The Emergence of Nationalist Politics in Morocco The Rise of the Independence Party and the Struggle Against Colonialism after World War II

by Zisenwine, Daniel

• ISBN13: 9781848853232
• ISBN10: 1848853238
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-11-15
• Publisher: Tauris Academic Studies

Summary

The end of World War II intensified Morocco's nationalist struggle against French colonial rule, with the establishment of the Istiqlal ('independence') party and the Moroccan Sultan's emergence as a national leader. In this book, Daniel Zisenwine charts the rise of Morocco's leading nationalist party, and illustrates the weakness of Moroccan political parties at the outset of the anti-colonial struggle. While Morocco today faces formidable challenges, its political system remains profoundly influenced by the events charted in this book. Drawing from a wide range of previously unpublished sources, Daniel Zisenwine presents the background to the Istiqlal's establishment, its initial actions and demands, and an extensive discussion of its social activities aimed at mobilizing the Moroccan public during the anti-colonial struggle.

Author Biography

Daniel Zisenwine is Research Fellow at The Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	p. ix
Introduction	p. 1
The Nationalist Movement in French Morocco during the Second World War	p. 9
Moroccan Nationalism in the 1930s	p. 9
Moroccan Nationalism during the Second World War	p. 17
Moroccan Nationalism at the End of the Second World War: Embracing the Idea of Independence	p. 25
The Establishment of the Istiqlal Party and the 1944 Riots	p. 31
Revival of Moroccan Nationalism and Establishment of Istiqlal	p. 32
Istiqlal's Manifesto	p. 36
The 1944 Riots	p. 51
The Istiqlal Party in the Aftermath of the 1944 Riots	p. 61
The Aftermath of the 1944 Riots	p. 62
The French Reform Initiative and the Resumption of Party Activity	p. 72
Istiqlal's Social Initiatives	p. 87
Towards New Activities	p. 87
The Party's Social Activities and their Meaning	p. 96
Istiqlal and the Sultan: The Rise of a National Leader	p. 111
The Sultan's Relations with the French Residency	p. 112
Relations between Sidi Mohammed and his Subjects	p. 121
The Sultan's Relations with the Nationalist Movement and Istiqlal	p. 123
Labonne's Reform Policies and their Influence on Istiqlal	p. 129
Background and Reactions to Labonne's Appointment	p. 129
Labonne's Policies: Release of Imprisoned Istiqlal Leaders	p. 136
Labonne's First Reform Plans and their Impact on the Political System	p. 145
The Sultan's Visit to Tangier and its Impact on the Emergence of Istiqlal	p. 155
Tangier in the Precolonial and Colonial Eras	p. 157
Istiqlal's Position on Tangier	p. 161
The Sultan's Visit	p. 163
In Anticipation of the Sultan's Visit	p. 167
Impact of the Sultan's Visit on French Policy and on Istiqlal	p. 173
An Intensified Nationalist Struggle: The Crisis of 1950-51	p. 181
Istiqlal's Involvement with the Working Class	p. 183
New Istiqlal Personalities: The Rise of Mehdi Ben Barka	p. 188
The Sultan's Deteriorating Relations with the Residency: The 1950-51 Crisis and its Impact on Istiqlal	p. 191
Turning Point of the Nationalist Struggle: The Deposition of the Sultan	p. 201
Increased Tension between the Residency, Monarchy and Istiqlal	p. 202
The Year 1953: The Sultan's Deposition	p. 208
Istiqlal's Reaction to the Sultan's Deposition	p. 219
Conclusion	p. 221
Notes	p. 225
Bibliography	p. 249
Index	p. 255
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