Data and Computer Communications

by Stallings, William

• ISBN13: 9780131006812
• ISBN10: 0131006819
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

This timely revision of an all-time best-seller in the field features the clarity and scope of a Stallings classic. This comprehensive volume provides the most up-to-date coverage of the essential topics in data communications, networking, Internet technology and protocols, and standards - all in a convenient modular format. Features updated coverage of multimedia, Gigabit and 10 Gbps Ethernet, WiFi/IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs, security, and much more. Ideal for professional reference or self-study. For Product Development personnel, Programmers, Systems Engineers, Network Designers and others involved in the design of data communications and networking products.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Reader's Guide	1	(6)
Outline of the Book	2	(1)
Internet and Web Resources	2	(2)
Standards	4	(3)
PART ONE OVERVIEW	7	(44)
Data Communications and Networking Overview	9	(10)
A Communications Model	10	(3)
Data Communications	13	(1)
Data Communication Networking	14	(3)
An Example Configuration	17	(2)
Protocol Architecture	19	(32)
The Need for a Protocol Architecture	20	(1)
A Simple Protocol Architecture	21	(6)
OSI	27	(11)
The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture	38	(6)
Recommended Reading and Web Site	44	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	45	(6)
Appendix 2A The Trivial File Transfer Protocol	47	(4)
PART TWO DATA COMMUNICATIONS	51	(244)
Data Transmission	55	(38)
Concepts and Terminology	57	(11)
Analog and Digital Data Transmission	68	(8)
Transmission Impairments	76	(5)
Channel Capacity	81	(6)
Recommended Reading	87	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	87	(6)
Appendix 3A Decibels and Signal Strength	90	(3)
Guided and Wireless Transmission	93	(36)
Guided Transmission Media	95	(12)
Wireless Transmission	107	(8)
Wireless Propagation	115	(4)
Line-of-Sight Transmission	119	(5)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	124	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	125	(4)
Signal Encoding Techniques	129	(42)
Digital Data, Digital Signals	131	(11)
Digital Data, Analog Signals	142	(10)
Analog Data, Digital Signals	152	(7)
Analog Data, Analog Signals	159	(6)
Recommended Reading	165	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	166	(5)
Digital Data Communication Techniques	171	(36)
Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission	173	(3)
Types of Errors	176	(1)
Error Detection	177	(8)
Error Correction	185	(6)
Line Configurations	191	(2)
Interfacing	193	(10)
Recommended Reading	203	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	204	(3)
Data Link Control	207	(34)
Flow Control	209	(6)
Error Control	215	(6)
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC)	221	(7)
Recommended Reading	228	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	229	(12)
Appendix 7A Performance Issues	232	(9)
Multiplexing	241	(34)
Frequency Division Multiplexing	243	(7)
Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing	250	(10)
Statistical Time Division Multiplexing	260	(7)
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line	267	(3)
xDSL	270	(2)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	272	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	272	(3)
Spread Spectrum	275	(20)
The Concept of Spread Spectrum	276	(1)
Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum	277	(5)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum	282	(5)
Code-Division Multiple Access	287	(4)
Recommended Reading	291	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	291	(4)
PART THREE WIDE AREA NETWORKS	295	(168)
Circuit Switching and Packet Switching	297	(40)
Switching Networks	299	(1)
Circuit-Switching Networks	300	(4)
Circuit-Switching Concepts	304	(3)
Control Signaling	307	(9)
Softswitch Architecture	316	(2)
Packet-Switching Principles	318	(8)
X.25	326	(2)
Frame Relay	328	(5)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	333	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	334	(3)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode	337	(30)
Protocol Architecture	338	(1)
ATM Logical Connections	339	(5)
ATM Cells	344	(6)
Transmission of ATM Cells	350	(3)
ATM Service Categories	353	(4)
ATM Adaptation Layer	357	(7)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	364	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	364	(3)
Routing in Switched Networks	367	(28)
Routing in Circuit-Switching Networks	368	(2)
Routing in Packet-Switching Networks	370	(15)
Least-Cost Algorithms	385	(5)
Recommended Reading	390	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	390	(5)
Congestion Control in Switched Data Networks	395	(36)
Effects of Congestion	397	(4)
Congestion Control	401	(3)
Traffic Management	404	(2)
Congestion Control in Packet-Switching Networks	406	(1)
Frame Relay Congestion Control	406	(6)
ATM Traffic Management	412	(13)
ATM-GFR Traffic Management	425	(2)
Recommended Reading	427	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	428	(3)
Cellular Wireless Networks	431	(32)
Principles of Cellular Networks	432	(13)
First-Generation Analog	445	(2)
Second-Generation CDMA	447	(8)
Third-Generation Systems	455	(4)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	459	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	460	(3)
PART FOUR LOCAL AREA NETWORKS	463	(106)
Local Area Network Overview	465	(34)
Background	466	(4)
Topologies and Transmission Media	470	(5)
LAN Protocol Architecture	475	(8)
Bridges	483	(7)
Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switches	490	(6)
Recommended Reading and Web Site	496	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	496	(3)
High-Speed LANs	499	(44)
The Emergence of High-Speed LANs	500	(2)
Ethernet	502	(14)
Token Ring	516	(4)
Fibre Channel	520	(5)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	525	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	526	(17)
Appendix 16A Digital Signal Encoding for LANs	528	(7)
Appendix 16B Performance Issues	535	(8)
Wireless LANs	543	(26)
Overview	544	(5)
Wireless LAN Technology	549	(4)
IEEE 802.11 Architecture and Services	553	(5)
IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control	558	(7)
IEEE 802.11 Physical Layer	565	(2)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	567	(1)
Key Terms and Review Questions	568	(1)
PART FIVE COMMUNICATIONS ARCHITECTURE AND PROTOCOLS	569	(220)
Internetwork Protocols	571	(44)
Basic Protocol Functions	572	(8)
Principles of Internetworking	580	(4)
Connectionless Internetworking	584	(8)
Internet Protocol	592	(8)
IPv6	600	(10)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	610	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	611	(4)
Internetwork Operation	615	(48)
Multicasting	617	(9)
Routing Protocols	626	(11)
Integrated Services Architecture	637	(11)
Differentiated Services	648	(9)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	657	(2)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	659	(4)
Transport Protocols	663	(42)
Connection-Oriented Transport Protocol Mechanisms	664	(19)
TCP	683	(8)
TCP Congestion Control	691	(9)
UDP	700	(2)
Recommended Reading	702	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	702	(3)
Network Security	705	(40)
Security Requirements and Attacks	707	(1)
Confidentiality with Symmetric Encryption	708	(9)
Message Authentication and Hash Functions	717	(7)
Public-Key Encryption and Digital Signatures	724	(7)
Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security	731	(5)
IPv4 and IPv6 Security	736	(5)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	741	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	741	(4)
Distributed Applications	745	(44)
Electronic Mail---SMTP and MIME	746	(16)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)	762	(13)
Network Management---SNMP	775	(10)
Recommended Reading and Web Sites	785	(1)
Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems	786	(3)
Appendix A RFCs Cited in This Book	789	(8)
Appendix B Fourier Analysis
B.1 Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Signals	791	(1)
B.2 Fourier Transform Representation of Aperiodic Signals	792	(4)
B.3 Recommended Reading	796	(1)
Appendix C Sockets Programming	797	(2)
Appendix D Projects for Teaching Data and Computer Communications	799	(4)
D.1 Simulation Projects	799	(1)
D.2 Performance Modeling	800	(1)
D.3 Research Projects	801	(1)
D.4 Reading/Report Assignments	801	(2)
Glossary	803	(12)
References	815	(8)
Index	823

Excerpts

OBJECTIVES This book attempts to provide a unified overview of the broad field of data and computer communications. The organization of the book reflects an attempt to break this massive subject into comprehensible parts and to build, piece by piece, a survey of the state of the art. The book emphasizes basic principles and topics of fundamental importance concerning the technology and architecture of this field and provides a detailed discussion of leading-edge topics. The following basic themes serve to unify the discussion: Principles:Although the scope of this book is broad, there are a number of basic principles that appear repeatedly as themes and that unify this field. Examples are multiplexing, flow control, and error control. The book highlights these principles and contrasts their application in specific areas of technology. Design approaches:The book examines alternative approaches to meeting specific communication requirements. Standards:Standards have come to assume an increasingly important, indeed dominant, role in this field. An understanding of the current status and future direction of technology requires a comprehensive discussion of the related standards. PLAN OF THE TEXT The book is divided into five parts: In addition, the book includes an extensive glossary, a list of frequently used acronyms, and a bibliography. Each chapter includes problems and suggestions for further reading. The book is intended for both an academic and a professional audience. For the professional interested in this field, the book serves as a basic reference volume and is suitable for self-study. As a textbook, it can be used for a one-semester or two-semester course. It covers the material in the Communication and Networking core course of the joint ACM/IEEE Computing Curricula 2001. The chapters and parts of the book are sufficiently modul to provide a great deal of flexibility in the design of courses. The following are suggestions for course design: Fundamentals of Data Communications:Parts One (overview) and Two (data communications) and Chapters 10 and 11 (circuit switching, packet switching, and ATM). Communications Networks:If the student has a basic background in data communications, then this course could cover Parts One (overview), Three (WAN), and Four (LAN). Computer Networks:If the student has a basic background in data communications, then this course could cover Part One (overview), Chapters 6 and 7 (data communication techniques and data link control), and Part Five (protocols). In addition, a more streamlined course that covers the entire book is possible by eliminating certain chapters that are not essential on a first reading. Chapters that could be optional are Chapters 3 (data transmission) and 4 (transmission media), if the student has a basic understanding of these topics; Chapter 8 (multiplexing); Chapter 9 (spread spectrum); Chapters 12 through 14 (routing, congestion control, cellular networks); Chapter 18 (internetworking); and Chapter 21 (network security). INTERNET SERVICES FOR INSTRUCTORS AND STUDENTS There is a Web site for this book that provides support for students and instructors. The site includes links to other relevant sites, transparency masters of figures in the book, and sign-up information for the book's Internet mailing list. The Web page is at WilliamStallings.com/DCC/DCC7e.html; see the section, "Web Site for Data and Computer Communications," preceding the Table of Contents, for more information. An Internet mailing list has been set up so that instructors using this book can exchange information, suggestions, and questions with each other and with the author. As soon as typos or other errors are discovered, an errata list for this book will be available at WilliamStalling