A Decade of Light and Shadow

by Ocampo, Jose Antonio

• ISBN13: 9789211214017
• ISBN10: 9211214017
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-11-01
• Publisher: United Nations Univ

Summary

This publication evaluates the key economic, social and political developments in the Latin American and Caribbean region during the 1990s, a period of transition and reorientation,. It was marked by instances of progress, stagnation and reverses, with the speed of progress variable between countries and sectors. Chapters discuss: the global and regional context, macroeconomic performance, structure and performance of good-producing sectors, infrastructure service sectors, social sectors, sustainable development, economic and social performance, and the restructuring of national territories.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. 15
Introduction	p. 17
The global and regional context	p. 27
Loss of world economic dynamism and rising inequality	p. 29
Trends towards greater internationalization in the new world context	p. 36
Policies and agents of internationalization	p. 42
Globalization of values	p. 47
Democracy in Latin America and the Caribbean	p. 51
Latin America and the Caribbean in a global context	p. 54
Connections between the internal and external environments	p. 59
International integration policies	p. 60
Changes in external trade and regional heterogeneity	p. 71
Size and composition of capital flows	p. 83
International labour migration	p. 95
Macroeconomic performance	p. 99
Macroeconomic policy	p. 99
Insufficient recovery of growth, investment and productivity	p. 110
Inflation	p. 120
Financial crises	p. 122
Structure and performance of goods-producing sectors	p. 129
Trends by broad sectors of economic activity	p. 130
The agriculture and forestry sector	p. 138
The mining sector	p. 151
The industrial sector	p. 158
Infrastructure service sectors	p. 175
Telecommunications	p. 176
Energy reforms	p. 180
Drinking water and sanitation services	p. 195
Transport	p. 203
The social sectors	p. 215
The region-wide demographic transition and the failure to take advantage of the demographic bonus	p. 217
Employment: low growth, the shift to services and the increase in informal employment	p. 223
The persistence of poverty and inequality	p. 231
Gender equity	p. 243
Public spending and reforms in the social sectors	p. 249
Creating opportunities for sustainable development	p. 261
The international environmental context of the 1990s	p. 262
Institutional progress in relation to environmental management	p. 264
Other actors	p. 274
Environmental policy instruments	p. 279
Environmental developments in the region	p. 284
Economic and social performance in the Caribbean	p. 293
Trade and foreign direct investment	p. 294
Macroeconomic performance and reforms	p. 302
Production profile	p. 310
Changes in the social structure	p. 313
The environment and sustainable development	p. 318
The restructuring of national territories	p. 321
Population distribution and geographical mobility	p. 322
The politics and financing of decentralization	p. 330
Territorial heterogeneity	p. 336
Bibliography	p. 341
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