Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation

by Cooper, William J.; Curry, Randy D.; O'Shea, Kevin E.

• ISBN13: 9780471170860
• ISBN10: 0471170860
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-10-30
• Publisher: Wiley-Interscience

Summary

Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation makes it easy for scientists and engineers to acquaint themselves with the state of the art in ionizing radiation techniques for pollution control, environmental cleanup, and waste processing. With contributions by more than 100 researchers working in industry, academia, and government, it reports from around the world on the most important recent advances in the field. From the latest refinements in electron beam technology to new techniques for the purification of flue gases, and from radiation recycling of rubber wastes to radiation-induced cleanup of water and wastewater, this valuable resource covers all established and emerging environmental applications of ionizing radiation.Radiation has long been used in food processing, medical device sterilization, and polymer production, but only recently has it begun to be widely accepted as a valued component in environmental cleanup initiatives. The growing popularity of radiation as a means of neutralizing both natural and synthetic contaminants is due, in great part, to impressive results recently achieved by researchers worldwide using ionizing radiation methods, especially those involving electron beam techniques. Despite these many successes, there continues to be a conspicuous poverty of professional references on the subject. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation fills that gap.Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation brings together contributions by more than 100 leading scientists from the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The first English-language text devoted exclusively to this exciting growth area, it affords readers a unique opportunity to acquaint themselves with state-of-the-art applications of ionizing radiation for solving environmental remediation problems. Featuring many fascinating and informative case studies from around the world, it brings scientists and engineers quickly in line with the latest advances in:-Electron beam design -Flue gas treatment using electron beams -Ionizing radiation in pollution control -Irradiation treatment of industrial wastes -Irradiation treatment of soil and biosolids -Irradiation and photocatalytic processes -New and emerging applications of ionizing radiation.Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation is a valuable working resource for civil, chemical, and environmental engineers and scientists involved with pollution control, water treatment, and natural and industrial waste treatment. It also belongs on the syllabuses of all graduate-level engineering courses in air and water management.

Author Biography

WILLIAM J. COOPER is Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at the University of North Carolina in Wilmington, North Carolina.<br> <br> RANDY D. CURRY is Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri.<br> <br> E. O'SHEA is Associate Professor in the Department of Chemistry at Florida International University in Miami, Florida.

Table of Contents

Preface	xix	(2)
Acknowledgments	xxi
1 Radiation Chemistry and Its Application to Environmental Pollution	1	(32)
Robert J. Woods
2 The Nested High-Voltage Generator: An Overview of the Technology and Applications	33	(14)
R.D. Curry
D. Johns
K. Rathbun
K. Unklesbay
3 BINP's Accelerators for Environmental Applications: An Industrial Installation for Wastewater Treatment of a Surface-Active Agent	47	(16)
R.A. Salimov
N.K. Kuksanov
S.E. Petrov
G.A. Spiridonov
V.A. Ivanchenko
O.P. Sludkin
N.N. Kundo
B.M. Vanyushkin
4 The Use of High-Power, Low-Energy Electron Beams for Environmental Remediation	63	(20)
Marlin N. Schuetz
David A. Vroom
5 Advanced Accelerator Technology for Environmental Protection	83	(16)
Zbigniew Zimek
Andrzej G. Chmielewski
6 Electron-Beam Technology for Purification of Flue Gas	99	(14)
Ikihiro Tokunaga
7 Present Status and Development of an Electron-Beam Treatment Process of Combustion Flue Gases in China	113	(10)
Li Genli
Shen Zhongqun
Wang Min
Wang Yougan
8 Developing Wet Variants of Electron-Beam Removal of NO(x), SO(2), and Particulate from Flue Gas	123	(16)
O.L. Fainchtein
V.V. Piotrovskiy
M.V. Sagaidak
B.P. Slavutsky
A.E. Frenkel
I.N. Meshkov
V.N. Lazarev
A.P. Kashchenko
G.S. Strokovsky
G.V. Likhachev
R.A. Salimov
N.K. Kuksanov
B.V. Potapkin
A.S. Savenkov
I.K. Smirnov
9 Radiation-Induced Heterogeneous Oxidation of NO(x) and SO(2) in the Droplet Phase	139	(16)
Alexander N. Yermakov
Grigorii A. Poskrebyshev
10 Electron-Beam-Induced Removal of SO(2) in Highly Concentrated Off-Gases	155	(12)
Loreto Z. Villanueva
Luis S. Ahumada
Andrzej G. Chmielewski
Zbigniew Zimek
Sylvester Bulka
Janusz Licki
11 Optimization of Irradiation Chamber for Electron-Beam Flue-Gas Treatment in Application for Large Steam Boilers	167	(30)
Z. Jackowski
A.G. Chmielewski
Z. Zimek
12 Electron-Beam Flue-Gas treatment Process Upscaling	197	(20)
Andrzej G. Chmielewski
Bogdan Tyminski
Edward Iller
Zbigniew Zimek
Janusz Licki
13 Analytical Methods and Monitoring System for Electron-Beam Flue-Gas Treatment	217	(14)
J. Licki
A.G. Chmielewski
E. Iller
G. Zakrzewska-Trznadel
O. Tokunaga
14 The Role of Peroxyl Radicals and Related Species in the Radiation-Induced Degradation of Water Pollutants	231	(16)
Nikola Getoff
15 Removal of Aryl Halides from Aqueous Solutions Using High-Energy Radiation	247	(22)
Robert D. Guthrie
Majiri Patwardhan
Sheri K. Glenn Wilcox
Karen M. Kluemper
Mike Fitzpatrick
John E. Chateauneuf
16 Radiolysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Nonpolar Solvents	269	(14)
Bruce J. Mincher
17 Spin Trapping Study for PCB Waste under Radiation	283	(10)
Jin-Yi Wu
Kai Pan
Tong-Ing Ho
18 Kinematic Modeling of Daughter-Radical Participation during Hydroxyl Treatment of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene in Manufacturing Wastewater Containing High Concentrations of Radical Scavengers	293	(12)
Gary R. Peyton
Oliver J. Bell
Elizaveta L. Girin
Mary H. LeFaivre
19 Primary Decomposition Mechanisms in Electron-Beam and Electrical Discharge Processing of Volatile Organic Compounds	305	(20)
B.M. Penetrante
M.C. Hsiao
J.N. Bardsley
B.T. Merritt
G.E. Vogtlin
A. Kuthi
C.P. Burkhart
J.R. Bayless
20 Radiation-Induced Cleanup of Water and Wastewater	325	(16)
Peter Gehringer
Helmut Eschweiler
21 Cupric Ion Effect on Decomposition of tert-Butanol in Water by Gamma-Ray Irradiation Combined with Ozone	341	(12)
Myun Joo Lee
Hidehiko Arai
Teijiro Miyata
22 Radiation-Induced Reduction and Removal of Heavy-Metal Ions from Water	353	(16)
Mahnaz Chaychian
Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
Joseph Silverman
William L. McLaughlin
23 Domestic Effluent: Disinfection and Organic Matter Removal of Ionizing Radiation	369	(12)
S.I. Borrely
M.H.O. Sampa
M. Uemi
N.L. Del Mastro
C.G. Silveira
24 Sequential Product Formation during Gamma Radiolysis of Aqueous Benzene Solutions	381	(14)
Larry L. Land
Robert J. Hanrahan
25 Modeling Kinetics of Benzene, Phenol, and Toluene Removal in Aqueous Solution Using the High-Energy Electron-Beam Process	395	(22)
Sarita R. Zele
Michael G. Nickelsen
William J. Cooper
Charles N. Kurucz
Thomas D. Waite
26 Industrial-Scale Destruction of Benzene in a Simulated Mixed Waste Using Electron-Beam Irradiation	417	(12)
Roger A. Dougal
William J. Cooper
Michael G. Nickelsen
Kaijin Lin
Thomas D. Waite
Charles N. Kurucz
Jane P. Bibler
27 Organics in Mixed Nuclear Wastes: Gamma-Radiolytic Degradation of Chelating and Complexing Agents	429	(22)
Anthony P. Toste
28 Field Application of a Mobile 20-kW Electron-Beam Treatment System on Contaminated Groundwater and Industrial Wastes	451	(16)
Michael G. Nickelsen
David C. Kajdi
William J. Cooper
Charles N. Kurucz
Thomas D. Waite
Friedemann Gensel
Heidrun Lorenzl
Ulf Sparka
29 Gamma-Irradiation-Induced Degradation of Chlorocatechols Present in Pulp Bleaching Effluent	467	(10)
Francois L. Lepine
Jean Beaudoin
Rejean Beaudet
30 Radiolytic Degradation of Chloroorganics and AOX in Bleached Pulp-Mill Effuents	477	(18)
Fariborz Taghipour
Greg J. Evans
31 Electron-Beam Purification of Water and Wastewater	495	(12)
A.K. Pikaev
32 Radiation-Induced Degradation and Decoloration of Disperse Dyes in Water	507	(14)
Agustin N. M. Bagyo
Winarti Andayani
S. Surtipanti
33 Industrial Wastewater Treatment in Brazil Using an Electron-Beam Accelerator	521	(10)
M.H.O. Sampa
P.R. Rela
C.L. Duarte
34 Irradiation of Deicing Fluid in Water for Ultimate Treatment	531	(6)
Thomas D. Waite
Bhagyashree R. Kundalkar
Charles N. Kurucz
Brian A. Rolingson
William J. Cooper
35 Engineering Studies for Soil Detoxification and Sludge Disinfection with the IMPELA Accelerator	537	(20)
Joseph McKeown
Marshall R. Cleland
Court B. Lawrence
Ajit Singh
36 Sewage Sludge Irradiation Plant in Argentina	557	(12)
Jorge Guillermo Graino
Cecilia Magnavacca
37 Degradation of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants in Aqueous Solutions in Cobalt-60 Gamma Irradiation: Similarities with TiO(2) Photocatalysis	569	(18)
Kevin E. O'Shea
David V. Kalen
William J. Cooper
Ivelitza Garcia
Martha Aguilar
38 Hydroxyl-Radical-Mediated Oxidation: A Common Pathway in the Photocatalytic, Radiolytic, and Sonolytic Degradation of Textile Dyes	587	(14)
K. Vinodgopal
Prashant V. Kamat
39 Radiation Recycling of Butyl Rubber Wastes	601	(12)
Jingtian Yang
40 Application of Streamer Discharge for Remediation of Polluted Water	613	(14)
V.M. Bystritskii
Y. Yankelevich
F. Wessel
T.K. Wood
D.C. Yee
A. Gonzales
T. Olson
V. Puchkarev
41 Immobilization of Bacterial Proteases for Environmental Applications on Water-Soluble Polymer by Means of Electron Beam	627	(26)
Alexandr M. Gonchar
Vadim L. Auslender
42 Radiation Chemical Synthesis of Sorbent for Liquid Waste Utilization	653	(24)
Evgenii I. Grigor'ev.
Sergei V. Nesterov
Leonid I. Trakhtenberg
43 Gamma-Radiation Effects on Epoxy and LDPE, Used as Solidification Agents of Hazardous Waste: Ion-Exchange Resins	677	(12)
Daniel Chun Hung Liu
Humberto Gracher Riella
44 Use of High-Current Nanosecond Electron Beams for Sterilization	689	(10)
G.A. Mesyats
Yu. A. Kotov
V.G. Shpak
S. Yu. Sokovnin
Index	699