Electrical Installations Handbook: Power Supply and Distribution, Protective Measures, Electromagnetic Compatibility, Electrical Installation Equipment and Systems, Application Examples for Electrical Installation Systems, Building Management, 3rd Edition

by Executive Editor: Günter G. Seip

• ISBN13: 9780471494355
• ISBN10: 0471494356
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-06-01
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

The Third Edition of this classic reference is designed to provide authoritative guidance for engineers and technicians who have responsibility for planning, designing, building and operating electrical installation systems. The extensively revised scope includes a comprehensive overview of conventional and state-of-the-art installation equipment and its current usage. Special emphasis is placed on equipment with communication capability and the way in which this equipment is networked to the instabus EIB® bus system for a wide range of applications in residential and commercial buildings. The construction, dimensioning and protection of electrical distribution systems are treated taking into account the latest developments in systems engineering. In view of the electricity market deregulation and globalization and the associated standardization initiatives that are underway, reference has been made, where appropriate, to international, European and German norms, regulations and standards. This single volume edition is extensively illustrated throughout and includes a broad range of example applications of electrical installation systems.

Table of Contents

Power supply and distribution	15	(284)
Planning and design of electrical distribution systems in buildings	15	(27)
Structural design	15	(3)
Planning fundamentals	18	(13)
Design of building networks	31	(4)
Stand-by supply	35	(7)
Calculating short-circuit currents in three-phase systems	42	(37)
Introduction	42	(7)
Calculation examples	49	(20)
Equipment impedance values	69	(5)
Calculation variables to IEC 60909 / DIN VDE 0102	74	(5)
System protection	79	(49)
Terminology	79	(1)
Protection equipment - features	79	(1)
Low-voltage protection equipment assemblies	80	(1)
Selectivity criteria	81	(1)
Preparing grading diagrams	81	(5)
Protection equipment for low-voltage power systems	86	(1)
Circuit-breakers with protective functions	87	(6)
Switchgear assemblies	93	(6)
Selecting protection equipment	99	(5)
Selectivity in low-voltage systems	104	(1)
Selectivity in radial systems	105	(10)
Selectivity in meshed systems	115	(3)
Protection of capacitors	118	(1)
Protection of distribution transformers	118	(1)
Protection with overreaching selectivity	119	(8)
Equipment for protecting distribution transformers (against internal faults)	127	(1)
Low-voltage switchboards and distribution systems	128	(75)
General	128	(7)
Standard low-voltage switchboards	135	(1)
Introduction	135	(4)
Sivacon low-voltage switchboards	139	(9)
Communication in Sivacon low-voltage switchboard systems via Profibus-Dp	148	(14)
Box-type low-voltage distribution systems	162	(1)
8HP insulation-enclosed distribution system	163	(4)
8HU sheet-steel-enclosed distribution system	167	(3)
Busbar trunking and busway systems (overhead busway systems)	170	(1)
8PL busbar trunking system and Sentron Busways with variable tap-offs	170	(2)
8PU busway system	172	(1)
Power and domestic distribution systems	173	(4)
Permanently-installed power and domestic distribution systems	177	(13)
Portable domestic distribution boards for outdoor use	190	(2)
Planning low-voltage switchgear and distribution systems, software tools (P.I.S.A.A)	192	(11)
Grounding systems	203	(15)
Basic requirements for grounding in electrical installations	203	(3)
Determining the permissible ground resistance	206	(2)
Dimensioning and types of grounding electrode	208	(2)
Dimensioning grounding electrode conductors	210	(2)
Requirements for grounding electrode components	212	(4)
Requirements for the components of grounding electrode conductors	216	(1)
Measurements and tests on grounding systems	217	(1)
Power-factor correction and harmonic filtering	218	(13)
Introduction	218	(1)
Power-factor correction of linear loads by shunt capacitors	219	(5)
Correction of converter-fed non-linear loads	224	(4)
Dynamic power-factor correction and active harmonic filtering	228	(3)
Power cables and their application	231	(64)
Insulated wires and flexible cables	231	(20)
Power cables for voltages up to 30 kV	251	(7)
Guidelines for project planning and design	258	(22)
Protecting cables against excessive temperature rises due to overcurrents	280	(9)
Materials for installing and fixing cables	289	(6)
Supply systems for safety services	295	(4)
Introduction	295	(1)
Power-supply system design	295	(2)
Measures for operation in the event of fire	297	(2)
Protective measures	299	(60)
Introduction	299	(2)
Protection against direct and in the event of indirect contact	301	(6)
Protection by extra-low voltage: SELV and PELV	301	(1)
Protection by SELV	301	(3)
Protection by PELV	304	(1)
Protection by functional extra-low voltage (FELV) without safety separation	304	(3)
Protection by limiting steady-state touch current and charge	307	(1)
Protection against electric shock under normal conditions (protection against direct contact or basic protection)	307	(4)
Full protection against direct contact	307	(2)
Partial protection against direct contact	309	(1)
Supplementary protection by RCDs	310	(1)
Protection against electric shock under fault conditions (previously Protection in the event of indirect contact or Fault protection)	311	(25)
Protection by automatic disconnection of power supply	311	(1)
Systems according to type of ground connection	312	(1)
Main equipotential bonding	313	(5)
TN system	318	(3)
TT system	321	(5)
IT system	326	(3)
Supplementary equipotential bonding	329	(1)
Protection by means of Class 2 equipment or equipment with equivalentinsulation (total insulation)	330	(2)
Protection by non-conducting locations	332	(1)
Protection by ungrounded, local equipotential bonding	333	(1)
Protection by safety separation	334	(2)
Verifying protective measures in the event of indirect contact	336	(19)
General	336	(1)
Verification	337	(1)
Verification by means of visual inspection	337	(1)
Verification by means of trial/measurement	338	(1)
Measuring the continuity of equipment grounding conductors, connections at main equipotential bonding and supplementary equipotential bonding; measuring the resistance of equipment grounding conductor connections	339	(2)
Measuring the insulation resistance of electrical systems	341	(2)
Measuring insulation resistance for protection by safety separation of circuits	343	(1)
Measuring resistance of insulating floors and walls	344	(2)
Verifying protection by automatic disconnection of power supply	346	(6)
Visual inspection and testing of residual-current protective devices (RCDs)	352	(1)
Voltage polarity	353	(1)
Dielectric strength	354	(1)
Functional test	354	(1)
Voltage drop	354	(1)
Repeat tests	355	(1)
Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or switching overvoltages in low-voltage systems	355	(4)
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)	359	(6)
Introduction and terminology	359	(4)
Emitted interference	360	(1)
Interference immunity	360	(1)
Generic EU directives for EMC	360	(3)
EMC using building system engineering with instabus EIB as an example	363	(1)
EMC equipment design	363	(1)
Compliance with EMC installation rules	364	(1)
Electrical installation equipment and systems	365	(193)
Protection equipment for load circuits	365	(46)
Fuse systems	365	(21)
Miniature circuit-breakers (MCBs)	386	(6)
Residual-current protective devices (RCCBs)	392	(1)
Use of residual-current protective devices in different systems	392	(2)
Indirect and direct contact	394	(3)
Preventive measures for fire protection	397	(1)
Structure and functional description of residual-current protective devices	398	(1)
Residual-current protective devices for AC and pulsating DC fault currents to EN 61008/IEC 1008/DIN VDE 0664	399	(1)
Universal-current-sensitive residual-current protective devices for industrial applications	399	(1)
Structure and functional description	399	(3)
Planning and erecting electrical installations with universal-current-sensitive residual-current protective devices	402	(1)
Marks of conformity and areas of application	402	(1)
Tripping current ranges for residual-current protective devices	402	(1)
Selective and short-time-delay residual-current protective devices	403	(1)
Rated breaking capacity and short-circuit strength of Siemens residual-current protective devices	404	(1)
Use of residual-current protective devices in building control system	405	(1)
Type range of Siemens residual-current protective devices	405	(1)
Practical troubleshooting tips when using residual-current protective devices	406	(2)
Insulation monitoring devices	408	(3)
Mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic modular devices, timers	411	(38)
General	411	(7)
Switching with switch-disconnectors	418	(3)
Switching with remote switches	421	(3)
Switching with contactors	424	(2)
Switching with switch relays	426	(1)
Switching with timers	426	(6)
Switching with switches	432	(5)
Monitoring with voltage relays	437	(4)
Monitoring with current relays	441	(1)
Switching and protecting motors	442	(2)
Monitoring with counters and pulse counters	444	(2)
Monitoring and regulating with level-sensing relays	446	(1)
Monitoring and control with twilight switches	447	(1)
Use in building control system with instabus EIB	448	(1)
Operator communication, switching, control, and signaling systems, information and monitoring systems	449	(83)
Operator communication, switching, control and signaling systems	449	(13)
Electronic controllers for roller shutters and louver blinds	462	(4)
Connecting components for data and speech networks	466	(3)
Information and monitoring systems	469	(1)
Infrared motion detectors	469	(5)
Delta-Fern infrared system and infrared remote-control systems, Delta Fern RF radio remote-control system	474	(1)
Delta-Fern infrared system	475	(13)
IR-64K infrared remote-control system	488	(5)
Delta-Fern RF radio remote-control system	493	(8)
Luminous call systems	501	(14)
Signaling systems, door and building call systems, video house call systems	515	(1)
Signaling systems	515	(1)
Door and building call systems	516	(4)
Two-wire door and building call systems (bus technology)	520	(7)
Video house call systems (two-wire technology)	527	(5)
Building control system with instabus EIB	532	(26)
Basics of EIB technology	532	(1)
instabus EIB and twisted pairs (TP)	532	(3)
instabus pl EIB, Powerline (PL)	535	(2)
instabus rf EIB, the radio frequency (RF) solution	537	(1)
Modular design of instabus EIB devices	537	(2)
instabus EIB components	539	(1)
Basic devices	539	(1)
System devices	540	(1)
Application-specific devices	540	(1)
Functions	540	(1)
Switching	541	(1)
Dimming	541	(1)
Control	542	(1)
Implementation	543	(1)
Planning	543	(1)
Line/cable installation	543	(1)
Mounting	543	(1)
Commissioning	544	(1)
European Installation Bus Association	545	(1)
Possible applications	545	(1)
Example of installing a lighting and louver blind control system in an open-plan office	545	(4)
Software user interfaces	549	(1)
Residential buildings: Home Assistant	549	(2)
Functional buildings: Visualization	551	(7)
Application examples of electrical installation engineering	558	(107)
Functional buildings	558	(39)
General requirements	558	(1)
Main power supply	558	(6)
Load power supply	564	(1)
Central distribution	564	(1)
Decentralized distribution	565	(1)
Cable installation methods for load power supply	566	(1)
Surface installation	566	(1)
Flush installation	567	(1)
Cable raceways	567	(1)
Cable ducts for walls and ceilings	567	(2)
Skirting board ducts	569	(2)
Sill-type ducts	571	(1)
Dado ducts	571	(2)
Underfloor duct systems	573	(1)
Underfloor installation methods	573	(5)
Underfloor units	578	(6)
Planning underfloor ducting systems	584	(6)
``SMS-Universal'' snap-on system	590	(1)
Snap-on system components	591	(1)
Project planning	591	(1)
instabus EIB snap-on assembly	592	(1)
instabus EIB snap-on devices	593	(2)
Planning and configuration	595	(2)
Assembly	597	(1)
Concrete construction methods	597	(7)
Introduction	597	(1)
Construction methods	597	(1)
Planning	598	(3)
Wiring and installation material	601	(2)
Meter cabinets and distribution boards	603	(1)
Office buildings	604	(2)
Hotels	606	(3)
Hospitals and medical practices	609	(6)
Industrial buildings and exhibition halls	615	(18)
Industrial buildings	615	(16)
Exhibition halls	631	(2)
Garages	633	(1)
Residential buildings	634	(12)
Service entries	635	(2)
Main lines (rising main)	637	(3)
Arrangement of meters and sub-distribution boards	640	(2)
Installation of wiring system	642	(4)
General information on special areas, locations, and installations	646	(19)
Rooms with bath tub or shower basin	646	(3)
Indoor and outdoor swimming pools	649	(1)
Construction sites	650	(2)
Agricultural and horticultural estates	652	(3)
Fire protection for exceptional risks and hazards	655	(2)
Electrical systems on camping sites	657	(1)
Power supply for boats and yachts at berths	658	(1)
Classrooms with experiment/demonstration benches	659	(1)
Low-voltage generating plants	659	(3)
Erecting and connecting low-voltage switchboards and distributions boards	662	(1)
Electrical operating areas and closed electrical operating areas	662	(1)
Damp/wet areas and rooms	663	(1)
Applying protective measures for socket-outlets	663	(2)
Building management system	665	(12)
Terms and hierarchical structure	665	(2)
Field level	667	(2)
Control and automation level	669	(4)
Management level	673	(2)
Communications standards	675	(1)
Planning, invitation to tender, installation	676	(1)
Appendix	677	(45)
International, regional, and national standards	677	(6)
Creation of international, regional, and national standards	677	(2)
Reviewing existing standards	679	(1)
Regional standardization	680	(1)
Structure of standards, ``Electrical installations of buildings (with rated voltages below 1000 V AC or 1500 V DC) HD 384''	680	(2)
Legal validity of standards	682	(1)
Glossary of technical terms	683	(33)
Publications, catalogs, DIN VDE publications, data carriers, etc.	716	(6)
Index	722