Essentials of College Physics (with CengageNOW 2-Semester and Personal Tutor Printed Access Card)

by Serway, Raymond A.; Vuille, Chris

• ISBN13: 9780495106197
• ISBN10: 0495106194
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-02-07
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

ESSENTIALS OF COLLEGE PHYSICS is a streamlined version of Serway's market-leading College Physics text, using the same clear and logical presentation of the concepts and principles but providing a slimmer and more affordable alternative for instructors looking to focus on the core concepts. By integrating the guiding principles of physics education research and including unique just-in-time quantitative problem-solving features, the text strikes a balance between problem-solving support and conceptual understanding. "Math Focus" boxes and a unique "Math Appendix" provide your students with an opportunity to master their numerical problem-solving skills and then connect those skills to concrete physics applications. "Quick Quiz" and "Checkpoint" questions provide students with ample opportunity to test their conceptual understanding, while "Tips" boxes help students avoid common misconceptions. And all "Worked Examples" feature a two-column format, explaining each step of the solution both conceptually and quantitatively. The innovative technology program is perfectly tailored to support any course design. All end-of-chapter problems, worked examples, checkpoints and quick quizzes are available in WebAssign (enhanced with hints and feedback), allowing instructors to securely create and administer homework assignments in an interactive online environment. For instructors utilizing classroom response technology, a complete suite of questions, pre-formatted in PowerPoint®, is available to support the JoinIn on TurningPoint® interactive lecture solution, or the "clicker" software of your choosing. The text's flexible, accessible, and focused presentation, coupled with an extraordinary technology program, gives students and instructors the tools they need to succeed.

Table of Contents

Part 1: Mechanics
Introduction	1	(17)
Standards of Length, Mass, and Time	1	(2)
The Building Blocks of Matter	3	(1)
Dimensional Analysis	4	(1)
Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures	5	(3)
Conversion of Units	8	(1)
Estimates and Order-of-Magnitude Calculations	9	(1)
Coordinate Systems	10	(1)
Trigonometry	11	(1)
Problem-Solving Strategy	12	(2)
Summary	14	(4)
Motion in One Dimension	18	(23)
Displacement	18	(1)
Velocity	19	(5)
Acceleration	24	(2)
Motion Diagrams	26	(2)
One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration	28	(5)
Freely Falling Objects	33	(2)
Summary	35	(6)
Vectors and Two-Dimensional Motion	41	(20)
Vectors and Their Properties	41	(2)
Components of a Vector	43	(4)
Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration in Two Dimensions	47	(1)
Motion in Two Dimensions	48	(5)
Relative Velocity	53	(2)
Summary	55	(6)
The Laws of Motion	61	(29)
Forces	61	(1)
Newton's First Law	62	(1)
Newton's Second Law	63	(5)
Newton's Third Law	68	(1)
Applications of Newton's Laws	69	(8)
Forces of Friction	77	(5)
Summary	82	(8)
Energy	90	(34)
Work	90	(4)
Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem	94	(3)
Gravitational Potential Energy	97	(7)
Spring Potential Energy	104	(5)
Systems and Energy Conservation	109	(1)
Power	110	(3)
Work Done by a Varying Force	113	(2)
Summary	115	(9)
Momentum and Collisions	124	(23)
Momentum and Impulse	124	(4)
Conservation of Momentum	128	(2)
Collisions	130	(7)
Glancing Collisions	137	(3)
Rocket Propulsion	140	(1)
Summary	141	(6)
Rotational Motion and the Law of Gravity	147	(27)
Angular Speed and Angular Acceleration	147	(3)
Rotational Motion Under Constant Angular Acceleration	150	(1)
Relations Between Angular and Linear Quantities	151	(3)
Centripetal Acceleration	154	(6)
Newtonian Gravitation	160	(5)
Kepler's Laws	165	(3)
Summary	168	(6)
Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics	174	(30)
Torque	174	(4)
Torque and the Two Conditions for Equilibrium	178	(1)
The Center of Gravity	179	(2)
Examples of Objects in Equilibrium	181	(2)
Relationship Between Torque and Angular Acceleration	183	(6)
Rotational Kinetic Energy	189	(1)
Angular Momentum	190	(3)
Summary	193	(11)
Solids and Fluids	204	(42)
States of Matter	204	(1)
The Deformation of Solids	205	(4)
Density and Pressure	209	(3)
Variation of Pressure with Depth	212	(3)
Pressure Measurements	215	(1)
Buoyant Forces and Archimedes's Principle	216	(4)
Fluids in Motion	220	(6)
Other Applications of Fluid Dynamics	226	(3)
Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscous Fluid Flow	229	(5)
Transport Phenomena	234	(3)
Summary	237	(9)
Part 2: Thermodynamics
Thermal Physics	246	(26)
Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics	246	(1)
Thermometers and Temperature Scales	247	(4)
Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids	251	(6)
Macroscopic Description of an Ideal Gas	257	(5)
The Kinetic Theory of Gases	262	(5)
Summary	267	(5)
Energy in Thermal Processes	272	(25)
Heat and Internal Energy	272	(2)
Specific Heat	274	(2)
Calorimetry	276	(2)
Latent Heat and Phase Change	278	(5)
Energy Transfer	283	(9)
Summary	292	(5)
The Laws of Thermodynamics	297	(30)
Work in Thermodynamic Processes	297	(3)
The First Law of Thermodynamics	300	(9)
Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics	309	(7)
Entropy	316	(3)
Human Metabolism	319	(2)
Summary	321	(6)
Part 3: Vibrations and Waves
Vibrations and Waves	327	(27)
Hooke's Law	327	(4)
Comparing Simple Harmonic Motion with Uniform Circular Motion	331	(3)
Position, Velocity, and Acceleration as a Function of Time	334	(3)
Motion of a Pendulum	337	(3)
Damped Oscillations	340	(1)
Waves	340	(3)
Frequency, Amplitude, and Wavelength	343	(1)
The Speed of Waves on Strings	344	(2)
Interference of Waves	346	(1)
Reflection of Waves	347	(1)
Summary	348	(6)
Sound	354	(33)
Producing a Sound Wave	354	(1)
Characteristics of Sound Waves	354	(2)
The Speed of Sound	356	(2)
Energy and Intensity of Sound Waves	358	(3)
Spherical and Plane Waves	361	(2)
The Doppler Effect	363	(4)
Interference of Sound Waves	367	(2)
Standing Waves	369	(4)
Forced Vibrations and Resonance	373	(1)
Standing Waves in Air Columns	374	(2)
Beats	376	(2)
The Ear	378	(2)
Summary	380	(7)
Part 4: Electricity and Magnetism
Electric Forces and Electric Fields	387	(26)
Properties of Electric Charges	387	(1)
Insulators and Conductors	388	(2)
Coulomb's Law	390	(4)
The Electric Field	394	(4)
Electric Field Lines	398	(2)
Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium	400	(2)
Electric Flux and Gauss's Law	402	(5)
Summary	407	(6)
Electrical Energy and Capacitance	413	(32)
Potential Difference and Electric Potential	413	(7)
Electric Potential and Potential Energy Due to Point Charges	420	(2)
Potentials and Charged Conductors	422	(2)
Equipotential Surfaces	424	(1)
Capacitance	424	(1)
The Parallel-Plate Capacitor	425	(2)
Combinations of Capacitors	427	(6)
Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor	433	(2)
Capacitors with Dielectrics	435	(4)
Summary	439	(6)
Current and Resistance	445	(20)
Electric Current	445	(2)
A Microscopic View: Current and Drift Speed	447	(2)
Current and Voltage Measurements in Circuits	449	(1)
Resistance and Ohm's Law	450	(1)
Resistivity	451	(2)
Temperature Variation of Resistance	453	(2)
Superconductors	455	(1)
Electrical Energy and Power	456	(2)
Electrical Activity in the Heart	458	(2)
Summary	460	(5)
Direct-Current Circuits	465	(26)
Sources of emf	465	(1)
Resistors in Series	466	(2)
Resistors in Parallel	468	(5)
Kirchhoff's Rules and Complex DC Circuits	473	(2)
RC Circuits	475	(4)
Household Circuits	479	(2)
Conduction of Electrical Signals by Neurons	481	(3)
Summary	484	(7)
Magnetism	491	(30)
Magnets	491	(3)
Magnetic Fields	494	(2)
Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor	496	(3)
Torque on a Current Loop and Electric Motors	499	(3)
Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field	502	(3)
Magnetic Field of a Long, Straight Wire and Ampere's Law	505	(2)
Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors	507	(2)
Magnetic Fields of Current Loops and Solenoids	509	(3)
Magnetic Domains	512	(1)
Summary	513	(8)
Induced Voltages and Inductance	521	(26)
Induced emf and Magnetic Flux	521	(2)
Faraday's Law of Induction	523	(4)
Motional emf	527	(3)
Lenz's Law Revisited (The Minus Sign in Faraday's Law)	530	(1)
Generators	531	(4)
Self-Inductance	535	(3)
RL Circuits	538	(2)
Summary	540	(7)
Alternating Current Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves	547	(30)
Resistors in an AC Circuit	547	(3)
Capacitors in an AC Circuit	550	(1)
Inductors in an AC Circuit	551	(2)
The RLC Series Circuit	553	(3)
Power in an AC Circuit	556	(2)
Resonance in a Series RLC Circuit	558	(1)
The Transformer	559	(2)
Maxwell's Predictions	561	(1)
Hertz's Confirmation of Maxwell's Predictions	562	(1)
Production of Electromagnetic Waves by an Antenna	563	(1)
Properties of Electromagnetic Waves	564	(4)
The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves	568	(2)
Summary	570	(7)
Part 5: Light and Optics
Reflection and Refraction of Light	577	(22)
The Nature of Light	577	(1)
Reflection and Refraction	578	(4)
The Law of Refraction	582	(3)
Dispersion and Prisms	585	(2)
The Rainbow	587	(1)
Huygens' Principle	588	(2)
Total Internal Reflection	590	(3)
Summary	593	(6)
Mirrors and Lenses	599	(28)
Flat Mirrors	599	(2)
Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors	601	(2)
Convex Mirrors and Sign Conventions	603	(5)
Images Formed by Refraction	608	(4)
Atmospheric Refraction	612	(1)
Thin Lenses	613	(8)
Lens and Mirror Aberrations	621	(1)
Summary	622	(5)
Wave Optics	627	(26)
Conditions for Interference	627	(1)
Young's Double-Slit Experiment	628	(3)
Change of Phase Due to Reflection	631	(1)
Interference in Thin Films	632	(4)
Diffraction	636	(2)
Single-Slit Diffraction	638	(2)
The Diffraction Grating	640	(2)
Polarization of Light Waves	642	(5)
Summary	647	(6)
Optical Instruments	653	(19)
The Camera	653	(1)
The Eye	654	(4)
The Simple Magnifier	658	(2)
The Compound Microscope	660	(2)
The Telescope	662	(2)
Resolution of Single-Slit and Circular Apertures	664	(3)
Summary	667	(5)
Part 6: Modern Physics
Relativity	672	(21)
Galilean Relativity	672	(1)
The Speed of Light	673	(2)
Einstein's Principle of Relativity	675	(1)
Consequences of Special Relativity	675	(7)
Relativistic Momentum	682	(1)
Relativistic Energy and the Equivalence of Mass and Energy	683	(4)
General Relativity	687	(2)
Summary	689	(4)
Quantum Physics	693	(20)
Blackbody Radiation and Planck's Hypothesis	693	(2)
The Photoelectric Effect and the Particle Theory of Light	695	(3)
X-Rays	698	(1)
Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals	699	(2)
The Compton Effect	701	(2)
The Dual Nature of Light and Matter	703	(3)
The Wave Function	706	(1)
The Uncertainty Principle	707	(1)
Summary	708	(5)
Atomic Physics	713	(21)
Early Models of the Atom	713	(1)
Atomic Spectra	714	(1)
The Bohr Model	715	(5)
Quantum Mechanics and the Hydrogen Atom	720	(3)
The Exclusion Principle and the Periodic Table	723	(3)
Characteristic X-Rays	726	(1)
Atomic Transitions and Lasers	727	(2)
Summary	729	(5)
Nuclear Physics	734	(24)
Some Properties of Nuclei	734	(3)
Binding Energy	737	(1)
Radioactivity	738	(3)
The Decay Processes	741	(6)
Natural Radioactivity	747	(1)
Nuclear Reactions	747	(3)
Medical Applications of Radiation	750	(2)
Summary	752	(6)
Nuclear Energy and Elementary Particles	758
Nuclear Fission	758	(3)
Nuclear Fusion	761	(3)
Elementary Particles and the Fundamental Forces	764	(1)
Positrons and Other Antiparticles	765	(1)
Classification of Particles	766	(1)
Conservation Laws	767	(3)
The Eightfold Way	770	(1)
Quarks and Color	770	(2)
Electroweak Theory and the Standard Model	772	(1)
The Cosmic Connection	773	(2)
Problems and Perspectives	775	(1)
Summary	776
Appendix A
Mathematics Review	1	(13)
Appendix B
An Abbreviated Table of Isotopes	14	(5)
Appendix C
Some Useful Tables	19	(2)
Appendix D
SI Units	21	(1)
Answers to Checkpoints, Quick Quizzes and Odd-Numbered Conceptual Questions and Problems	22
Credits	1	(1)
Index	1