Design of Seismic Isolated Structures From Theory to Practice

by Naeim, Farzad; Kelly, James M.

• ISBN13: 9780471149217
• ISBN10: 0471149217
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-03-25
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

* Specifications for the design, manufacture, and testing of isolation devices.

Author Biography

<b>FARZAD NAEIM, PhD, SE</b>, is Director of Research and Development at John A. Martin Associates, Inc. in Los Angeles, California.<br> <p> gt;JAMES M. KELLY, PhD</b>, is Professor in the Graduate School of the University of California at Berkeley.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Development of Seismic Isolation Worldwide	1	(24)
Introduction	1	(5)
Base Isolation in the United States	6	(12)
Base Isolation in Japan	18	(2)
Base Isolation in Europe	20	(1)
Base Isolation in New Zealand	21	(2)
State of Isolation Technology Today	23	(2)
Theoretical Basis of Seismic Isolation	25	(22)
Linear Theory	25	(6)
Extension of Theory to Buildings	31	(5)
M-Degree-of-Freedom Equations of Motion	31	(2)
Modal Analysis of M-DOF System	33	(3)
Analysis of Coupled Dynamic Equations	36	(11)
Isolation System Components	47	(16)
Introduction	47	(1)
Elastomeric-Based Systems	47	(5)
Low-Damping Natural and Synthetic Rubber Bearings	48	(1)
Lead-Plug Bearings	49	(1)
High-Damping Natural Rubber Systems (HDNR)	50	(2)
Isolation Systems Based on Sliding	52	(6)
Electricite-de-France System	55	(1)
EERC Combined System	55	(1)
The TASS System	56	(1)
Resilient-Friction Base Isolation System	56	(1)
Friction Pendulum System	57	(1)
Spring-Type Systems	58	(1)
Sleeved-Pile Isolation System	58	(3)
Rocking Systems	61	(2)
Code Provisions for Seismic Isolation	63	(30)
Introduction	63	(1)
Seismic Hazard Level	64	(1)
Design Methods	65	(1)
Static Analysis	65	(13)
Seismic Zone Factor Z	67	(1)
Site Soil Profile Type	68	(1)
Seismic Source Types: A, B, and C	68	(1)
Near-Source Factors: NA and NV	68	(2)
MCE Response Coefficient MM	70	(1)
Spectral Seismic Coefficients: CVD, CVM and CAD, CAM	70	(1)
Damping Coefficients: BD and BM	71	(2)
Effective System Vibration Periods: TD and TM	73	(1)
Total Design Displacements: DTD and DTM	74	(1)
Design Forces	75	(1)
Vertical Distribution of Force	76	(1)
Drift Limits	77	(1)
Dynamic Analysis	78	(2)
Time History Analysis	78	(1)
Scaling	78	(2)
Other Requirements for Nonstructural Components	80	(1)
Peer Review	80	(1)
Design and Testing Requirements for Isolators	81	(1)
OSHPD-96 Requirements	82	(2)
Other Considerations	84	(1)
Step-by-Step Procedure for UBC-97 Compliant Design	85	(8)
Preliminary Design Steps	85	(2)
Final Design Steps	87	(2)
Design Example	89	(4)
Mechanical Characteristics and Modeling of Isolators	93	(28)
Introduction	93	(1)
Mechanical Characteristics of Elastomeric Bearings	93	(7)
Mechanical Characteristics of Lead-Plug Bearings	100	(1)
Mechanical Characteristics of Friction Pendulum System	101	(3)
Modeling of Isolation Bearings by Bilinear Modeling	104	(3)
Implications of Bilinear Modeling	107	(14)
Energy Dissipation in High-Damping Natural Rubber Bearings	111	(4)
Adjustments to the Model to Account for High-Strain Stiffening	115	(2)
Comparisons with Experimental Data	117	(4)
Buckling and Stability of Elastomeric Isolators	121	(16)
Introduction	121	(5)
Stability under Large Lateral Displacement	126	(7)
Rollout Stability	133	(4)
Design Earthquake Ground Motions	137	(48)
Introduction	137	(2)
Characteristics of Earthquake Ground Motions	139	(4)
From Response Spectra to Design Spectra	143	(6)
Earthquake Energy Content and Energy Spectra	149	(1)
Various Ground Motion Predictive Formulations	150	(8)
Source Characterizations	150	(5)
Attenuation Relations	155	(3)
Deterministic and Probabilistic Approaches	158	(14)
Deterministic Seismic Hazard Evaluation	158	(1)
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Evaluation	159	(7)
Limitations of Deterministic and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis	166	(4)
Seismic Hazard Maps	170	(2)
Code Interpretations of Design Ground Motions	172	(2)
Application of Earthquake Time Histories	174	(11)
UBC-94 Provisions	174	(1)
UBC-97 Provisions	175	(1)
OSHPD-91 Provisions	176	(1)
OSHPD-96 Provisions	176	(1)
Time-Domain Scaling of Time Histories	176	(4)
Frequency-Domain Scaling of Time Histories	180	(3)
Analytic Dilemma of Designing by Time History Analysis	183	(2)
Design Examples	185	(18)
Design Example for a High-Damping Rubber Bearing	185	(11)
Bearing Stiffnesses	186	(1)
First Estimate of Design Displacement DD	187	(1)
Actual Bearing Stiffness	188	(1)
Composite Stiffness	188	(1)
Composite Damping	188	(1)
Allowance for Torsion	189	(1)
Elastic Base Shear from Code	190	(1)
Bearing Detail	191	(2)
Buckling Loads: Safety Factor	193	(2)
Calculation of MCE Displacement DM	195	(1)
Rollout Displacement	196	(1)
Design Example for a Lead-Plug Bearing	196	(7)
Computer Applications	203	(30)
Introduction	203	(1)
Preliminary Selection of Design Loads and Isolator Sizes	203	(13)
Overview	203	(1)
Selection of Design Loads by Linear Regression and Least-Squares Analysis Techniques	204	(2)
The ISOSEL Solution Strategy	206	(1)
Application of the ISOSEL Computer Program	207	(9)
Computer Programs for Analysis of Seismically Isolated Structures	216	(4)
N-PAD	217	(1)
3D-Basis	217	(1)
ETABS	218	(1)
SAP-2000 Nonlinear	218	(2)
General Nonlinear Three-Dimensional Analysis Programs	220	(1)
Nonlinear Dynamic Time History Analysis	220	(13)
Specifications for Design, Manufacturing, and Testing of Isolation Devices	233	(22)
Introduction	233	(1)
Sample Specifications	234	(21)
Appendix. Companion Software and Earthquake Data Files	255	(18)
References	273	(9)
Index	282