Digital Human Modeling for Vehicle and Workplace Design

by Chaffin, Don B.; Nelson, Cynthia; Ianni, John D.; Punte, Patrick A. J.; Bowman, Darrell; Thompson, Deborah; Peacock, Brian; Reed, Heather; Fox, Robert; Jimmerson, D. Glenn

• ISBN13: 9780768006872
• ISBN10: 0768006872
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-03-01
• Publisher: Society of Automotive Engineers

Author Biography

Don B. Chaffin is the Lawton and Louise Johnson Professor of Industrial and Operations Engineering and Biomedical Engineering at the University of Michigan

Table of Contents

Foreword	ix
Preface	xi
Acknowledgments	xiii
Acronyms	xv
Introduction	1	(16)
Objective of Human Simulation in Design	1	(1)
Why the Interest in Human Simulations in Design?	2	(1)
How Do the Roles of Human Simulation and Virtual Reality Technologies Relate in the Design of Systems?	3	(1)
A Brief History of Some Popular Human Simulation Methods for Design	4	(8)
Human Simulation to Enhance Designing Systems for People	12	(2)
Outline of Case Studies and General Issues to Be Presented. References	14	(3)
Anthropometric Analyses of Crew Interfaces and Component Accessibility for the International Space Station	17	(20)
Introduction	17	(1)
International Space Station Node 1	18	(1)
Requirements for Anthropometric Accommodation and Component Accessibility	18	(1)
Human Modeling Simulation versus Traditional Anthropometric Testing	19	(1)
Anthropometric Accommodation	20	(1)
Anthropometric Analyses and Component Accessibility Demonstration with BHMS	21	(1)
Normal Operation-Damper Valve Control Assembly	21	(2)
Maintenance Operation-Inter-Module Venting Fan Assembly	23	(8)
Removal of Closeout Panels	24	(1)
Removal of Band	25	(2)
Removal of Lower Silencer	27	(2)
Removal of Fan Assembly	29	(2)
Maintenance Task Summary	31	(1)
Emergency Operation-Portable Fire Extinguisher at Fire Port	31	(1)
Compliance Demonstration and Simulation Benefits	32	(1)
Recommendations	33	(2)
Improvements for Microgravity Simulation	33	(1)
Improvements for User Productivity	34	(1)
Conclusions	35	(2)
References	35	(2)
Human Model Evaluations of Air Force System Designs	37	(20)
Introduction	37	(1)
Background	37	(2)
F-15 Radar Analysis	39	(3)
F-22 Power Supply Analysis	42	(3)
Munitions Trailer Analysis	45	(1)
Modeling the Trailer	45	(3)
Performing the Analysis	48	(3)
Software Observations	51	(1)
The Appeal of Human Modeling	52	(1)
A Better Virtual World	53	(1)
Conclusions	54	(3)
References	55	(2)
Ship Bridge Design and Evaluation Using Human Modeling Systems and Virtual Environments	57	(20)
Introduction	57	(1)
Ship Bridge Design	58	(2)
Ergonomic Evaluation of the Design	60	(3)
Computer-Assisted Ergonomic Analysis: The ATOMOS II Project	63	(1)
Physical Analysis Using BHMS	63	(4)
Bridge Design	63	(1)
Method	63	(1)
Results	64	(3)
Discussion	67	(1)
Functional Analysis Using VE	67	(4)
Bridge Design	67	(1)
Method	68	(1)
Results	69	(1)
Discussion	70	(1)
Discussion and Conclusions	71	(3)
Future Work	74	(3)
References	75	(2)
Using Digital Human Modeling in a Virtual Heavy Vehicle Development Environment	77	(24)
Introduction	77	(1)
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) Compliance	78	(3)
FMVSS Compliance Analysis	81	(1)
Instrument Panel Reach Analysis	81	(5)
Instrument Panel Visual Analysis	86	(3)
Vehicle Entry/Egress	89	(1)
Vehicle Entry/Egress Analysis	90	(6)
Advantages of the Technology	96	(1)
Disadvantages of the Technology	97	(1)
Foreseeable Trends in the Technology	98	(1)
Conclusions	99	(2)
References	99	(2)
The Determination of the Human Factors/Occupant Packaging Requirements for Adjustable Pedal Systems	101	(12)
Introduction	101	(2)
Use of Human Simulation Technology	102	(1)
Problem Analysis: Accommodating the Target Customer Population	103	(2)
Design Analysis: Packaging Requirements for Adjustable Pedal Systems	105	(4)
Set-up for the Analysis	105	(3)
Result of the Analysis	108	(1)
Conclusion	109	(4)
References	110	(3)
Ergonomics Analysis of Sheet Metal Handling	113	(14)
Background	113	(1)
The Process	114	(2)
Outcomes	116	(1)
Decisions	116	(1)
Design	117	(1)
Choices	118	(1)
Analysis	118	(1)
Simulation	119	(2)
Policy	121	(1)
Case Study	122	(5)
References	125	(2)
Digital Human Modeling for Improved Product and Process Feasibility Studies	127	(10)
Introduction	127	(2)
Digital Human Modeling	129	(1)
Case Study-DEW98 Door Latch Module	130	(4)
Technology Assessment	134	(1)
Future Direction	135	(2)
Summary	137	(10)
What Did We Hope to Learn from These Cases?	137	(7)
What General Benefits Were Demonstrated in These Case Studies by the Application of Digital Human Modeling?	139	(2)
What General Limitations Were Found in the Application of Existing Digital Human Models?	141	(3)
Some Concluding Thoughts About DHM Applications	144	(3)
References	146	(1)
Glossary	147	(8)
Index	155	(24)
About the Author	179	(2)
About the Contributing Authors	181