Counseling Children

by Thompson, Charles L.; Rudolph, Linda B.

• ISBN13: 9780534363277
• ISBN10: 053436327X
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-08-13
• Publisher: Brooks Cole

Summary

Truly unparalleled as a text that translates theory into practice, Charles Thompson and Linda Rudolph's COUNSELING CHILDREN, FIFTH EDITION covers the most practical up-to-date methods that readers can use to develop effective approaches for counseling children. Comprehensive yet not overwhelming, the new edition of this popular book again succeeds at presenting a realistic look at the field of counseling children, as it presents useful strategies and intriguing case studies from actual counseling sessions. Easy-to-read and thoroughly contemporary, the Fifth Edition defines and describes the counseling process, answering questions often asked by first-time counselors. The book gives readers the most practical and up-to-date methods for helping children with developmental, social, or behavioral problems such as fighting, stealing, lying, cheating and shyness; self-destructive behaviors; children in homeless families; suicidal children; children in gangs; children involved in violent behavior; children in satanic cults; and terminally ill children. The book's complete coverage, with its clear presentation, applicable interventions, and references to useful resources on the Internet, makes it an invaluable training tool and ongoing resource--one that is sure to help any reader become a more empathic counselor.

Table of Contents

Part One Introduction to Counseling Children	1	(62)
Chapter 1 Introduction to a Child's World	3	(23)
What Causes Our Children's Problems?	5	(4)
A Changing World	6	(1)
The American Home	7	(1)
Gender Issues Affecting Children	8	(1)
Societal Crises	8	(1)
Changing Values	9	(1)
The Personal World of the Child	9	(8)
A Child's Cognitive World	12	(3)
The Child's World for Social Development	15	(2)
What is Counseling?	17	(2)
How Does Counseling Differ from Psychotherapy?	18	(1)
What Is an Appropriate Working Definition of Counseling?	18	(1)
What Counseling Can Do	19	(3)
What Specific Types of Assistance Can Be Expected from the Counseling Session?	20	(2)
Who Are the Mental Health Professionals?	22	(2)
Websites for Child Counselors	24	(1)
References	25	(1)
Chapter 2 The Counseling Process	26	(37)
Which Approaches to Counseling Are Most Effective?	26	(2)
Classifying Counseling Theories	28	(2)
What Do Effective Counselors Do?	30	(6)
Preparing for the Interview	30	(2)
What Are Some Things to Consider During the First Interview?	32	(3)
First Interview Goals and Observations	35	(1)
A General Model for Counseling	36	(3)
Questions Counselors Ask	39	(21)
What Does the Counselor Need to Know About Counseling Records?	39	(1)
How Much Self-Disclosure Is Appropriate for the Counselor?	40	(1)
What Types of Questions Should the Counselor Use?	41	(2)
How Can Silences Be Used in Counseling?	43	(1)
Should Counselors Give Advice?	44	(1)
Should Counselors Give Information?	45	(1)
How Does the Counselor Keep the Client on Task During the Counseling Session?	45	(1)
What Limits Should Be Set in Counseling?	46	(1)
What About the Issue of Confidentiality?	47	(1)
Is This Child Telling Me the Truth?	48	(1)
What Can Be Done When the Interview Process Becomes Blocked?	48	(1)
When Should Counseling Be Terminated?	49	(1)
How Can Counseling Be Evaluated?	49	(3)
Goal Attainment Score Calculation: Level at Intake	52	(1)
Goal Attainment Score Calculation: Level at Follow-up	53	(1)
How Do Professional Counselors Work with Managed Health Care?	53	(7)
Websites for the Counseling Process	60	(1)
Websites for Information on Managed Care	60	(1)
References	61	(2)
Part Two Counseling Theories and Techniques: Adaptations for Children	63	(294)
Chapter 3 Psychoanalytic Counseling	65	(32)
Sigmund Freud	65	(2)
The Nature of People	67	(3)
Theory of Counseling	70	(7)
Structural Concepts	70	(1)
Dynamic Concepts	71	(1)
Developmental Concepts	72	(3)
Psychosexual Stages	75	(2)
Psychoanalytic Counseling and Development of Self-Esteem	77	(3)
Object Relations Theory	79	(1)
Counseling Methods	80	(7)
Catharsis	81	(1)
Free Association	82	(1)
Interpretation	82	(1)
Analysis of Transference	83	(1)
Analysis of Resistance	84	(1)
Analysis of Incomplete Sentences	84	(1)
Bibliocounseling	85	(1)
Storytelling	86	(1)
Play Therapy and the Expressive Arts	87	(1)
Case Studies	88	(5)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Psychoanalytic Counseling	93	(1)
Psychoanalytic Counseling and Managed Health Care	94	(1)
Summary	94	(1)
Websites for Psychoanalytic Counseling	95	(1)
References	95	(2)
Chapter 4 Reality Therapy	97	(21)
William Glasser	97	(1)
The Nature of People	98	(4)
Choice Theory and the Nature of People	100	(2)
Theory of Counseling	102	(1)
Counseling Method	103	(7)
The Reality Therapy Process	107	(3)
Case Study	110	(2)
The 10-Step Reality Therapy Consultation Model	112	(3)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Reality Therapy	115	(1)
Reality Therapy and Managed Health Care	115	(1)
Summary	116	(1)
Websites for Reality Therapy	116	(1)
References	117	(1)
Chapter 5 Brief Counseling: Solution-Focused and Paradoxical Counseling Strategies	118	(22)
Background	118	(1)
Solution-Focused Brief Counseling	119	(8)
The Nature of People	119	(1)
Theory of Counseling	120	(2)
Counseling Method	122	(1)
Setting Counseling Goals	123	(2)
Using the Miracle Question to Formulate Goals	125	(2)
Case Study	127	(6)
Reviewing the Steps in SFBC	131	(2)
Paradoxical Counseling Strategies	133	(5)
The Nature of People	133	(1)
Theory of Counseling	133	(1)
Counseling Method	134	(1)
Case Studies	135	(1)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Brief Counseling	136	(1)
Brief Counseling and Managed Health Care	137	(1)
Summary	138	(1)
Websites for Brief Counseling	138	(1)
References	138	(2)
Chapter 6 Person-Centered Counseling	140	(22)
Carl Rogers	140	(2)
The Nature of People	142	(1)
Theory of Counseling	142	(2)
Counseling Method	144	(6)
Case Study	150	(2)
Person-Centered Counseling and Development of Self-Esteem	152	(3)
Integrating Self-Concept Activities with the Child's Life	154	(1)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Person-Centered Counseling	155	(3)
Person-Centered Counseling and Managed Health Care	158	(1)
Summary	158	(1)
Websites for Person-Centered Counseling	159	(1)
References	160	(2)
Chapter 7 Gestalt Therapy	162	(23)
Fritz Perls	162	(2)
The Nature of People	164	(2)
Theory of Counseling	166	(1)
Counseling Method	167	(10)
Gestalt Techniques	168	(5)
Gestalt Activities Adapted for Children	173	(4)
Case Studies	177	(2)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Gestalt Therapy	179	(2)
Gestalt Therapy and Managed Health Care	181	(1)
Summary	182	(1)
Websites for Gestalt Therapy	183	(1)
References	183	(2)
Chapter 8 Rational-Emotive-Behavior Therapy and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy	185	(30)
Albert Ellis	185	(1)
The Nature of People	186	(2)
Theory of Counseling	188	(4)
Counseling Method	192	(8)
Rational-Emotive-Behavior Education	197	(3)
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy	200	(2)
Case Study	202	(3)
Applications of CBT	205	(3)
Cross-Cultural Applications of REBT and CBT	208	(1)
REBT/CBT and Managed Health Care	209	(1)
Summary	209	(2)
Websites for Rational-Emotive-Behavior Therapy	211	(1)
References	212	(3)
Chapter 9 Behavioral Counseling	215	(29)
Developers of Behavioral Counseling	215	(2)
The Nature of People	217	(1)
Theory of Counseling	217	(4)
Behavior Analysis	218	(2)
Schedules of Reinforcement	220	(1)
Counseling Goals	221	(1)
Counseling Methods	222	(7)
Contingency Contracts	222	(1)
Self-Management	223	(1)
Shaping	224	(1)
Biofeedback	224	(1)
Modeling	224	(1)
Token Economics	225	(1)
Behavior-Practice Groups	225	(1)
Role-Playing	226	(2)
Counseling Homework Assignments	228	(1)
Assertiveness Training	228	(1)
Classical Conditional Methods	229	(6)
Systematic Desensitization	230	(3)
Flooding	233	(1)
Hypnosis	233	(1)
Counterconditioning	234	(1)
Aversive Conditioning	234	(1)
Case Study	235	(3)
Applications of Behavioral Counseling	238	(2)
Punishment and Response Cost	239	(1)
Eating Disorders	239	(1)
Multimodal Approaches	239	(1)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Behavioral Counseling	240	(1)
Behavioral Counseling and Managed Health Care	240	(1)
Summary	241	(1)
Websites for Behavioral Counseling	242	(1)
References	242	(2)
Chapter 10 Transactional Analysis	244	(30)
Eric Berne	244	(1)
The Nature of People and Theory of Counseling	245	(13)
Structural Analysis	246	(2)
Transactional Analysis	248	(1)
Script Analysis	249	(3)
Game Analysis	252	(1)
Life Positions	253	(1)
Games Clients Play	254	(2)
The Pursuit of Strokes	256	(2)
Rackets	258	(1)
Counseling Method	258	(10)
Case Studies	268	(2)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Transactional Analysis	270	(1)
Transactional Analysis and Managed Health Care	271	(1)
Summary	272	(1)
Websites for Transactional Analysis	272	(1)
References	272	(2)
Chapter 11 Individual Psychology	274	(38)
Alfred Adler	274	(1)
The Nature of People	275	(5)
The Need for Success	277	(1)
Goals of Behavior	277	(1)
Lifestyle	277	(1)
Social Interest	278	(1)
Environment	279	(1)
Theory of Counseling	280	(11)
The Family Constellation	282	(3)
The Family Atmosphere	285	(2)
Goals of Misbehavior	287	(4)
Counseling Method	291	(10)
Early Recollections (ERs)	293	(2)
Interventions for the Four Goals of Misbehavior	295	(6)
Case Study	301	(3)
Adlerian Family Counseling	304	(2)
Parent Education	306	(1)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Individual Psychology	306	(2)
Individual Psychology and Managed Health Care	308	(1)
Websites for Individual Psychology	309	(1)
References	309	(3)
Chapter 12 Family Counseling	312	(45)
How Does Family Counseling Differ from Individual Counseling?	312	(1)
What Defines a Family?	313	(1)
How Does General Systems Theory Relate to Families?	313	(1)
The Systems Approach to Family Therapy	314	(6)
The Spousal Relationship	314	(1)
Detriangulation of Self from the Family Emotional System	315	(4)
Emotional Systems of the Family	319	(1)
Modeling Differentiation	319	(1)
Structural Family Therapy	320	(4)
Salvador Minuchin's Contributions to Structural Family Therapy	321	(3)
Strategic Family Therapy	324	(6)
Paradoxical Interventions	325	(1)
Contributions of Milton Erickson, Jay Haley, and Cloe Madanes to Strategic Family Therapy	326	(4)
The Communications Approach to Family Therapy	330	(3)
John Gottman's Behavioral Interview Method	331	(2)
Virginia Satir's Conjoint Family Therapy	333	(14)
The Nature of People	334	(2)
Theory of Counseling	336	(4)
Counseling Method	340	(1)
An Example of Satir's Method	341	(1)
The Importance of Including Children	341	(2)
Three Keys to Satir's System	343	(1)
Satir's Technique	344	(2)
The Counselor's Role	346	(1)
Case Studies	347	(2)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Family Counseling	349	(1)
Family Counseling and Managed Health Care	350	(1)
Summary	351	(1)
Websites for Family Therapy	352	(1)
Websites for Parenting	353	(1)
References	353	(4)
Part Three Counseling with Children: Special Topics	357	(156)
Chapter 13 Counseling with Children from Different Cultures	359	(14)
Introduction	359	(11)
African American Children	364	(1)
Native American Children	365	(2)
Asian American Children	367	(1)
Latino Children	368	(1)
Biracial Children	369	(1)
Summary	370	(1)
Websites for Counseling Children from Different Cultures	370	(1)
References	370	(3)
Chapter 14 Play Therapy	373	(27)
Play Therapy and Counseling Children	373	(2)
Cross-Cultural Applications of Play Therapy	375	(1)
Theories of Play Therapy	375	(7)
Adlerian Play Therapy	375	(1)
Child-Centered Play Therapy	376	(2)
Cognitive-Behavioral Play Therapy	378	(1)
Ecosystemic Play Therapy	379	(1)
Eriksonian Play Therapy	379	(1)
Gestalt Play Therapy	380	(1)
Jungian Play Therapy	380	(1)
Psychoanalytic Play Therapy	381	(1)
Group Play Therapy	382	(1)
Play Therapy with Families	382	(3)
Dynamic Family Play Therapy	382	(1)
Filial Therapy	383	(1)
Strategic Family Play Therapy	384	(1)
Theraplay	384	(1)
Play Therapy Stages	385	(1)
Play Therapy and Managed Health Care	386	(1)
Play Therapy Media and Strategies	386	(6)
Art	387	(2)
Puppets	389	(1)
Sand	390	(2)
Case Study	392	(2)
Summary	394	(1)
Websites for Play Therapy	395	(1)
References	395	(5)
Chapter 15 Consultation	400	(16)
Historical Perspective and Definition	400	(1)
School and Parent Consultation Model	401	(2)
Mental Health Consultation	403	(2)
Collaborative Consultation	405	(1)
The Consulting Process	406	(2)
Consultation Interventions	408	(2)
Role Shift	408	(1)
Listing of Behaviors	409	(1)
Logical Consequences	409	(1)
Isolation Techniques	409	(1)
Assessment as a Consulting Tool	410	(4)
The Interview	411	(1)
Case Histories	411	(1)
Behavioral Observations	411	(1)
Psychological and Educational Tests	411	(3)
Summary	414	(1)
Websites for Consultation	414	(1)
References	414	(2)
Chapter 16 Group Processes with Children	416	(18)
Introduction	416	(3)
Group Models	417	(1)
Theoretically Oriented Group Counseling	417	(2)
Group Leadership Skills	419	(1)
The Group Counseling Process	419	(9)
Forming a Group	419	(7)
Research on Group Processes with Children	426	(2)
Group Counseling Stages	428	(1)
Group Prevention Processes	429	(1)
Evaluation of Group Meetings	429	(1)
Group Crisis Intervention	430	(2)
Websites for Group Processes with Children	432	(1)
References	432	(2)
Chapter 17 Counseling Children with Special Concerns	434	(44)
Child Abuse	434	(7)
Psychological Maltreatment	436	(1)
Physical Abuse	436	(1)
Child Sexual Abuse	437	(1)
General Counseling Strategies for Working with Abused Children	438	(2)
Children's Memories of Abuse	440	(1)
Children of Divorce	441	(6)
Children in Stepfamilies	447	(2)
Children in Single-Parent Homes	449	(2)
Counseling with Children About Death and Dying	451	(3)
Children in Alcoholic Families	454	(2)
Latchkey Children	456	(1)
Homeless Children	457	(1)
Childhood Depression and Suicide	458	(5)
Children in Satanic Cults	463	(1)
Counseling Children About AIDS	464	(2)
Children, Gangs, and School Violence	466	(7)
Gangs	470	(3)
Websites for Counseling Children with Special Needs	473	(1)
References	473	(5)
Chapter 18 Counseling with Exceptional Children	478	(23)
The Situation of Exceptional Children	478	(4)
Methods for Counseling with Exceptional Children	482	(1)
Categories of Exceptionality	483	(14)
The Gifted Child	484	(2)
Children with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders	486	(2)
The Learning Disabled Child	488	(3)
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD)	491	(2)
The Mentally Retarded Child	493	(2)
The Child with a Physical Disability	495	(1)
Summary	496	(1)
Counseling with Parents of Exceptional Children	497	(1)
Summary	498	(1)
Websites for Counseling with Exceptional Children	499	(1)
References	499	(2)
Chapter 19 Legal and Ethical Considerations for Counselors	501	(12)
Privacy, Confidentiality, and Privileged Communication	502	(4)
Informed Consent	503	(1)
Confidentiality of Files	504	(1)
Confidentiality in Groups	505	(1)
Test Your Ethical Behavior	506	(5)
Summary	511	(1)
Websites for Legal and Ethical Considerations for Counselors	511	(1)
References	512	(1)
Appendixes	513
Appendix A Children's Conflicts with Others: Alternatives for Intervention	513	(21)
Appendix B Children's Conflicts with Self: Alternatives for Intervention	534	(15)
Appendix C American Counseling Association Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice	549	(25)
Appendix D Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct: American Psychological Association	574	(23)
Appendix E Code of Ethics: National Association of Social Workers	597