European Contributions to Operation Allied Force Implications for Transatlantic Cooperation

by Peters, John E.; Johnson, Stuart; Bensahel, Nora; Liston, Timothy; Williams, Traci

• ISBN13: 9780833030382
• ISBN10: 0833030388
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-10-15
• Publisher: RAND Corporation

Summary

A dispassionate assessment of Operation Allied Force, this book provides perspectives form both sides of the Altanitc as well as political and military implications for the U.S. and its allies.

Table of Contents

Preface	iii
Figures	ix
Tables	xi
Summary	xiii
Acknowledgments	xvii
Acronyms	xix
Introduction	1	(8)
Origins of This Report	1	(5)
The Defense Capabilities Initiative	2	(1)
Influence of the European Defense and Security Identity	2	(3)
Agreeing on a Way Ahead	5	(1)
Organization of Subsequent Chapters	6	(3)
Highlights of Operation Allied Force	9	(44)
NATO's Decision to Intervene	9	(9)
The National Contingents	18	(6)
France	18	(3)
Germany	21	(1)
Italy	21	(1)
The Netherlands	22	(1)
The United Kingdom	22	(1)
The United States	23	(1)
Conduct of Air Operations	24	(12)
Targeting	25	(4)
Combat Air Patrol	29	(1)
Reconnaissance	30	(2)
Suppression of Enemy Air Defense	32	(1)
Aerial Refueling	33	(1)
Strike Operations	34	(2)
Disputed tactics	36	(15)
Gradualism	37	(2)
U.S.-Only Information and Operations	39	(2)
Role of Ground Forces	41	(10)
Conclusions	51	(2)
Transatlantic Perspectives	53	(18)
Overall Evaluation of the Campaign	53	(2)
Quality of Interoperability	55	(3)
Secure Communications	56	(1)
Other Interoperability Issues	57	(1)
Operation Allied Force as a Model for Future Allied Operations	58	(3)
Coalition Operations	58	(1)
U.S. Role	58	(1)
Ground Troops	59	(1)
Legal Justification	60	(1)
National Programs Revealing Shortfalls	61	(7)
Precision and All-Weather Capabilities	62	(1)
Cruise Missiles and Standoff Weapons	63	(1)
Electronic Warfare and Suppression of Enemy Air Defense	64	(1)
Strategic Airlift	64	(2)
Aerial Refueling	66	(1)
Multinational Logistics and Procurement	66	(1)
Intelligence Collection and Processing	67	(1)
Conclusions	68	(3)
Reconciling Perspectives	71	(22)
Priorities and Imperatives for Shaping Intra-Alliance Relations	71	(3)
Political-Military Relations	71	(1)
Military Relations	72	(1)
Expectations and Operational Practices	73	(1)
Future Allied Military Operations	74	(4)
Consultation and Coalition Building	75	(1)
Force Packages and Packaging	76	(1)
Managing Military Commitments	76	(2)
Implications for the Defense Capabilities Initiative	78	(5)
Establishing Priorities	81	(1)
Agreeing on Funding	82	(1)
Managing the European Security and Defense Identity	83	(6)
Institutional Development of the ESDI After Allied Force	83	(3)
Promoting Efficiency in the European Defense Establishment	86	(1)
Encouraging Additional Investment in European Defense	87	(2)
Revising the Template for Allied Operations	89	(4)
Capability for Useful, Effective Tasks	90	(1)
Organizing the Means to Implement the NATO Strategic Concept	91	(1)
Revitalizing the CJTF Notion	91	(2)
Conclusions	93	(12)
Implications for the United States	93	(3)
Recognize the Leverage Available to U.S. Leadership	94	(1)
Encourage Allied Capability Improvements	94	(1)
Support NATO Exercises and Training	94	(1)
Exploit Advanced Technologies	95	(1)
Manage the Capabilities Gap	95	(1)
Emphasize Multipurpose Assets	95	(1)
Implications for the U.S. Air Force	96	(1)
Implications for the Atlantic Alliance	97	(3)
Flexible Command Arrangements	97	(1)
DCI Priorities	97	(1)
Expand NATO-Owned Assets	98	(1)
Force Generation and Targeting	99	(1)
Common Alliance Doctrine	99	(1)
Consultation and Consensus	99	(1)
Implications for the European Allies	100	(2)
Fiscal Constraints and Modernization	100	(1)
Integrated Air-Ground Capabilities	100	(1)
The DCI and the EU	101	(1)
Institutional Development of the ESDI	101	(1)
Implications for Future Coalitions	102	(3)
Differing Capabilities	102	(1)
Allies Opting Out	102	(1)
Political and Diplomatic Constraints	103	(1)
Limited Operational Goals	103	(1)
Coalition Lessons Learned	104	(1)
Multinational Exercises	104	(1)
Selected Bibliography	105