Correctional Perspectives

by Alarid, Leanne Fiftal; Cromwell, Paul F.

• ISBN13: 9781891487743
• ISBN10: 1891487744
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-11-01
• Publisher: Roxbury Pub Co

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi
Lucien X. Lombardo
Preface	xiii
About the Editors	xv
About the Contributors	xvi
Part One: Effects of Sentencing Changes
Institutional Crowding
Introduction	3	(3)
Academic Perspective
Challenging Beliefs About Prison Crowding	6	(5)
Gerald G. Gaes
Gaes suggests that prison crowding is rarely the sole cause of serious problems related to prisoner health, violence, recidivism, and prison riots
Practitioner Perspective
A National Study of Correctional Administrators' Views on Prison Crowding	11	(7)
Michael S. Vaughn
Vaughn identifies the factors that correctional administrators believe have contributed to prison crowding and suggests how institutional overpopulation can be reduced
Prisoner Perspective
Report From an Overcrowded Maze	18	(7)
Dannie M. Martin
Peter Y. Sussman
Martin and Sussman link crowding with increased institutional stress, which encourages a climate of increased violence, secretiveness, clique mentality, violence, and deceit
Discussion	22	(1)
Growth in the Number of Women Prisoners
Introduction	23	(2)
Academic Perspective
Examining Trends in Female Incarceration	25	(9)
Meda Chesney-Lind
Chesney-Lind considers whether the cause for the large increase in female prisoners is a change in the nature of female offending or whether it arises from a shift in the criminal justice response to women offenders
Practitioner Perspective
A Prison Superintendent's Perspective on Women in Prison	34	(6)
Elaine Lord
Lord provides details on issues that women face during incarceration and shows how the criminal justice system is responding differently to women offenders, often in misguided ways
Ex-Prisoner Perspective
The War on Drugs and Women Prisoners	40	(14)
Susan Dearing
Dearing shares perspectives from women prisoners and former prisoners to explain how changes in laws and law enforcement have affected the growth of women in prison, and she details the incarceration experience, including the lack of services available in prison
Discussion	48	(3)
Part Two: Treatment of Offenders
Elements of Correctional Rehabilitation
Introduction	51	(3)
Academic Perspective
The Principles of Effective Intervention With Offenders	54	(9)
Paul Gendreau
By analyzing commonalities of effective and ineffective intervention programs, Gendreau examines how far researchers have come since the Martinson study in determining what works in the treatment of prisoners
Practitional Perspective
Essential Elements of the Effective Therapeutic Community in the Correctional Institution: A Director's Perspective	63	(9)
Steven F. Singer
Singer provides a deeper understanding of what has worked at Doin' Time Gettin' Straight, a 9-to-12 month prison-based therapeutic community at Marion Correctional Institution
Prisoner Perspective
Through the Narrow Gate	72	(14)
Calbraith MacLeod
MacLeod discusses the concept of free will by providing details about his past irresponsible and destructive behavior that led to his current prison sentence
Discussion	82	(1)
Medical Treatment: HIV/AIDS in Corrections
Introduction	83	(3)
Academic Perspective
HIV/AIDS and the Correctional System	86	(10)
Douglas S. Lipton
Lipton reviews the concerns about the increasing prevalence and transmission rates of HIV/AIDS within correctional settings
Practitioner Perspective
Women Prisoners With HIV: A Letter From a Prison Doctor	96	(4)
Anne S. De Groot
De Groot shares her experiences working with women prisoners in Massachusetts who are infected with HIV
Prisoner Perspective
`Til Death Do Us Part: The Deadly Game of AIDS in Prison	100	(11)
Antonio A. Gilbreath
Joshua D. M. Rogers IV
Gilbreath and Rogers describe the devastating effects of playing ``The Game.''
Discussion	106	(3)
Part Three: Prison Security Issues
Prison Gangs
Introduction	109	(2)
Academic Perspective
Changes in Prison Culture: Prison, Gangs and the Case of the `Pepsi Generation'	111	(10)
Geoffrey Hunt
Stephanie Riegel
Tomas Morales
Dan Waldorf
Using in-depth interviews of ex-prisoners in California, this selection measures changes in prison life due to the infiltration of prison gangs
Practitioner Perspective
The Meaning of Prison Gang Tattoos	121	(8)
Michael P. Phelan
Scott A. Hunt
Phelan and Hunt examine the meaning of tattoos belonging to La Nuestra Familia, a Latino prison gang with roots in California
Prisoner Perspective
Prison Gangs: Racial Separatism as a Form of Social Control	129	(8)
Victor Hassine
Hassine demonstrates how the existence of prison gangs and racial separatism can actually be beneficial to prison administrators
Discussion	133	(1)
Prison Violence
Introduction	134	(3)
Academic Perspective
The Reproduction of Violence in U.S. Prisons	137	(10)
Michael Welch
Welch introduces various causes and levels of prison violence throughout history
Practitioner Perspective
Violence and Incarceration: A Personal Observation	147	(3)
JoAnne Page
On the basis of 25 years of experience working in prisons and jails, Page concludes that correctional institutions breed anger, violence, and destructiveness
Prison Perspective
Realities of Fear	150	(11)
Mike Rolland
Rolland provides a firsthand account of what the Santa Fe, New Mexico prison riot was like
Discussion	157	(1)
Security Housing Units: Supermax Prisons
Introduction	158	(3)
Academic Perspective
Infamous Punishment: The Psychological Consequences of Isolation	161	(10)
Craig Haney
Haney argues that long periods of social deprivation in security housing units are psychologically harmful
Practitioner Perspective
Attitudes of Prison Wardens Toward Administrative Segregation and Supermax Prisons	171	(10)
Terry L. Wells
W. Wesley Johnson
Rodney J. Henningsen
Wells, Johnson, and Henningsen use responses from a national survey of state prison wardens to report what wardens think about supermax cells and what amenities are provided to prisoners in secure housing units
Prisoner Perspective
It's a Form of Warfare: A Description of Pelican Bay State Prison	181	(7)
John H. Morris III
Morris describes what doing time is like inside Pelican Bay Prison, a supermax facility
Discussion	184	(2)
Women Guarding Men
Introduction	186	(2)
Academic Perspective
Women Corrections Officers in Men's Prisons: Acceptance and Perceived Job Performance	188	(9)
Richard Lawrence
Sue Mahan
Lawrence and Mahan look at officer acceptance, safety, and perceived job performance of women correctional officers working in men's prisons
Practitioner Perspective
Working in a Male-Dominated World: Aggression and Women Correctional Officers	197	(10)
Denise L. Jenne
Robert C. Kersting
Jenne and Kersting discuss the strategies women correctional officers utilize when they respond to volatile situations involving male prisoners
Ex-Prisoner Perspective
Lady Hacks and Gentleman Convicts	207	(16)
Stephen C. Richards
Charles M. Terry
Daniel S. Murphy
Richards, Terry, and Murphy express their view of female correctional officers and other female staff who work in the hyper-masculine environment of the prison
Discussion	217	(4)
Part Four: Special Issues Facing Corrections
Correctional Privatization
Introduction	221	(2)
Academic Perspective
Issues Concerning Private Prisons	223	(10)
David Shichor
Shichor reviews the history of privatization as well as the legal, economic, and management issues, concluding that increases in incarceration will likely encourage the expansion of private prisons
Practitioner Perspective
A Comparison of Job Satisfaction Among Private and Public Prison Employees	233	(7)
Emmitt L. Sparkman
Kevin I. Minor
James B. Wells
Sparkman, Minor, and Wells measure job satisfaction of security and nonsecurity staff employed at both public, state-run facilities and private prisons
Ex-Prisoner Perspective
Six of One, Half-Dozen of the Other: Private Prisons and the Conditions of Confinement Debate	240	(11)
Alan C. Mobley
Mobley considers the unintended consequences of confinement in private prisons
Discussion	247	(1)
Juveniles in Adult Corrections
Introduction	248	(3)
Academic Perspective
The Risks Juveniles Face in Adult Prisons	251	(4)
Jason Ziedenberg
Vincent Schiraldi
Ziedenberg and Schiraldi argue that prison is a dangerous place for juveniles because of the threat of violence through rape, assault, and suicide
Practitioner Perspective
Juveniles in Adult Prisons: Problems and Prospects	255	(7)
Frances P. Reddington
Allen D. Sapp
Reddington and Sapp survey correctional administrators on their concerns regarding the placement of youth into adult correctional facilities
Prisoner Perspective
Maximum-Security Offenders' Attitudes Toward Placing Juveniles in Adult Prisons	262	(10)
Martha L. Henderson
Henderson found that adult prisoners generally did not support placing juvenile offenders in adult prisons
Discussion	268	(1)
On Death Row
Introduction	269	(3)
Academic Perspective
Death Work: A Modern Execution Team	272	(15)
Robert Johnson
Johnson describes the responsibilities and bonds of solidarity of deathwatch team members, an elite group of correctional officers responsible for carrying out prison executions
Practitioner Perspective
Managing Death Row: A Tough Assignment	287	(2)
Morris L. Thigpen
Thigpen explains his personal thoughts and feelings as a witness to eight executions during his position as commissioner of the Alabama Department of Corrections
Prisoner Perspective
Walker's Requiem	289	(15)
Anthony Ross
Ross provides his perspective on what a prisoner might typically experience on his last day just before being put to death in the gas chamber
Discussion	297	(4)
Part Five: Getting Out
Release From Prison: Parole
Introduction	301	(3)
Academic Perspective
The Current State of Parole in America	304	(9)
Norman Holt
Holt considers how parole has changed over the years with the decrease of discretionary release and the change to determinate sentencing
Practitioner Perspective
Perspectives on Parole: The Board Members' Viewpoint	313	(8)
Ronald Burns
Patrick Kinkade
Matthew C. Leone
Scott Phillips
Burns and his colleagues review parole board members' perceptions about serious problems parole boards face, rationale they use when determining whether to release, and improvements over the present parole system that could be made
Prisoner Perspective
Making It in the `Free World': Women in Transition From Prison	321
Patricia O'Brien
O'Brien provides examples of hurdles women prisoners face while on parole
Discussion	329