitive and Normative
59(7)
The Normative System
59(3)
Box 3.1 Contradictory American Values
62(1)
Categories of Norms: Folkways, Mores, Taboos, and Laws
63(1)
Box 3.2 From Folkways to Laws
64(1)
The Need for Social Control
64(1)
Overt and Covert, Real and Ideal Norms
65(1)
Traits, Complexes, and Institutions
66(1)
Pivotal Institutions
66(1)
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativity
66(1)
Cultural Differences and Universals
67(6)
Box 3.3 African Genital Rite
68(1)
Subcultures and Countercultures
68(3)
The Chapter in Brief
71(1)
Terms to Remember
71(1)
Suggested Readings
72(1)
Web Sites of Interest
72(1)
Group Interaction: From Two to Millions
73(26)
How Is the Social System Organized and Structured?
74(4)
Elements of Social Structure: Statuses and Roles
75(1)
Statuses: Ascribed and Achieved
76(2)
The Multiplicity of Statuses and Roles
78(3)
Real and Ideal Roles
79(1)
Conflict, Strain, and Confusion in Roles
79(2)
Groups
81(2)
Group Size
82(1)
Primary and Secondary Groups
83(2)
Box 4.1 Being Tall in the Land of the Small
85(1)
Additional Classification of Groups
85(1)
Society
85(4)
Box 4.2 A Glimpse into the Human Past
86(1)
Classification of Societies
86(1)
Classification According to Chief Mode of Subsistence
86(2)
Industrial Societies
88(1)
Classification According to Social Organization
88(1)
Interaction and Social Processes
89(2)
Box 4.3 If Baboons Can Do It, Why Can't We?
90(1)
Formal Organizations
91(3)
Formal Organizations and Institutions Distinguished
91(1)
Characteristics of Formal Organizations
92(1)
Types of Formal Organizations
93(1)
Bureaucracy
94(5)
Dynamic Quality
94(1)
Informal Side of Bureaucracy
95(1)
The Chapter in Brief
95(1)
Terms to Remember
96(2)
Suggested Readings
98(1)
Web Sites of Interest
98(1)
Becoming a Person: The Birth of Personality
99(24)
Box 5.1 The Isolated and/or Feral Child
100(1)
Personality
101(3)
Personality: A Social Product on a Biological Basis
101(2)
Heredity and Environment
103(1)
Becoming Human: Socialization
104(2)
Goals and Functions of Socialization
104(2)
Theories of Socialization
106(1)
The Looking-Glass Self: Cooley
106(1)
The Self in Society: Mead
106(1)
Box 5.2 You Are Who They Say You Are
107(1)
The Self and the Unconscious: Freud
107(1)
The Transitional Self: Erikson
108(1)
Developmental Theories: Piaget
109(1)
Moral Development: Kohlberg
110(1)
Agents of Socialization
110(6)
The Family
110(1)
The School
111(1)
Box 5.3 The Maternal Bond: Its Impact on Personality
112(1)
The Peer Group
113(2)
The Media
115(1)
Occupational Groups
115(1)
Reverse Socialization
115(1)
Resocialization
116(1)
Socialization through the Life Cycle
116(3)
Childhood
116(1)
Adolescence
117(1)
Adulthood
117(2)
Old Age
119(1)
Some Conclusions
119(4)
The Chapter in Brief
120(1)
Terms to Remember
121(1)
Suggested Readings
122(1)
Web Sites of Interest
122(1)
Deviance and Criminality: The Need for Social Control
123(30)
Deviance
124(1)
The Relative Nature of Deviance
125(2)
Functions of Deviance
126(1)
Explaining Deviance
127(3)
Biological Explanations
127(2)
Psychological Explanations
129(1)
Box 6.1 Why Are Humans Killers?
129(1)
Mental Disorders
130(2)
Treatment of Mental Disorders
131(1)
Deviance as Seen from a Sociological Perspective
132(4)
Social Integration and Anomie
132(1)
Merton's Classification of Deviant Behavior
133(1)
Cultural Transmission (Differential Association)
134(1)
Labeling Theory
135(1)
Crime: Deviance That Hurts
136(4)
Classification of Crimes
136(1)
Box 6.2 What Contributes to Crime? How Can We Prevent It?
137(1)
Social Order Crimes or Crimes against Morality
138(2)
Crime Statistics: How Much Crime, and Who Commits It?
140(6)
The Criminal Justice System
146(7)
Imprisonment
147(1)
Recidivism
148(1)
What Price Punishment?
148(1)
The Death Penalty
149(1)
The Chapter in Brief
149(1)
Terms to Remember
150(1)
Suggested Readings
151(1)
Web Sites of Interest
152(1)
The Great Divide: Ranking and Stratification
153(31)
Social Differentiation, Ranking, and Stratification
154(1)
Stratification
155(1)
Box 7.1 American Royalty
155(1)
Theoretical Views on Stratification
156(2)
Structural-Functionalist Perspective
156(1)
Conflict Perspective
157(1)
Dimensions of Stratification: Class, Status, and Power
158(4)
Class
158(2)
Status
160(1)
Box 7.2 Class, Status, and Power in America
160(2)
Power
162(1)
Systems of Stratification
162(2)
The Closed Society: Caste
162(1)
The Estate System
163(1)
The Open Society: Class System
164(1)
Determining Social Class
164(1)
Socioeconomic Status
165(1)
Social Classes in the United States
165(8)
The Upper Classes
165(1)
The Middle Class
166(2)
The Working Class
168(1)
The Poor
168(3)
The Ghetto Poor
171(1)
The Homeless
171(1)
Box 7.3 The Growth of Inequality
172(1)
Social Class and Its Consequences
173(4)
Box 7.4 Welfare: Are We Our Brothers' Keepers?
174(1)
Family Life
174(1)
Child Rearing
175(1)
Education
175(1)
Religion
175(1)
Politics
175(1)
Health
175(1)
Arrest and Conviction
176(1)
Values
177(1)
Social Mobility
177(7)
The Upwardly Mobile: Who Are They?
177(1)
Social Mobility in the United States
177(2)
Global Inequality
179(2)
Box 7.5 World Hunger
181(1)
The Chapter in Brief
181(1)
Terms to Remember
182(1)
Suggested Readings
183(1)
Web Sites of Interest
183(1)
Minority Status: Race and Ethnicity
184(28)
Majority--Minorities Relations: Defining the Terms
185(1)
Common Characteristics of Minorities
185(1)
The Making of a Pluralist Society
186(2)
Ideologies Regarding the Treatment of Minorities
187(1)
Majority and Minorities: Processes of Coexistence
188(2)
In the Way: Obstacles to Pluralism
190(4)
Prejudice
190(1)
Box 8.1 Hate: Prejudice and Discrimination among Castes in India
190(1)
Why Are We Prejudiced?
191(1)
Discrimination
192(1)
Racism
193(1)
Box 8.2 An Ongoing Controversy: Affirmative Action
193(1)
Racial Minorities
194(10)
Native Americans
195(1)
Asian Americans
196(2)
African Americans
198(3)
Hispanic Americans
201(3)
Ethnic and Religious Minorities
204(3)
White Ethnics: Catholics
205(1)
Jewish Americans
206(1)
The New Face of America
207(5)
The Chapter in Brief
208(1)
Terms to Remember
209(1)
Suggested Readings
210(1)
Web Sites of Interest
211(1)
Minority Status: Age, Gender, and Sexuality
212(30)
The Aging Society
213(6)
Theoretical Framework
214(1)
Ageism
214(4)
Box 9.1 The Silver Century
218(1)
Women: Differentiation According to Gender
219(4)
Biological Facts
219(2)
Cultural Differences
221(2)
Sex and Gender Differentiated
223(1)
The Cultural Construction of Gender
223(10)
Traditional Gender Roles
223(2)
Gender Scripts
225(1)
Box 9.2 Women and Science
225(1)
Male Dominance
226(1)
Theories of Gender Role Development
226(3)
Theories of Socialization
229(1)
Agents of Gender Socialization
230(2)
How Can We Change?
232(1)
Box 9.3 Adam's Curse
233(1)
Sexuality
233(9)
Homosexual Behavior
233(1)
Explanatory Theories of Homosexuality
234(1)
Box 9.4 Acquiring a Homosexual Identity
235(1)
Bisexuality
236(1)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
236(2)
The Chapter in Brief
238(1)
Terms to Remember
239(1)
Suggested Readings
240(1)
Web Sites of Interest
241(1)
From the Plow to the Computer: Change, Collective Behavior, and Social Movements
242(28)
Society and Change
244(2)
Box 10.1 The United States: A Century of Change
245(1)
Levels of Change
246(1)
Processes of Social and Cultural Change
246(4)
Social Change: Planning, Reform, Revolution
247(1)
Cultural Change: Innovation and Diffusion
247(2)
The Sources of Change
249(1)
Technology
250(1)
Results of the First Technological Revolution
250(1)
The Industrial Revolution
250(3)
Inventions and Discoveries of the Industrial Revolution
251(1)
Industrialism
252(1)
Technology and Social Change
252(1)
Modernization
253(2)
Learning to Be Modern
253(1)
Box 10.2 One Cost of Modernization: Car Wrecks
254(1)
Collective Behavior
255(6)
Crowds
256(1)
Masses
256(1)
Box 10.3 The Theory of Mass Society
257(1)
Publics and Public Opinion
258(1)
Public Opinion
259(1)
Public Opinion and the Mass Media
259(1)
Propaganda and Censorship
260(1)
Social Movements
261(2)
Types of Social Movements
262(1)
Reformist Movements
262(1)
Revolutionary Movements
263(7)
Factors Encouraging Revolutionary Movements
264(2)
Terrorism
266(1)
The Chapter in Brief
266(1)
Terms to Remember
267(1)
Suggested Readings
268(1)
Web Sites of Interest
269(1)
Population, Urbanization, and Environment
270(33)
Demographic Processes: Dynamics of Population Change
272(5)
Birthrates
272(1)
Death Rates
272(2)
Migration
274(1)
Immigration
274(1)
Internal Migration
275(2)
Characteristics and Composition of a Population
277(3)
Sex Ratio
277(1)
Age Structure
277(3)
Population around the World
280(6)
Malthus and Marx
280(1)
Demographic Transition
281(2)
Zero Population Growth
283(1)
Population Policies
284(2)
The Urban Society
286(1)
Urbanization
286(1)
The Industrial Revolution and the Growth of Cities
287(5)
Urbanism
287(1)
American Cities
288(1)
Box 11.1 Urban Theories
289(1)
Suburbia
290(1)
The Impact of the Consumer Culture on the Growth of Suburbia
290(1)
Suburbia and Social Class
291(1)
Metropolitanization and Megalopolis
292(2)
Megalopolis
292(2)
The Urban Crisis
294(1)
Slums and Ghettos
294(1)
Population Drain
294(1)
Attempts to Reclaim the City
294(2)
Urban Renewal
295(1)
The Future of Cities
295(1)
The Natural Environment
296(7)
The World We Live In
296(1)
The Ecosystem
296(1)
Ecology
297(1)
Disruption of Ecosystems
297(1)
Environmental Pollution
298(2)
The Chapter in Brief
300(1)
Terms to Remember
301(1)
Suggested Readings
301(1)
Web Sites of Interest
302(1)
Pivotal Institutions: Marriage and the Family
303(27)
The Basic Institution: The Family
304(2)
Family Forms
304(1)
Kinship Systems
305(1)
Family Functions
305(1)
Marriage
306(7)
Limitations on Marriage
307(1)
Love and Marriage in America
307(2)
The Stages of Marriage
309(1)
Box 12.1 Arranged Marriages
309(1)
Box 12.2 The Scientific Study of Marriage?
310(1)
The Role of Power in Marriage
311(1)
Changing Marital Patterns
312(1)
Divorce
313(5)
Remarriage
314(1)
Divorce as the New Norm
315(1)
Consequences of Divorce: Wounds That Do Not Heal
315(3)
The New American Family
318(4)
Forms of the New American Family
318(4)
Some Unintended Effects of the Changing American Family
322(8)
Child Care
322(2)
Family Violence
324(1)
Teenage Pregnancy
325(3)
The Chapter in Brief
328(1)
Terms to Remember
328(1)
Suggested Readings
329(1)
Web Sites of Interest
329(1)
Pivotal Institutions: Religion and Education
330(35)
The Great Religions of the World
331(2)
Religion in the Social Sciences
333(3)
Religion as Social Integration
334(1)
A Functionalist View of Religion
334(1)
A Conflict View of Religion
335(1)
Religion and Social Control
336(4)
The Institutional Context
337(1)
Common Features of Religions
337(3)
Religion in America
340(4)
Religiosity in America
340(1)
Religious Affiliation and Social Correlates
341(1)
Religion, Race, and Ethnicity
342(1)
The Sanctification of the American Way of Life
343(1)
Box 13.1 Science and Religion
344(1)
Contemporary Trends
344(3)
Fundamentalism
346(1)
The Electronic Church
347(1)
The Role of Women in Religion
347(1)
Education
347(5)
Education in America
349(1)
The Functionalist View of Education
349(2)
The Conflict View of Education
351(1)
Characteristics of American Education
352(13)
Upward Mobility as a Cure-All for Social Problems
352(1)
Education, Class, and Race
352(4)
Attempts at Making Education Work
356(1)
Box 13.2 Closing the Performance Gap
357(1)
The Role of the Family
357(1)
Box 13.3 Separate and Unequal Again?
358(1)
Higher Education
359(1)
Some Contemporary Issues in Higher Education
360(1)
The Chapter in Brief
361(1)
Terms to Remember
362(1)
Suggested Readings
363(1)
Web Sites of Interest
364(1)
Government: The Institution and the Theories and Ideologies That Underlie It
365(23)
The Institution of Government
366(1)
Government and Politics
366(1)
The Purpose of Government
367(1)
The Functions of Government
367(1)
Political Power: Legitimacy and Authority
367(3)
Legitimacy
368(1)
Authority
368(1)
Types of Legitimate Authority
369(1)
The State
370(3)
Theoretical Views of the State
372(1)
The Nation-State
373(1)
Nationalism
373(1)
The Ideologies behind the Nation-State
374(2)
The Role of Ideology
375(1)
Political Ideology
376(1)
Autocratic Ideologies
376(6)
Authoritarianism
377(1)
Totalitarianism
377(1)
Totalitarianism of the Right: Fascism and Nazism
377(1)
Totalitarianism of the Left: Communism
378(1)
Box 14.1 Communism and the USSR
379(1)
Historical Prediction: The Dialectic
380(1)
Box 14.2 Communism in China
381(1)
Democratic Ideologies: Democracy
382(2)
Democratic Capitalism
383(1)
Socialism
384(4)
Democratic Socialism
384(1)
The Chapter in Brief
385(1)
Terms to Remember
386(1)
Suggested Readings
387(1)
Web Sites of Interest
387(1)
The Government of the United States of America
388(26)
The Constitutional Convention
390(1)
What Is a Constitution?
390(2)
Box 15.1 The Constitutional Convention
391(1)
The Constitution of the United States
392(4)
Federalism
393(1)
Box 15.2 Constitutional Limits and Obligations
393(1)
How Federalism Has Worked
394(1)
Trend toward Centralization
394(1)
The Impact of the Federal Government
395(1)
Separation of Powers
396(2)
How Checks and Balances Work
398(1)
Criticism of the Separation of Powers
398(1)
The Presidency: The Executive Branch
398(4)
The Nature of the Presidency
399(1)
The Roles of the President
400(2)
Congress: The Legislative Branch
402(3)
The Issue of Representation
402(1)
Congressional Committees
403(1)
The Subordinate Role of Congress
404(1)
The Supreme Court: The Judicial Branch
405(5)
Box 15.3 Membership of the 108th Congress: A Profile
405(2)
The Court System
407(1)
Functions of the Judicial System
408(2)
Box 15.4 A President Elected by a Supreme Court Decision
410(1)
The Importance of Limited Government
410(4)
The Chapter in Brief
411(1)
Terms to Remember
412(1)
Suggested Readings
412(1)
Web Sites of Interest
412(2)
We the People: Democracy in Action
414(28)
American Democracy
415(1)
How Is America Governed?
416(3)
Elitism
417(1)
Pluralism
418(1)
Conflict and Consensus
418(1)
A Realistic Democracy
419(1)
Interest Groups
419(6)
Functions of Interest Groups
420(1)
Formation and Growth of Interest Groups
421(1)
Lobbyists
422(1)
Political Action Committees
422(2)
Shortcomings of Interest Groups
424(1)
Political Parties
425(6)
Purpose of Political Parties
426(1)
Functions of Political Parties
426(1)
Features of the American Party System
427(2)
Dealignment or Realignment?
429(1)
The Party System in Decline
429(2)
America: Red and Blue?
431(1)
The High Cost of Campaigning
431(2)
Voting
433(4)
Factors in Voter Turnout
433(1)
Box 16.1 Peculiarities of American Voting: The Electoral College
434(1)
The Nonvoters
434(3)
Box 16.2 Why Americans Are Uninterested in the Political Process
437(1)
Political Opinion Making
437(5)
Public and Political Opinion
438(1)
The Mass Media
438(1)
Sound Bites
439(1)
The Chapter in Brief
440(1)
Terms to Remember
440(1)
Suggested Readings
441(1)
Web Sites of Interest
441(1)
The Economy: Concepts and History
442(28)
The Economic Institution
443(4)
Economic Decision Making
444(1)
Basic Elements of the Economy
444(1)
Factors of Production
445(1)
Economic Choices and Opportunity Costs
446(1)
Limits to Output: The Production Possibilities Frontier
446(1)
Specialization of Labor
446(1)
Trade, Barter, and Money
447(1)
Contemporary Economic Systems: How Choices Are Made
447(1)
Western Economies in Historical Perspective
448(1)
The Birth of Capitalism
448(1)
Aspects of Industrial Capitalism
449(4)
The Corporate Form of Industrial Organization
450(2)
From Competition to Advertising
452(1)
Diversification and Multinationalism
453(1)
The Nature of Work in the Industrial Society
453(3)
Shifting Sectors
454(1)
Box 17.1 Machines: The Next Laborers
455(1)
Professionalization
455(1)
The Corporate Bureaucracy
456(4)
The Executive
456(1)
Middle Management: White-Collar Workers
457(1)
Industrial Workers
457(1)
Box 17.2 Methods of Production: Craft, Mass, and Lean
458(1)
The Factory System
459(1)
The American Labor Movement
460(3)
Collective Bargaining
461(1)
The Labor Movement Today
461(1)
Decline of Unionism
461(2)
American Labor and the Global Economy
463(7)
Box 17.3 Globalism and Its Foes
464(3)
The Chapter in Brief
467(1)
Terms to Remember
468(1)
Suggested Readings
469(1)
Web Sites of Interest
469(1)
Principles of Economic Behavior: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
470(29)
The Small Picture and the Large Picture
470(1)
Market Mechanisms
471(4)
Who Makes Decisions?
471(1)
Who Participates in the Economy?
471(1)
Markets
472(1)
The Circular Flow
472(3)
Market Forces
475(3)
Demand, Supply, and Price
475(1)
Equilibrium and Price Elasticity
476(2)
A Macroview
478(5)
The Public Interest: Socioeconomic Goals
478(1)
Full Employment
479(1)
Desirable Mix of Output
480(1)
High and Equitably Distributed Incomes
480(1)
Reasonable Price Stability
481(1)
Adequate Growth
482(1)
Instruments of Public Policy
483(1)
Fiscal Policy
484(1)
The Function of Price and Employment Stabilizers
484(1)
The Federal Budget
485(1)
Fiscal Decision Making
485(1)
Monetary Policy
485(3)
Banks
486(1)
Interest Rates
487(1)
Regulating Banks
487(1)
The Federal Reserve
488(1)
Incomes Policy
488(1)
Economic Problems and Government Response
489(1)
Depression or Severe Recession
489(1)
Excessive Demand and Inflation
489(1)
Inflation and Unemployment
489(1)
Business Cycles
490(4)
Demand-Side Theories
491(1)
Supply-Side Theories
491(1)
Eclectic Theories
491(1)
Theory and Reality
492(1)
Box 18.1 Old and New Economies
492(2)
Fitting into the Global Economy
494(5)
Box 18.2 Computers and Humans: The New Division of Labor
494(1)
The Chapter in Brief
495(2)
Terms to Remember
497(1)
Suggested Readings
498(1)
Web Sites of Interest
498(1)
Nation among Nations: Perspectives on International Relations
499(34)
Regions of the World
500(11)
Europe
501(1)
The Former Soviet Union
502(1)
The Middle East
503(1)
Asia
504(2)
Pacific Rim
506(1)
Sub-Saharan Africa
506(1)
Latin America
507(3)
Anglo America
510(1)
Other Ways of Classifying States
510(1)
Rich Nations, Poor Nations
510(1)
Interaction among Nations
511(1)
Theoretical Perspectives
511(1)
Realism
511(1)
Contemporary Perspectives
512(1)
Pluralism
512(1)
Globalism
512(1)
Neorealism
513(1)
Participants in the International System
513(3)
Actors in International Relations
513(1)
The State and the Nation
513(1)
Box 19.1 The Emergence of the State
514(1)
Nonstate Actors
515(1)
The Goals of States
516(2)
The Competition of Objectives
517(1)
Means of Achieving Goals: Foreign Policy
518(2)
Types of Foreign-Policy Decisions
519(1)
Goals of American Foreign Policy
520(1)
The Role of Ideology
520(1)
Who Makes Foreign Policy Decisions?
521(1)
Instruments of Foreign Policy
522(3)
The United Nations
522(1)
Foreign Aid
522(1)
Collective Security
523(1)
The Military
523(2)
Propaganda
525(1)
Diplomacy and Diplomats
525(2)
Treaties and Alliances
526(1)
Morality in Foreign Policy
527(1)
Power
527(1)
The Balance-of-Power System
528(5)
The Multipolar System
528(1)
The World Wars
529(1)
The Bipolar System
530(1)
A New Multipolar World
530(1)
The Chapter in Brief
531(1)
Terms to Remember
532(1)
Suggested Readings
532(1)
Web Sites of Interest
532(1)
The Constitution of the United States of America 533(15)
References 548(14)
Photo Credits 562(1)
Index 563

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