English Composition and Grammar: Complete Course

by Warriner, John E.

• ISBN13: 9780153117367
• ISBN10: 0153117362
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1988-06-01
• Publisher: Holt Rhinehart and Winston

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Part One: COMPOSITION: The Writing Process
Writing and Thinking	3	(32)
The Writing Process
The Writing Process	3	(1)
Prewriting	4	(1)
The Writer's Purpose	4	(2)
Analyzing How Purpose Affects Writing	5	(1)
The Writer's Audience	6	(3)
Analyzing How Audience Affects Writing	7	(2)
Choosing and Limiting a Subject	9	(2)
Analyzing a Subject	10	(1)
Tone	11	(1)
Gathering Information	12	(1)
Direct and Indirect Observation	12	(2)
Observing Details	13	(1)
A Writer's Journal	14	(1)
Brainstorming and Clustering	14	(2)
Asking the 5 W-How? Questions	16	(1)
Asking Point-of-View Questions	17	(1)
Classifying Information	18	(2)
Classifying Ideas and Details	18	(2)
Arranging Information	20	(1)
Writing the First Draft	21	(1)
Writing the First Draft	21	(1)
Synthesis	21	(1)
Evaluating	22	(1)
Evaluating Your Writing	22	(3)
Evaluating Content, Organization, and Style	23	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating	23	(2)
Revising	25	(1)
Revising Your First Draft	25	(4)
Revising a Draft	27	(2)
Proofreading	29	(1)
Proofreading Your Writing	29	(2)
Applying the Standards of Written English	30	(1)
Guidelines for Proofreading	30	(1)
Writing the Final Version	31	(1)
Correct Manuscript Form	31	(2)
Guidelines for Correct Manuscript Form	31	(1)
Abbreviations	32	(1)
Numbers	32	(1)
Hyphenation	33	(1)
Writing Review	33	(2)
Revising and Proofreading Symbols	34	(1)
Writing Paragraphs	35	(50)
Structure, Development, Purposes the Structure of a Paragraph	35	(1)
The Main Idea	35	(1)
The Topic Sentence	36	(1)
The Implied Main Idea	36	(1)
Topic and Restriction Sentences	37	(1)
Supporting Sentences	37	(2)
The Clincher Sentence	39	(1)
The Development of a Paragraph	40	(1)
Prewriting	40	(1)
Choosing and Limiting a Subject	40	(1)
Considering Purpose, Audience, and Tone	41	(1)
Gathering Information	42	(1)
Developing a Paragraph Plan	42	(4)
Writing Effective Topic Sentences	42	(3)
Selecting and Arranging Details	45	(1)
Writing	46	(1)
Unity	46	(1)
Coherence	47	(10)
Logical Order	48	(1)
Chronological Order	48	(1)
Spatial Order	49	(1)
Order of Importance	50	(1)
Comparison and Contrast	51	(2)
Analogy	53	(2)
Relationships Between Ideas	55	(1)
Direct References	55	(1)
Transitional Expressions	55	(2)
Writing a First Draft	57	(1)
Evaluating	58	(1)
Evaluating Your Paragraph	58	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Paragraphs	58	(1)
Revising	59	(1)
Revising Your Paragraph	59	(4)
Revising Paragraphs	60	(3)
Proofreading and Preparing a Final Copy	63	(1)
Proofreading Your Paragraph and Preparing a Final Copy	63	(1)
Four Types of Paragraphs	64	(1)
The Expository Paragraph	64	(9)
Developing with Facts and Statistics	64	(1)
Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions	65	(2)
Developing with Examples	67	(2)
Developing by Means of Cause and Effect	69	(2)
Developing by Definition	71	(1)
Evaluating and Revising Expository Paragraphs	72	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Expository Paragraphs	72	(1)
The Persuasive Paragraph	73	(4)
Developing with Reasons	73	(3)
Evaluating and Revising Persuasive Paragraphs	76	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Persuasive Paragraphs	76	(1)
The Descriptive Paragraph	77	(4)
Developing with Concrete and Sensory Details	78	(1)
Evaluating and Revising Descriptive Paragraphs	79	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Descriptive Paragraphs	79	(2)
The Narrative Paragraph	81	(4)
Developing with an Incident	81	(1)
Evaluating and Revising Narrative Paragraphs	82	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Narrative Paragraphs	83	(1)
Writing Review	84	(1)
Writing Expository Compositions	85	(37)
The Whole Composition	85	(1)
Prewriting	85	(1)
Searching for Subjects	85	(2)
Your Own Experiences	86	(1)
The Experiences of Others	87	(1)
Selecting and Limiting Subjects	87	(2)
Selecting a Subject	88	(1)
Limiting a Subject	88	(1)
Considering Purpose, Audience, and Tone	89	(5)
Considering Purpose	90	(1)
Considering Audience	91	(1)
Considering Tone	91	(3)
Choosing a Title	94	(1)
Gathering Information	94	(3)
Classifying and Arranging Ideas	97	(4)
Developing a Topic Outline	98	(1)
Developing a Sentence Outline	98	(1)
Rules for Outlining	99	(2)
Writing a Thesis Statement	101	(1)
Writing	102	(1)
Writing the First Draft	102	(7)
Writing the Introduction	102	(1)
Beginning with a Story	103	(1)
Beginning with a Startling Statement	104	(1)
Beginning with a Question	104	(1)
Beginning with an Example	105	(1)
Writing the Body	105	(1)
Using Paragraphs Effectively	105	(1)
Achieving Coherence	106	(2)
Writing the Conclusion	108	(1)
Studying a Sample Composition	109	(5)
Synthesizing Ideas	113	(1)
Evaluating	114	(1)
Evaluating Expository Compositions	114	(2)
Guidelines for Evaluating Expository Compositions	114	(2)
Revising	116	(1)
Revising a First Draft	116	(3)
Revising Expository Compositions	116	(3)
Proofreading	119	(1)
Proofreading Expository Compositions	119	(1)
Writing the Final Version	120	(1)
Preparing the Final Draft of Your Expository Composition	120	(2)
Writing Review	120	(1)
Guidelines for Writing Expository Compositions	120	(2)
Writing Expository Compositions	122	(47)
Specific Expository Writing Assignments
Exposition That Informs	122	(4)
Prewriting Hints for Exposition That Informs	122	(1)
Writing Exposition That Informs	123	(2)
Guidelines for Evaluating Exposition that Informs	125	(1)
Exposition That Explains	126	(4)
Prewriting Hints for Exposition That Explains	126	(1)
Writing Exposition That Explains	126	(3)
Guidelines for Evaluating Exposition that Explains	129	(1)
Informal (Personal) Essays	130	(5)
Prewriting Hints for Informal Essays	130	(1)
Writing Informal Essays	131	(3)
Guidelines for Evaluating Informal Essays	134	(1)
Explaining Cause and Effect	135	(5)
Prewriting Hints for Cause-Effect Explanations	135	(1)
Writing Cause-Effect Explanations	136	(3)
Guidelines for Evaluating Cause-Effect Explanations	139	(1)
Essays of Classification	140	(6)
Prewriting Hints for Essays of Classification	140	(2)
Writing Essays of Classification	142	(3)
Guidelines for Evaluating Essays of Classification	145	(1)
Essays of Definition	146	(6)
Prewriting Hints for Essays of Definition	146	(2)
Writing Essays of Definition	148	(3)
Guidelines for Evaluating Essays of Definition	151	(1)
Critical Reviews	152	(9)
Prewriting Hints for Critical Reviews	152	(2)
Writing Critical Reviews	154	(6)
Guidelines for Evaluating Critical Reviews	160	(1)
Essays of Literary Analysis	161	(8)
Prewriting Hints for Essays of Literary Analysis	161	(2)
Writing Essays of Literary Analysis	163	(5)
Guidelines for Evaluating Essays of Literary Analysis	168	(1)
Writing Persuasive Compositions	169	(41)
Language and Logic
Developing a Persuasive Composition	169	(1)
Prewriting	170	(1)
Considering Form and Audience	170	(1)
Choosing a Topic	171	(1)
Writing a Position Statement	172	(2)
Making Position Statements Specific	173	(1)
Building an Argument	174	(9)
Choosing Reasons	174	(1)
Evaluating Reasons	175	(2)
Refuting the Opposing Viewpoint	177	(2)
Choosing and Gathering Evidence	179	(1)
Evaluating Evidence	180	(1)
Outlining the Argument	181	(1)
Evaluating an Argument	182	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating a Persuasive Argument	182	(1)
Writing	183	(1)
Writing the First Draft	183	(4)
The Introduction	183	(1)
The Body	184	(2)
The Conclusion	186	(1)
Evaluating	187	(1)
Evaluating a First Draft	187	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Persuasive Compositions	187	(1)
Revising and Proofreading	188	(1)
Revising a First Draft	188	(3)
Revising Persuasive Compositions	188	(3)
Proofreading and Making a Final Copy	191	(1)
Logical Thinking	192	(1)
Inductive Reasoning	192	(5)
Gathering Evidence	192	(1)
Making a Generalization	192	(3)
Using Inductive Reasoning in Persuasive Writing	195	(1)
Evaluating an Inductive Argument	195	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating an Inductive Argument	196	(1)
Deductive Reasoning	197	(5)
The Syllogism	197	(2)
Using Deductive Reasoning in Persuasive Writing	199	(1)
Evaluating a Deductive Argument	200	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating a Deductive Argument	200	(2)
Argument by Analogy	202	(1)
Avoiding Errors in Reasoning	203	(3)
Recognizing Fallacies	203	(1)
Hasty Generalization	203	(1)
Stereotype	204	(1)
Cause-and-Effect Fallacy	204	(1)
Only Cause Fallacy	204	(1)
False Analogy	205	(1)
Attacking the Person	205	(1)
Either-Or Fallacy	205	(1)
Non Sequitur	206	(1)
Circular Reasoning	206	(1)
Begging the Question	206	(1)
Propaganda: Appeals to Emotion	206	(4)
Loaded Words	207	(1)
Glittering Generalities	207	(1)
The Bandwagon	207	(1)
Plain-Folks Appeal	208	(1)
Snob Appeal	208	(1)
Testimonial	208	(1)
Writing Reviews	209	(1)
Imaginative and Expressive Writing	210	(45)
Personal Narratives, Stories and Plays, and Poetry
Writing a Personal Narrative	210	(1)
Prewriting	211	(1)
Choosing a Personal Experience	211	(1)
Identifying Audience and Tone	212	(1)
Gathering Information and Planning Your Personal Narrative	213	(3)
Writing	216	(1)
Writing the First Draft	216	(1)
Evaluating, Revising, and Proofreading	216	(1)
Evaluating, Revising, and Proofreading Your Narrative	216	(4)
Evaluating	217	(1)
Evaluation	217	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Personal Narratives	217	(1)
Revising and Proofreading	217	(1)
Revising Personal Narratives	218	(2)
Writing Stories and Plays	220	(1)
Prewriting	220	(1)
Choosing a Situation and Conflict	220	(1)
Considering a Theme	221	(1)
Considering Purpose, Audience, and Tone	222	(1)
Selecting a Point of View	223	(1)
Gathering Information and Planning a Short Story or a Play	224	(3)
Writing	227	(1)
Making Writing Interesting	227	(3)
Interesting Writing Is Specific	227	(2)
Interesting Writing Is Rich in Images	229	(1)
Developing Interesting, Believable Characters	230	(4)
Using Description	230	(2)
Using Dialogue	232	(2)
Creating a Setting	234	(2)
Using Stage Direction in a Play	234	(1)
Using Description in a Short Story	235	(1)
Writing a First Draft	236	(1)
Evaluating, Revising, and Proofreading	237	(1)
Evaluating, Revising, and Proofreading Your Story or Play	237	(4)
Evaluating	237	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Stories	237	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Plays	238	(1)
Revising and Proofreading	238	(1)
Revising Short Stories and Plays	238	(3)
Writing Poetry	241	(1)
Prewriting	241	(1)
Selecting a Subject and Developing Ideas for Poetry	241	(2)
Writing	243	(1)
Using Rhythm and Repeated Sounds to Develop Meaning	243	(4)
Rhythm	243	(2)
Repeated Sounds	245	(2)
Using Sensory Details and Vivid Language	247	(1)
Using Figurative Language	248	(2)
Evaluating, Revising, and Proofreading	250	(1)
Evaluating, Revising, and Proofreading Your Poems	250	(5)
Evaluating	250	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Poetry	250	(1)
Revising and Proofreading	251	(1)
Revising Poetry	251	(1)
Writing Reviews	252	(3)
Writing a Research Paper	255	(38)
Research, Writing, Documentation
Prewriting	255	(1)
Selecting a Subject	255	(1)
Getting an Overview	256	(1)
Limiting Your Subject	257	(1)
Considering Purpose, Audience, and Tone	258	(1)
Evaluating Your Topic	258	(1)
Preparing a Working Bibliography	259	(5)
Research Aids	260	(1)
Evaluating Sources	260	(1)
Bibliography Cards	261	(3)
Writing a Preliminary Thesis Statement	264	(1)
Preparing a Preliminary Outline	264	(2)
Gathering Information on Your Topic	266	(2)
Classifying and Organizing Information	268	(1)
Writing	269	(1)
Writing the First Draft	269	(9)
Synthesizing	269	(1)
Documentation	270	(1)
Footnotes	270	(3)
Endnotes	273	(1)
Parenthetical Citations	273	(3)
The Bibliography	276	(1)
Charts, Diagrams, and Illustrations	277	(1)
Evaluating and Revising	278	(1)
Evaluating Your Research Paper	278	(1)
Evaluating a Draft of a Research Paper	278	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Research Papers	278	(1)
Revising Your First Draft	279	(1)
Proofreading	280	(1)
Proofreading Your Research Paper	280	(1)
Preparing a Final Version	280	(1)
Preparing the Final Version of Your Research Paper	280	(2)
Writing Reviews	282	(1)
Abbreviations Used in Sources	282	(2)
Sample Pages from a Research Paper	284	(9)
Writing Business Letters and Completing Forms	293	(23)
Standard Practice in Business Correspondence
Prewriting	293	(1)
Form in Business Letters	293	(2)
Parts of a Business Letter	295	(5)
The Heading	295	(1)
The Inside Address	295	(1)
The Salutation	296	(1)
The Body	297	(1)
The Closing	297	(1)
The Signature	298	(1)
The Envelope	299	(1)
Writing	300	(1)
Kinds of Business Letters	300	(7)
The Order Letter	300	(2)
The Letter of Inquiry or Request	302	(1)
The Letter of Adjustment or Complaint	303	(1)
The Letter of Application	304	(3)
Kinds of Forms	307	(4)
The Employment Application	307	(2)
The College Admission Application	309	(2)
Evaluating	311	(1)
Evaluating Your Business Letters and Forms	311	(1)
Guidelines for Evaluating Business Letters and Forms	311	(1)
Revising	312	(1)
Revising Your Writing	312	(4)
Revising Business Letters	313	(1)
Writing Review	314	(2)
Effective Diction	316	(23)
Appropriate Choice of Words
Using Effective Diction	316	(2)
Exact Meaning of Words	318	(1)
Mixed Idioms and Metaphors	319	(1)
Using Specific Words	320	(1)
Avoiding Weak Words	321	(1)
Using Vivid Words	322	(1)
Connotations and Loaded Words	323	(2)
Loaded Words	324	(1)
Colloquialisms	325	(2)
Slang	327	(1)
Cliches	328	(2)
Jargon	330	(3)
Purpose, Tone, Mood, and Diction	333	(6)
Tone and Mood	333	(1)
Tone or Mood of Horror	333	(1)
Tone or Mood of Nostalgia	334	(1)
Conveying Different Tones	335	(1)
Writing Review	336	(3)
Picture the Possibilities: Ideas for Writing IW1
Part Two: COMPOSITION: Writing and Revising Sentences
Sentence Completeness	339	(6)
Fragments and Run-on Sentences
Sentence Fragments	339	(3)
The Phrase Fragment	340	(1)
The Subordinate Clause Fragment	341	(1)
Run-on Sentences	342	(3)
Coordination and Subordination	345	(11)
Relationships Between Ideas in a Sentence
Coordinate Ideas	345	(3)
Clear Relationship Between Coordinate Ideas	345	(3)
Subordinate Ideas	348	(4)
Adverb Clauses	348	(3)
Adjective Clauses	351	(1)
Correcting Faulty Coordination	352	(4)
Summary	354	(2)
Clear Reference	356	(6)
Pronouns and Antecedents
Ambiguous Reference	357	(1)
General Reference	358	(1)
Weak Reference	359	(1)
Indefinite Use of Pronouns	360	(2)
Placement of Modifiers	362	(6)
Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
Misplaced Modifiers	362	(2)
Dangling Modifiers	364	(2)
Two-way Modifiers	366	(2)
Parallel Structure	368	(6)
Structures of Equal Rank; Faulty Parallelism
Kinds of Parallel Structure	368	(2)
Coordinate Ideas	368	(1)
Compared or Contrasted Ideas	369	(1)
Correlative Constructions	369	(1)
Completed Parallelism	370	(4)
Unnecessary Shifts in Sentences	374	(5)
Awkward Changes in Subject and Verb Forms
Unnecessary Shifts in Subject	374	(1)
Unnecessary Shifts in Verb Form	375	(1)
Unnecessary Shifts in Verb Tense	375	(4)
Sentence Conciseness	379	(7)
Avoiding Wordiness and Overwriting
Superfluous Words and Unnecessary Repetition	379	(2)
Conciseness Through Reduction	381	(3)
The Overwritten Style	384	(2)
Sentence Combining and Revising	386	(16)
Variety, Interest, Emphasis
Sentence Combining	386	(10)
Avoiding Monotony	396	(3)
Appositives	397	(1)
Single-Word Modifiers	397	(1)
Phrase Modifiers	398	(1)
Clause Modifiers	398	(1)
Avoiding ``Stringy'' Style	399	(3)
Sentence Revision	402	(9)
Practice Exercises
Revising Sentences by Correcting Errors in Sentence Structure	402	(3)
Revising Sentences by Selecting the Best Expressions	405	(2)
Revising Awkward Sentences	407	(4)
Part Three: TOOLS FOR WRITING AND REVISING
Grammar
The Parts of Speech	411	(20)
Their Identification and Function
Diagnostic Test	411	(1)
The Noun	412	(1)
The Pronoun	413	(3)
The Adjective	416	(3)
The Verb	419	(4)
The Adverb	423	(2)
The Preposition	425	(1)
The Conjunction	426	(1)
The Interjection	427	(1)
The Same Word as Different Parts of Speech	427	(4)
Posttests	428	(2)
Summary of Parts of Speech	430	(1)
The Parts of a Sentence	431	(13)
Subjects, Predicates, Complements
Diagnostic Test	431	(1)
Subject and Predicate	432	(3)
Complements	435	(9)
Posttests	442	(1)
Summary of Sentence Patterns	443	(1)
The Phrase	444	(18)
Kinds of Phrases and Their Functions
Diagnostic Test	444	(1)
The Prepositional Phrase	445	(3)
Phrases Containing Verbals	448	(10)
The Appositive	458	(4)
Posttests	459	(3)
The Clause	462	(22)
The Function of Clauses
Diagnostic Test	462	(2)
Independent Clauses	464	(1)
Subordinate Clauses	464	(12)
Sentencec Classified by Structure	476	(3)
Sentences Classified by Purpose	479	(2)
Posttests	481	(3)
Usage
The History and Development of English	484	(25)
Origins and Varieties of the Language
Indo-European	484	(4)
The Development of English	488	(12)
The Varieties of English	500	(2)
Two Kinds of Standard English	502	(4)
Improving Your Usage	506	(3)
Agreement	509	(21)
Subject and Verb, Pronoun and Antecedent
Diagnostic Test	509	(1)
Agreement of Subject and Verb	510	(13)
Agreement of Pronoun and Antecedent	523	(7)
Posttest	528	(2)
Correct Use of Pronouns	530	(18)
Nominative and Objective Case; Special Problems
Diagnostic Test	530	(3)
Uses of Nominative Forms	533	(1)
Uses of Objective Forms	534	(4)
Uses of Who and Whom	538	(4)
Pronouns in Incomplete Constructions	542	(1)
Minor Problems in the Use of Pronouns	543	(5)
Posttest	546	(2)
Correct Form and Use of Verbs	548	(35)
Principal Parts; Tense, Voice, Mood
Diagnostic Test	548	(1)
Kinds of Verbs	549	(1)
The Principal Parts of a Verb	550	(9)
Three Troublesome Pairs of Verbs	559	(5)
Tense	564	(7)
Special Problems of Tense Usage	571	(4)
Active and Passive Voice	575	(3)
The Subjunctive Mood	578	(5)
Posttest	581	(2)
Correct Use of Modifiers	583	(14)
Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs; Comparison
Diagnostic Test	583	(1)
Adjective and Adverb Forms	584	(6)
Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs	590	(7)
Posttest	595	(2)
Glossary of Usage	597	(23)
Common Usage Problems
Diagnostic Test	597	(2)
Levels of Usage	598	(1)
Standard Words and Expressions	599	(21)
Posttest	618	(2)
Mechanics
Capitalization	620	(17)
Standard Uses of Capital Letters
Diagnostic Test	620	(2)
Capitalization Rules	622	(15)
Posttests	634	(2)
Summary Style Sheet	636	(1)
Punctuation	637	(21)
End Marks and Commas
Diagnostic Test	637	(2)
End Marks	639	(2)
The Comma	641	(17)
Posttest	655	(1)
Summary of Uses of End Marks and Commas	656	(2)
Punctuation	658	(21)
Other Marks of Punctuation
Diagnostic Test	658	(2)
The Semicolon	660	(2)
The Colon	662	(1)
Underlining (Italics)	663	(2)
Quotation Marks	665	(4)
The Apostrophe	669	(4)
The Hyphen	673	(1)
The Dash	674	(1)
Parentheses	674	(1)
Brackets	675	(4)
Posttest	676	(3)
Spelling	679	(20)
Improving Your Spelling
Good Spelling Habits	679	(1)
Spelling Rules	680	(6)
Words That Sound Alike	686	(8)
Commonly Misspelled Words	694	(5)
Three Hundred Spelling Words	694	(5)
Part Four: RESOURCES FOR WRITING AND STUDYING
The Library	699	(11)
Arrangement and Resources
Arrangement of Books in the Library	699	(2)
Locating Information in the Library	701	(9)
Reference Books	710	(11)
Special Sources of Information
Encyclopedias	710	(2)
General Reference Books	712	(1)
Biographical Reference Books	713	(2)
Literature Reference Books	715	(2)
Other Reference Books	717	(4)
The Dictionary	721	(11)
Content and Uses of Dictionaries
Kinds of Dictionaries	721	(1)
Content and Arrangement of Dictionaries	722	(7)
Special Dictionaries	729	(3)
Vocabulary	732	(26)
Meaning Through Context and Word Analysis
Diagnostic Test	732	(2)
Context Clues	734	(5)
Word Analysis	739	(19)
Word List	755	(3)
Studying and Test Taking	758	(35)
Writing to Learn and Taking Tests
Writing the Precis	758	(5)
Faulty Precis	760	(1)
Acceptable Precis	761	(2)
Writing in Other Courses	763	(3)
Taking Tests	766	(1)
Summary of Test-Taking Practices	766	(1)
Tests of Word Knowledge or Vocabulary	767	(6)
Word Meanings	767	(2)
Synonyms and Antonyms	769	(1)
Verbal Analogies	770	(3)
Reading Achievement	773	(4)
Sentence Completion	773	(1)
Reading Comprehension	774	(3)
Standard Written English	777	(11)
Spelling	777	(1)
Error Recognition	778	(3)
Error Correction	781	(1)
Sentence Revision	782	(3)
Organizing Paragraphs	785	(3)
Essay Tests	788	(5)
Studying for Essay Tests	788	(1)
Scheduling Your Time	788	(1)
Analyzing the Question	788	(2)
Writing Essay Answers	790	(3)
Part Five: SPEAKING AND LISTENING
Discussion and Debate	793	(15)
Types of Discussion; Elements of Debating
Group Discussion	793	(8)
Debating	801	(7)
Public Speaking	808	(11)
Preparing, Delivering, and Evaluating an Informal Speech
Preparing the Speech	808	(5)
Delivering the Speech	813	(1)
Evaluating an Informal Speech	814	(5)
Evaluation Sheet	814	(5)
Index	819