Engineering Drawing and Design

by Jensen, Cecil Howard; Helsel, Jay D.; Short, Dennis R.

• ISBN13: 9780078241543
• ISBN10: 0078241545
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-07-01
• Publisher: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co

Table of Contents

Preface	xii
Acknowledgments	xiv
About the Authors	xv
Drawing Standards Update	xv
Part 1 Basic Drawing and Design	1	(291)
Engineering Graphics as a language	2	(17)
The Language of Industry	2	(1)
Drawing Standards	3	(1)
Careers in Engineering Graphics	3	(3)
The Student	3	(2)
Places of Employment	5	(1)
Training, Qualifications, and Advancement	5	(1)
Employment Outlook	6	(1)
The Drafting Office	6	(1)
Board Drafting	7	(12)
Drafting Furniture	7	(1)
Drafting Equipment	7	(9)
Review and Assignments	16	(3)
Computer-Aided Drawing (CAD)	19	(15)
Overview	19	(1)
Components of a CAD System	20	(8)
Hardware	20	(5)
Software	25	(3)
Communication Environment	28	(2)
Local Area Networks (LANs)	28	(1)
Wide Area Networks (WANs) and the World Wide Web (WWW)	29	(1)
Cooperative Work Environments	29	(1)
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)	30	(4)
Computer Numerical Control	30	(1)
Robotics	30	(1)
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)	30	(2)
Review and Assignments	32	(2)
Drawing Media, Filing, Storage, and Reproduction	34	(14)
Drawing Media and Format	34	(4)
Drawing Media	34	(1)
Standard Drawing Sizes	34	(1)
Drawing Format	35	(3)
Filing and Storage	38	(3)
Filing Systems	38	(2)
CAD	40	(1)
Drawing Reproduction	41	(7)
Reproduction Equipment	41	(4)
Computer-Aided Drawing	45	(2)
Review and Assignments	47	(1)
Basic Drafting Skills	48	(30)
Straight Line Work, Lettering, and Erasing	48	(8)
Board Drafting	48	(6)
CAD	54	(1)
Coordinate Input	54	(2)
Circles and Arcs	56	(2)
Center Lines	56	(1)
CAD	56	(1)
Drawing Circles and Arcs	56	(1)
CAD	56	(2)
Drawing Irregular Curves	58	(1)
CAD	58	(1)
Sketching	59	(19)
Sketching Paper	59	(3)
Basic Steps to Follow When Sketching	62	(1)
Computer-Aided Drawing	63	(3)
Review and Assignments	66	(12)
Applied Geometry	78	(20)
Beginning Geometry: Straight Lines	78	(3)
Arcs and Circles	81	(2)
Polygons	83	(1)
Ellipse	84	(1)
Helix and Parabola	85	(13)
Helix	85	(1)
Parabola	86	(1)
Computer-Aided Drawing	87	(4)
Review and Assignments	91	(7)
Theory of Shape Description	98	(50)
Orthographic Representations	98	(6)
Theory of Shape Description	98	(1)
Orthographic Representations	98	(1)
Methods of Representation	99	(3)
CAD Coordinate Input for Orthographic Representation	102	(2)
Arrangement and Construction of Views	104	(2)
Spacing the Views	104	(1)
Use of a Miter Line	105	(1)
CAD	106	(1)
All Surfaces Parallel and All Edges and Lines Visible	106	(1)
Hidden Surfaces and Edges	107	(1)
CAD	108	(1)
Inclined Surfaces	108	(1)
Circular Features	109	(1)
Center Lines	109	(1)
Oblique Surfaces	110	(1)
One- and Two-View Drawings	111	(1)
View Selection	111	(1)
One-View Drawings	111	(1)
Two-View Drawings	111	(1)
Special Views	111	(2)
Partial Views	111	(1)
Rear Views and Enlarged Views	112	(1)
Conventional Representation of Common Features	113	(1)
Repetitive Details	113	(1)
Repetitive Parts	114	(1)
Square Sections	114	(1)
Conventional Breaks	114	(1)
Materials of Construction	114	(1)
Transparent Materials	115	(1)
Cylindrical Intersections	115	(1)
Foreshortened Projection	116	(1)
Holes Revolved to Show True Distance from Center	116	(1)
Intersections of Unfinished Surfaces	116	(32)
Computer-Aided Drawing	118	(3)
Review and Assignments	121	(27)
Auxiliary Views and Revolutions	148	(47)
Primary Auxiliary Views	148	(3)
Dimensioning Auxiliary Views	150	(1)
Circular Features in Auxiliary Projection	151	(1)
Multi-Auxiliary-View Drawings	152	(1)
Secondary Auxiliary Views	153	(3)
Revolutions	156	(5)
Reference Planes	156	(1)
Revolutions	156	(2)
The Rule of Revolution	158	(1)
True Shape of an Oblique Surface Found by Successive Revolutions	158	(1)
Auxiliary Views and Revolved Views	159	(1)
True Length of a Line	160	(1)
Locating Points and Lines in Space	161	(3)
Points in Space	161	(1)
Lines in Space	161	(1)
True Length of an Oblique Line by Auxiliary View Projection	162	(1)
Point on a Line	162	(2)
Point-on-Point View of a Line	164	(1)
Planes in Space	164	(4)
Locating a Line in a Plane	164	(1)
Locating a Point on a Plane	165	(1)
Locating the Piercing Point of a Line and a Plane---Cutting-Plane Method	165	(1)
Locating the Piercing Point of a Line and a Plane---Auxiliary View Method	166	(2)
Establishing Visibility of Lines in Space	168	(2)
Visibility of Oblique Lines by Testing	168	(1)
Visibility of Lines and Surfaces by Testing	169	(1)
Visibility of Lines and Surfaces by Observation	169	(1)
Distances between Lines and Points	170	(3)
Distance from a Point to a Line	170	(1)
Shortest Distance between Two Oblique Lines	170	(3)
Edge and True View of Planes	173	(3)
Planes in Combination	174	(2)
Angles between Lines and Planes	176	(19)
The Angle a Line Makes with a Plane	176	(1)
Edge Lines of Two Planes	177	(2)
Computer-Aided Drawing	179	(2)
Review and Assignments	181	(14)
Basic Dimensioning	195	(61)
Basic Dimensioning	195	(8)
Dimensioning	195	(4)
Units of Measurement	199	(1)
Dual Dimensioning	200	(1)
Angular Units	200	(1)
Reading Direction	201	(1)
Basic Rules for Dimensioning	201	(1)
Symmetrical Outlines	202	(1)
Reference Dimensions	202	(1)
Not-to-Scale Dimensions	202	(1)
Operational Names	202	(1)
Abbreviations	202	(1)
Dimensioning Circular Features	203	(4)
Diameters	203	(1)
Radii	204	(3)
Dimensioning Common Features	207	(3)
Repetitive Features and Dimensions	207	(1)
Chamfers	207	(1)
Slopes and Tapers	208	(1)
Knurls	209	(1)
Formed Parts	209	(1)
Undercuts	210	(1)
Limited Lengths and Areas	210	(1)
Wire, Sheet Metal, and Drill Rod	210	(1)
Dimensioning Methods	210	(3)
Rectangular Coordinate Dimensioning	211	(1)
Polar Coordinate Dimensioning	211	(1)
Chordal Dimensioning	211	(1)
True-Position Dimensioning	211	(1)
Chain Dimensioning	211	(2)
Datum or Common-Point Dimensioning	213	(1)
Limits and Tolerances	213	(6)
Key Concepts	214	(1)
Tolerancing	215	(3)
Additional Rules for Dimensioning	218	(1)
Fits and Allowances	219	(7)
Fits	219	(1)
Allowance	219	(1)
Description of Fits	220	(1)
Interchangeability of Parts	220	(1)
Standard Inch Fits	220	(2)
Basic Hole System	222	(1)
Basic Shaft System	223	(1)
Preferred Metric Limits and Fits	223	(3)
Surface Texture	226	(30)
Surface Texture Characteristics	227	(1)
Surface Texture Symbol	227	(4)
Application	231	(1)
Machined Surfaces	231	(3)
Computer-Aided Drawing	234	(3)
Review and Assignments	237	(19)
Sections	256	(36)
Sectional Views	256	(3)
Cutting-Plane Lines	256	(1)
Full Sections	257	(1)
Section Lining	258	(1)
Two or More Sectional Views on One Drawing	259	(1)
Half-Sections	260	(1)
Threads in Section	261	(1)
Threaded Assemblies	261	(1)
Assemblies in Section	262	(1)
Section Lining on Assembly Drawings	262	(1)
Offset Sections	263	(2)
Ribs, Holes, and Lugs in Section	265	(1)
Ribs in Sections	265	(1)
Holes in Sections	266	(1)
Lugs in Section	266	(1)
Revolved and Removed Sections	266	(2)
Placement of Sectional Views	267	(1)
Spokes and Arms in Section	268	(1)
Partial or Broken-Out Sections	268	(1)
Phantom or Hidden Sections	269	(1)
Sectional Drawing Review	269	(23)
Computer-Aided Drawing	270	(2)
Review and Assignments	272	(20)
Part 2 Fasteners, Materials, and Forming Processes	292	(128)
Threaded Fasteners	294	(35)
Simplified Thread Representation	294	(7)
Screw Threads	295	(1)
Thread Forms	295	(1)
Thread Representation	295	(1)
Right- and Left-Hand Threads	296	(1)
Single and Multiple Threads	296	(1)
Simplified Thread Representation	297	(1)
Threaded Assemblies	297	(1)
Inch Threads	297	(1)
Metric Threads	298	(2)
Pipe Threads	300	(1)
Detailed and Schematic Thread Representation	301	(2)
Detailed Thread Representation	301	(1)
Schematic Thread Representation	302	(1)
Common Threaded Fasteners	303	(6)
Fastener Selection	303	(1)
Fastener Definitions	303	(1)
The Change to Metric Fasteners	304	(1)
Fastener Configuration	304	(1)
Property Classes of Fasteners	305	(1)
Drawing a Bolt and Nut	306	(1)
Studs	307	(1)
Washers	307	(1)
Terms Related to Threaded Fasteners	308	(1)
Specifying Fasteners	308	(1)
Special Fasteners	309	(4)
Setscrews	309	(1)
Keeping Fasteners Tight	310	(1)
Locknuts	310	(2)
Captive or Self-Retaining Nuts	312	(1)
Inserts	312	(1)
Sealing Fasteners	312	(1)
Fasteners for Light-Gage Metal, Plastic, and Wood	313	(16)
Tapping Screws	313	(2)
Special Tapping Screws	315	(2)
Computer-Aided Drawing	317	(2)
Review and Assignments	319	(10)
Miscellaneous Types of Fasteners	329	(36)
Keys, Splines, and Serrations	329	(3)
Keys	329	(1)
Splines and Serrations	330	(2)
Pin Fasteners	332	(4)
Semipermanent Pins	333	(2)
Quick-Release Pins	335	(1)
Retaining Rings	336	(1)
Stamped Retaining Rings	336	(1)
Wire-Formed Retaining Rings	337	(1)
Spiral-Wound Retaining Rings	337	(1)
Springs	337	(4)
Types of Springs	337	(2)
Spring Drawings	339	(1)
Spring Clips	339	(2)
Rivets	341	(6)
Standard Rivets	341	(1)
Large Rivets	341	(1)
Rivets for Aerospace Equipment	341	(1)
Small Rivets	342	(3)
Blind Rivets	345	(2)
Welded Fasteners	347	(2)
Resistance-Welded Fasteners	347	(1)
Arc-Welded Studs	347	(2)
Adhesive Fastenings	349	(2)
Adhesion versus Stress	349	(1)
Joint Design	350	(1)
Fastener Review for Chapters 10 and 11	351	(14)
Review and Assignments	352	(13)
Manufacturing Materials	365	(23)
Cast Irons and Ferrous Metals	365	(2)
Ferrous Metals	365	(1)
Cast Iron	365	(2)
Carbon Steel	367	(6)
Carbon and Low-Alloy Cast Steels	367	(1)
High-Alloy Cast Steels	367	(1)
Carbon Steels	367	(1)
Steel Specification	367	(2)
SAE and AISI--Systems of Steel Identification	369	(3)
High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels	372	(1)
Low- and Medium-Alloy Steels	372	(1)
Stainless Steels	372	(1)
Free-Machining Steels	372	(1)
Nonferrous Metals	373	(2)
Manufacturing with Metals	373	(1)
Aluminum	373	(1)
Copper	373	(1)
Nickel	374	(1)
Magnesium	374	(1)
Zinc	374	(1)
Titanium	374	(1)
Beryllium	374	(1)
Refractory Metals	375	(1)
Precious Metals	375	(1)
Plastics	375	(6)
Thermoplastics	376	(1)
Thermosetting Plastics	376	(1)
Machining	376	(1)
Material Selection	376	(1)
Forming Processes	376	(5)
Rubber	381	(7)
Material and Characteristics	381	(1)
Kinds of Rubber	381	(1)
Assembly Methods	381	(1)
Design Considerations	381	(2)
Review and Assignments	383	(5)
Forming Processes	388	(32)
Metal Castings	388	(11)
Forming Processes	388	(1)
Casting Processes	388	(4)
Selection of Process	392	(1)
Design Considerations	393	(2)
Drafting Practices	395	(2)
Casting Datums	397	(1)
Machining Datums	398	(1)
Forgings	399	(5)
Closed-Die Forging	399	(1)
General Design Rules	400	(2)
Drafting Practices	402	(2)
Powder Metallurgy	404	(1)
Design Considerations	404	(1)
Plastic Molded Parts	404	(16)
Single Parts	404	(3)
Assemblies	407	(3)
Drawings	410	(1)
Review and Assignments	411	(9)
Part 3 Working Drawings and Design	420	(318)
Detail and Assembly Drawings	422	(61)
Drawing Quality Assurance	422	(2)
Review Considerations	422	(1)
Drawing Considerations	423	(1)
Fabrication Considerations	424	(1)
Installation Considerations	424	(1)
Functional Drafting	424	(5)
Procedural Shortcuts	424	(2)
Reducing the Number of Drawings Required	426	(1)
Simplified Representations in Drawings	427	(1)
Reproduction Shortcuts	427	(1)
Photo drawings	427	(2)
Detail Drawings	429	(4)
Detail Drawing Requirements	429	(1)
Drawing Checklist	429	(1)
Qualifications of a Detailer	430	(1)
Manufacturing Methods	431	(2)
Multiple Detail Drawings	433	(1)
Drawing Revisions	433	(1)
Assembly Drawings	434	(3)
Design Assembly Drawings	435	(1)
Installation Assembly Drawings	435	(1)
Assembly Drawings for Catalogs	435	(1)
Item List	435	(2)
Exploded Assembly Drawings	437	(1)
Detail Assembly Drawings	437	(3)
Subassembly Drawings	440	(43)
Computer-Aided Drawing	441	(1)
Review and Assignments	442	(41)
Pictorial Drawings	483	(57)
Pictorial Drawings	483	(7)
Axonometric Projection	483	(3)
Isometric Drawings	486	(1)
Nonisometric Lines	486	(1)
Dimensioning Isometric Drawings	486	(1)
Isometric Sketching	487	(1)
Basic Steps to Follow for Isometric Sketching (Fig. 15-1-12)	488	(1)
CAD	488	(2)
Curved Surfaces in Isometric	490	(1)
Circles and Arcs in Isometric	490	(1)
Drawing Irregular Curves in Isometric	490	(1)
CAD	490	(1)
Common Features in Isometric	491	(2)
Isometric Sectioning	491	(2)
Fillets and Rounds	493	(1)
Threads	493	(1)
Break Lines	493	(1)
Isometric Assembly Drawings	493	(1)
Oblique Projection	493	(4)
Inclined Surfaces	494	(1)
Oblique Sketching	494	(2)
Basic Steps to Follow for Oblique Sketching (Fig. 15-4-7)	496	(1)
Dimensioning Oblique Drawings	496	(1)
CAD	496	(1)
Common Features in Oblique	497	(4)
Circles and Arcs	497	(1)
Oblique Sectioning	498	(1)
Treatment of Conventional Features	498	(1)
CAD	499	(2)
Parallel, or One-Point, Perspective	501	(5)
Perspective Projection	501	(1)
Types of Perspective Drawings	502	(1)
Parallel, or One-Point, Perspective	502	(1)
Basic Steps to Follow for Parallel Perspective Sketching (Fig. 15-6-9)	503	(3)
Angular, or Two-Point, Perspective	506	(5)
Angular-Perspective Sketching	507	(3)
Basic Steps to Follow for Angular-Perspective Sketching (Fig. 15-7-10)	510	(1)
CAD	510	(1)
Solid Modeling	511	(29)
Wire-Frame Modeling	512	(1)
Surface Modeling	512	(1)
Solid Modeling	512	(2)
Image Generation	514	(1)
Data Extraction	514	(3)
Computer-Aided Drawing	517	(4)
Review and Assignments	521	(19)
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing	540	(120)
Modern Engineering Tolerancing	540	(7)
Basic Concepts	541	(1)
Size of Dimensions	541	(2)
Interpretation of Drawings and Dimensions	543	(1)
Assumed Datums	543	(4)
Geometric Tolerancing	547	(5)
Feature Control Frame	547	(1)
Placement of Feature Control Frame	547	(1)
Form Tolerances	548	(1)
Straightness	549	(3)
Flatness	552	(1)
Flatness of a Surface	552	(1)
Flatness per Unit Area	552	(1)
Two or More Flat Surfaces in One Plane	552	(1)
Straightness of a Feature of Size	553	(6)
Features of Size	553	(1)
Material Condition Symbols (Modifiers)	554	(1)
Applicability of RFS, MMC, and LMC	555	(2)
Straightness of a Feature of Size	557	(2)
Datums and the Three-Plane Concept	559	(6)
Datums	559	(1)
Datums for Geometric Tolerancing	559	(2)
Three-Plane System	561	(1)
Identification of Datums	562	(3)
Orientation Tolerancing of Flat Surfaces	565	(2)
Reference to a Datum	565	(1)
Angularity Tolerance	565	(1)
Perpendicularity Tolerance	565	(1)
Parallelism Tolerance	565	(1)
Examples of Orientation Tolerancing	565	(1)
Control in Two Directions	566	(1)
Datum Features Subject to Size Variation	567	(5)
Parts with Cylindrical Datum Features	567	(1)
RFS and MMC Applications	568	(4)
Orientation Tolerancing for Features of Size	572	(7)
Angularity Tolerance	572	(1)
Parallelism Tolerance	573	(1)
Perpendicularity Tolerance	573	(1)
Control in Two Directions	573	(1)
Control on an MMC Basis	573	(2)
Internal Cylindrical Features	575	(3)
External Cylindrical Features	578	(1)
Positional Tolerancing	579	(10)
Tolerancing Methods	579	(1)
Coordinate Tolerancing	580	(3)
Positional Tolerancing	583	(6)
Projected Tolerance Zone	589	(2)
Datum Targets	591	(4)
Datum Target Symbol	592	(1)
Identification Targets	592	(1)
Targets Not in the Same Plane	593	(2)
Partial Surfaces as Datums	595	(1)
Dimensioning for Target Location	595	(1)
Circularity and Cylindricity	595	(4)
Circularity	595	(2)
Cylindricity	597	(2)
Profile Tolerancing	599	(5)
Profiles	599	(1)
Profile Symbols	599	(1)
Profile-of-a-Line Tolerance	599	(3)
Profile-of-a-Surface Tolerance	602	(2)
Correlative Tolerances	604	(6)
Coplanarity	604	(1)
Concentricity	605	(1)
Coaxiality	606	(1)
Symmetry	607	(2)
Runout	609	(1)
Positional Tolerancing for Noncylindrical Features	610	(4)
Noncircular Features at MMC	610	(4)
Positional Tolerancing for Multiple Patterns of Features	614	(7)
Composite Positional Tolerancing	614	(7)
Formulas for Positional Tolerancing	621	(4)
Floating Fasteners	621	(1)
Calculating Clearance	622	(1)
Fixed Fasteners	622	(2)
Unequal Tolerances and Hole Sizes	624	(1)
Coaxial Features	624	(1)
Perpendicularity Errors	625	(1)
Summary of Rules for Geometric Tolerancing	625	(35)
When to Use Geometric Tolerancing	625	(1)
Basic Rules	625	(3)
Computer-Aided Drawing	628	(1)
Review and Assignments	629	(31)
Drawings for Numerical Control	660	(12)
Two-Axis Control Systems	660	(4)
Computer Numerical Control (CNC)	660	(1)
Dimensioning for Numerical Control	661	(1)
Dimensioning for a Two-Axis Coordinate System	661	(3)
Three-Axis Control Systems	664	(8)
Dimensioning and Tolerancing	666	(1)
Review and Assignments	667	(5)
Welding Drawings	672	(46)
Designing for Welding	672	(2)
Welding Processes	672	(2)
Welding Symbols	674	(7)
The Design of Welded Joints	679	(2)
Fillet Welds	681	(5)
Fillet Weld Symbols	681	(3)
Size of Fillet Welds	684	(2)
Groove Welds	686	(7)
Use of Break in Arrow of Bevel and J-Groove Welding Symbols	686	(1)
Groove Weld Symbols	686	(5)
Groove Joint Design	691	(2)
Other Basic Welds	693	(25)
Plug Welds	693	(1)
Slot Welds	694	(1)
Spot Welds	695	(4)
Seam Welds	699	(1)
Surfacing Welds	700	(1)
Flanged Welds	701	(1)
Stud Welds	702	(2)
Computer-Aided Drawing	704	(1)
Review and Assignments	705	(13)
Design Concepts	718	(20)
The Design Process	718	(4)
The Design Process	718	(1)
The Engineering Approach to Successful Design	719	(1)
Part Specifications	720	(1)
Do's and Don'ts for Designers	721	(1)
Assembly Considerations	722	(8)
Cost of Assembly	722	(1)
Attachments	722	(6)
Design Checklist	728	(2)
Design Approach to a Fabricated Structure	730	(1)
Concurrent Engineering	730	(1)
Concurrent Engineering through Computers	730	(1)
Project Management	731	(7)
Review and Assignments	734	(4)
Part 4 Power Transmissions	738	(116)
Belts, Chains, and Gears	740	(48)
Belt Drives	740	(9)
Flat Belts	740	(1)
Conventional Flat Belts	741	(1)
V-Belts	742	(2)
How to Select a Light-Duty V-Belt Drive	744	(5)
Chain Drives	749	(12)
Basic Types	749	(2)
Sprockets	751	(1)
Design of Roller Chain Drives	751	(10)
Gear Drives	761	(6)
Spur Gears	761	(6)
Power-Transmitting Capacity of Spur Gears	767	(2)
Selecting the Spur Gear Drive	767	(2)
Rack and Pinion	769	(1)
Bevel Gears	770	(2)
Working Drawings of Bevel Gears	770	(2)
Worm and Worm Gears	772	(3)
Working Drawings of Worm and Worm Gears	774	(1)
Comparison of Chain, Gear, and Belt Drives	775	(13)
Chains	775	(1)
Gears	775	(1)
Belts	775	(1)
Chain Drives Compared with Gear Drives	775	(1)
Chain Drives Compared with Belt Drives	776	(1)
Conclusion	776	(1)
Computer-Aided Drawing	777	(1)
Review and Assignments	778	(10)
Couplings, Bearings, and Seals	788	(35)
Couplings and Flexible Shafts	788	(3)
Couplings	788	(2)
Flexible Shafts	790	(1)
Bearings	791	(1)
Plain Bearings	791	(1)
Autifriction Bearings	792	(7)
Bearing Loads	792	(1)
Ball Bearings	792	(2)
Roller Bearings	794	(1)
Bearing Selection	794	(1)
Bearing Classifications	795	(1)
Shaft and Housing Fits	795	(2)
Bearing Symbols	797	(2)
Premounted Bearings	799	(1)
Lubricants and Radial Seals	800	(6)
Lubricants	800	(1)
Grease and Oil Seals	801	(1)
Radial Seals	802	(4)
Seal Symbols	806	(1)
Static Seals and Sealants	806	(17)
O-Ring Seals	806	(1)
Flat Nonmetallic Gaskets	807	(1)
Metallic Gaskets	808	(1)
Sealants	808	(1)
Exclusion Seals	808	(3)
Review and Assignments	811	(12)
Cams, Linkages, and Actuators	823	(31)
Cams, Linkages, and Actuators	823	(7)
Cam Nomenclature	824	(1)
Cam Followers	825	(1)
Cam Motions	825	(5)
Simplified Method for Laying Out Cam Motion	830	(1)
Cam Displacement Diagrams	830	(1)
Plate Cams	830	(5)
Conjugate Cams	830	(1)
Timing Diagrams	830	(2)
Dimensioning Cams	832	(1)
Cam Size	833	(2)
Positive-Motion Cams	835	(1)
Drum Cams	836	(2)
Indexing	838	(2)
Linkages	840	(3)
Locus of a Point	840	(1)
Cams versus Linkages	840	(1)
Straight-Line Mechanism	841	(1)
Systems Having Linkages and Cams	842	(1)
Ratchet Wheels	843	(11)
Computer-Aided Drawing	845	(1)
Review and Assignments	846	(8)
Part 5 Special Fields of Drafting	854
Developments and Intersections	856	(44)
Surface Developments	856	(2)
Sheet-Metal Development	856	(2)
Straight-Line Development	858	(1)
The Packaging Industry	858	(2)
Radial Line Development of Flat Surfaces	860	(3)
Parallel Line Development of Cylindrical Surfaces	863	(3)
Radial Line Development of Conical Surfaces	866	(2)
Development of Transition Pieces by Triangulation	868	(3)
Development of a Sphere	871	(1)
Intersection of Flat Surfaces---Lines Perpendicular	872	(3)
Intersection of Cylindrical Surfaces	875	(1)
Intersecting Prisms	876	(3)
Stampings	879	(21)
Design Considerations	879	(6)
Computer-Aided Drawing	885	(1)
Review and Assignments	886	(14)
Pipe Drawings	900	(22)
Pipes	900	(8)
Kinds of Pipes	900	(1)
Pipe Joints and Fitting	901	(2)
Valves	903	(1)
Piping Drawings	904	(4)
Isometric Projection of Piping Drawings	908	(2)
Supplementary Piping Information	910	(12)
Computer-Aided Drawing	913	(2)
Review and Assignments	915	(7)
Structural Drafting	922	(33)
Structural Drafting	922	(7)
The Building Process	922	(1)
Structural Steel--Plain Material	923	(5)
Structural Drawing Practices	928	(1)
Beams	929	(4)
Assembly Clearances	930	(1)
Simple Square-Framed Beams	931	(2)
Standard Connections	933	(6)
Bolted Connections	933	(6)
Sectioning	939	(3)
Bottom Views	939	(1)
Elimination of Top and Bottom Views	940	(1)
Right- and Left-Hand Details	940	(2)
Seated Beam Connections	942	(2)
Dimensioning	944	(11)
Bills of Material	944	(1)
Calculations of Weights (Masses)	945	(1)
Computer-Aided Drawing	946	(2)
Review and Assignments	948	(7)
Jigs and Fixtures	955	(21)
Jig and Fixture Design	955	(4)
Jigs	955	(2)
Drill Jigs	957	(1)
Drill Bushings	957	(2)
Drill Jig Components	959	(6)
Jig Body	959	(1)
Cap Screws and Dowel Pins	959	(1)
Locating Devices	959	(3)
Clamping Devices	962	(1)
Locking Pins	963	(1)
Miscellaneous Standard Parts	963	(1)
Design Examples	963	(2)
Dimensioning Jig Drawings	965	(1)
Fixtures	966	(10)
Milling Fixtures	966	(1)
Fixture Components	967	(1)
Fixture Design Considerations	968	(3)
Sequence in Laying Out a Fixture	971	(1)
Review and Assignments	972	(4)
Electrical and Electronics Drawings	976
Electrical and Electronics Drawings	976	(1)
Standardization	976	(1)
Using CAD for Electrical Drawings	977	(1)
Schematic Diagrams	977	(4)
Laying Out a Schematic Diagram	978	(1)
Graphic Symbols	978	(3)
Wiring (Connection) Diagrams	981	(2)
Basic Rules for Laying Out a Wiring Diagram	982	(1)
Printed Circuit Boards	983	(4)
CAD for Printed Circuit Boards	984	(3)
Basic Rules for Laying Out a Printed Circuit	987	(1)
Block and Logic Diagrams	987
Block Diagrams	987	(1)
Logic Diagrams	987	(1)
Graphic Symbols	987	(5)
Computer-Aided Drawing	992	(1)
Review and Assignments	993
Glossary	1	(1)
Appendix---Standard Parts and Technical Data	1	(1)
Index	1