Deviant Behavior

by Goode, Erich

• ISBN13: 9780132403665
• ISBN10: 0132403668
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

This interesting, comprehensive book examines deviant behavior from the point of view that humans are rule-making and rule-enforcing creatures.Deviant Behavior, 8th ed.recognizes that humans are also rebellious and irrepressible: hence, deviant. These processes of rule-making, relu-violation, and rule-enforcement are the core of human life; and the sociology of deviance is a field of study that is flourishing. Understanding unconventional or undesirable behavior, beliefs, and traits is necessary to understanding the human condition, and society as we know it today.Comprehensive yet readable, this book covers: methods in social research; criminal violence; legal and illegal drugs; sexual deviance; unconventional beliefs; mental disorder; physical characteristics; and deviant organizational behavior.An excellent reference work for those involved in law enforcement and the legal system, as well as therapists, social workers, teachers, researchers, and medical professionals.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
Deviance in Everyday Life	p. 3
So, What Is Deviance?	p. 4
Societal and Situational Deviance	p. 6
The ABCs of Deviance	p. 7
Deviant Behavior	p. 7
Deviant Attitudes and Beliefs	p. 9
Physical Characteristics	p. 10
Tribe, Race, Religion, and Nation	p. 11
A Fourth Type of Deviance	p. 11
What Deviance Is Not	p. 12
Relativism	p. 14
Summary	p. 16
Personal Account: A Computer Pirate Tells His Story	p. 18
Questions	p. 21
Approaches to Deviance	p. 22
Positivism: An Introduction	p. 23
Constructionist Approaches to Deviance: An Introduction	p. 27
Deviance and Social Control: An Introduction	p. 31
Formal and Informal Social Control	p. 33
Summary	p. 34
Personal Account: A Stripper Mom Tells Her Story	p. 36
Questions	p. 41
Explaining Deviant Behavior: Positivist Theories	p. 42
Free Will, Rational Calculation, and Routine Activities Theory	p. 43
Social Disorganization and the Chicago School	p. 45
Anomie or Strain Theory	p. 47
Anomie Theory into the 1990s and Beyond	p. 51
Differential Association and Learning Theory	p. 53
Social Control Theory	p. 54
A General Theory of Crime: Self-Control Theory	p. 56
Summary	p. 58
Personal Account: Clinical Depression	p. 60
Questions	p. 64
Constructionist Theories of Deviance	p. 65
Functionalism	p. 67
Labeling or Interactionist Theory	p. 68
Conflict Theory	p. 74
Feminism	p. 77
Controlology or the New Sociology of Social Control	p. 80
How Are Judgments of Deviance Made?	p. 83
The Role of Religion in Judgments of Deviance	p. 83
Religion and Politics	p. 86
Red State, Blue State	p. 89
Retro versus Metro	p. 89
Summary	p. 91
Personal Account: Cody, the Identity-Constructing Homosexual	p. 94
Questions	p. 99
Studying Deviance: Methods in Social Research	p. 100
The Use of Official Data	p. 101
Survey Research	p. 104
Participant Observation	p. 112
Narratives, Autobiographies, Life Histories, and Personal Accounts	p. 116
Ethical Issues in the Study of Deviance: Tearoom Sex, a Case Study	p. 118
Summary	p. 120
Personal Account: Field Experiment: Public Reactions to Normative Violations	p. 121
Field Experiment: Two Guys Holding Hands in Public, Steven M. Clayton	p. 122
Questions	p. 125
Criminal Behavior	p. 126
Deviance and Crime: A Rough Division of Labor	p. 127
Crime and Deviance: A Conceptual Distinction	p. 130
Common Law and Statutory Law	p. 131
What Is Our Mission? Constructionism versus Positivism	p. 133
The Severity of Crime	p. 134
The Uniform Crime Reports	p. 137
Property Crime	p. 138
Shoplifting and Employee Theft	p. 141
Summary	p. 143
Personal Account: Omar's Story	p. 145
Questions	p. 148
Criminal Violence	p. 149
Violence: An Introduction	p. 150
Murder	p. 150
Forcible Rape	p. 157
Robbery	p. 164
Is Robbery a Crime of Passion?	p. 168
Summary	p. 169
Personal Account: Having a Deviant Father	p. 170
Questions	p. 172
Illicit Drug Use	p. 174
Drug Use: The Social Construction of a Social Problem	p. 176
What Is Drug Use?	p. 179
A Classification of Drugs and Their Effects	p. 180
The Extent of Drug Use in the United States	p. 182
Marijuana Use in the United States, 1960-2004	p. 187
Marijuana Use as Deviance and Crime	p. 189
The War on Marijuana? The Great Transformation, 1990-2000s	p. 192
Hallucinogenic Drugs	p. 194
Cocaine and Crack	p. 197
Heroin and the Narcotics	p. 201
Methamphetamine	p. 202
Summary	p. 205
Personal Account: Barbiturate Abuse	p. 207
Personal Account: Smoking Marijuana	p. 209
Questions	p. 211
Deviant Organizational Behavior	p. 272
White-Collar and Corporate Crime	p. 215
Corporate Crime: Correlative Features	p. 217
Four Recent Examples of Corporate Deviance	p. 221
Police Use of Excessive Force	p. 223
The Sexual Abuse of Children by Roman Catholic Priests	p. 228
Summary	p. 234
Personal Account: Employee Pilferage	p. 235
Questions	p. 237
Sexual Deviance	p. 238
What's Deviant About Sexual Behavior?	p. 240
Essentialism versus Constructionism	p. 241
Gendering Sexuality	p. 244
Homosexuality	p. 245
Sex Work	p. 253
Extramarital Sex	p. 257
Summary	p. 259
Personal Account: Bondage and Discipline Sex	p. 261
Questions	p. 265
Personal Account: Being a Homosexual Priest	p. 266
Questions	p. 268
Cognitive Deviance: Holding Unconventional Beliefs	p. 269
The Social Functions of Belief Systems	p. 274
The Intersection of Religion and Deviance	p. 277
Religious Sects and Cults	p. 278
Creationism, Intelligent Design, and Evolution	p. 281
Paranormal Beliefs as Deviant	p. 286
Summary	p. 289
Personal Account: The Belief That Extraterrestrials Are on Earth	p. 291
Questions	p. 293
Mental Disorder	p. 294
What Is Mental Disorder?	p. 295
Models of Mental Disorder	p. 297
Essentialism Approaches Mental Disorder	p. 298
Constructionism	p. 301
Labeling Theory	p. 303
The Modified Labeling Approach	p. 305
Families of the Mentally Disordered: Labeling by Intimates	p. 307
The Epidemiology of Mental Disorder	p. 309
On Being Sane in Insane Places	p. 310
Chemical Treatment of Mental Disorder	p. 315
Deinstitutionalization	p. 317
Deviance and Mental Disorder: An Overview	p. 318
Summary	p. 319
Personal Account: Interview with Anna-Maria, a Manic-Depressive	p. 321
Questions	p. 325
Physical Characteristics as Deviance	p. 326
Abominations of the Body: An Introduction	p. 330
Physical Disability	p. 330
Conformity to and Violations of Esthetic Standards	p. 332
Body Modification as Physical Deviance	p. 335
Obesity	p. 336
Intersexuality	p. 340
Are the Overweight Universally Stigmatized? Black-White Differences	p. 340
Agnes	p. 341
The Two Debates: Essentialism-Constructionism/Nature-Nurture	p. 342
From Bruce to Brenda to David (The Story of "John" and "Joan")	p. 344
Freaks	p. 345
Disability and Tertiary Deviance	p. 346
Summary	p. 347
Personal Account: Jan, the Transitioning Transsexual	p. 349
Questions	p. 353
References	p. 354
Photo Credits	p. 369
Name Index	p. 370
Subject Index	p. 374
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