Expressing Oneself / Expressing One's Self: Communication, Cognition, Language, and Identity

by Morsella; Ezequiel

• ISBN13: 9781848728868
• ISBN10: 1848728867
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-12-17
• Publisher: Psychology Pres

Summary

Unlike any book before it, this volume embodies the state-of-the-art regarding the experimental study of human communication, by bringing together cutting edge findings from psycholinguistics, communication, cognition, neuroscience, language, and identity. Whether linguistic or nonverbal, communication poses unique computational challenges that reveal secrets of the mind/brain and social cognition unlike anything else.This volume is both a stimulating journey for the general language/communication reader, as well as a great research tool for graduate students, advanced undergraduate students, and investigators.

Table of Contents

Contributors	p. xi
Prologue: A Festschrift in Honor of Robert M. Krauss	p. xiii
The Production of Gestures, Speech, and Action
On the Occasion of the Festschrift in Honor of Robert M. Krauss: The Science of Communication, Cognition, Language, and Identity	p. 3
References	p. 7
A Model of Speech-Gesture Production	p. 9
Introduction	p. 9
The Kita-Özyürek (2003) Model	p. 10
Empirical Findings Giving Rise to the Model	p. 10
Description of the Model	p. 11
Further Evidence for Features of the Kita-Özyürek (2003) Model	p. 14
Bidirectional Links Among the Action Generator, Message Generator, and Formulator	p. 14
Action Generator With Access to the Environment	p. 16
Communicative Intention, Discourse Model, and the Communication Planner	p. 17
Further Specification of the Model: The Effect of Communicative Contexts	p. 17
Conclusions	p. 19
Acknowledgment	p. 20
References	p. 20
Expressing One's Self in the Context of Aphasia: The Utility of Arm and Hand Gestures in Aphasia Treatments	p. 23
A Rationale for Considering Gesture Production as a Treatment for Aphasia	p. 24
Models of Speech and Language Interaction	p. 25
The Gesture Abilities of People With Aphasia and the Thorny Issue of Limb Apraxia	p. 29
Gesture Facilitation of Word Retrieval	p. 31
Gesture Production as a Treatment for Aphasia	p. 33
Future Research	p. 44
References	p. 44
Functional Imaging of the Hand Motor Cortex During the Performance of Linguistic Tasks	p. 49
References	p. 57
Indirect Cognitive Control, Working-Memory-Related Movements, and Sources of Automatisms	p. 61
Sources of Spontaneous Action and Cognitive Movements	p. 62
Working-Memory-Related Movements	p. 62
Subtractive Movements	p. 63
Additive Movements	p. 63
Co-Speech Gestures and Speech Production	p. 64
Indirect Cognitive Control	p. 66
How the Perception (Controlled) Pathway Influences the Action (Automatic) Pathway	p. 67
The Mandatory Pathway	p. 69
Out of the Blue: Sources of Automatisms	p. 71
Measuring Automatisms	p. 72
Experiments	p. 73
Conclusion	p. 83
Acknowledgments	p. 85
References	p. 85
Human Communication
What Robots Could Teach Us About Perspective Taking	p. 93
Robots as Conversational Partners	p. 94
Do Speakers Take a Robot's Perspective?	p. 95
Do Listeners Benefit From a Perspective-Taking Robot?	p. 96
Building a Perspective-Taking Robot	p. 99
Adjusting a Probabilistic Model	p. 100
Reacting to Grounding Cues	p. 101
Conclusion	p. 103
Acknowledgments	p. 104
References	p. 105
Does Being Together for Years Help Comprehension?	p. 107
Introduction	p. 107
Previous Research	p. 109
Relationship and Conversational Reference	p. 109
Age and Conversational Reference
Method	p. 111
Results	p. 114
Discussion	p. 120
Acknowledgments	p. 121
References	p. 122
A Communication Perspective to the Emergence of a Brand Culture	p. 125
Brand Cultures and World Cultures: Some Critical Commonalities	p. 126
Conditions That Enable the Emergence of a Brand Culture	p. 127
Awareness of Minority Status	p. 128
Communication and Shared Knowledge	p. 130
Dynamic Social Impact Theory	p. 131
Coordination of Perspectives	p. 131
Saying Is Believing	p. 132
Serial Reproduction Effect	p. 132
Emergence of Brand Cultures	p. 133
Experimental Evidence	p. 133
Overview of the Experimental Paradigm	p. 133
Consumer Choice and Manipulation of Majority/Minority Status	p. 134
The Communication Task	p. 135
Perception of the Stimulus Group	p. 136
Replication of the Basic Results	p. 137
Serial Reproduction	p. 137
Boundaries of the Effects	p. 138
Conclusions and Future Directions	p. 138
Acknowledgments	p. 140
References	p. 140
Mind Merging	p. 143
Introduction	p. 143
Theoretical Background	p. 144
The Growth Point	p. 144
The Hyperphrase	p. 144
The VACE Project	p. 146
Pointing	p. 146
Gaze	p. 148
To Summarize Dominance and Marginality	p. 150
Coding Issues	p. 150
Focus Segments	p. 150
Focus 1	p. 150
Focus 2	p. 154
Comparison of Focus 1 and Focus 2	p. 154
Co-Reference, F-Formations, and Gaze	p. 155
Elaborations on the F-Formation	p. 158
Coalitions	p. 158
Recognizing Coalitions	p. 158
Using Co-Referential Chains	p. 158
Identifying Conflicts	p. 160
Summary Thus Far	p. 161
Sequence of Gaze-Another Clue	p. 161
Garnering Agreement	p. 161
Conclusions	p. 162
References	p. 164
The Perception of Speech and Identity
Spoken Expression of Individual Identity and the Listener	p. 167
Personal and Vocal Identity	p. 169
Anatomical Variation Among Talkers	p. 169
Physiological Variation Among Talkers	p. 170
Linguistic Variation Among Talkers	p. 172
Phonetic Identification of Talkers	p. 174
A Sidebar on Identity	p. 177
Conclusions	p. 178
Acknowledgment	p. 178
References	p. 179
Expressing Oneself in Conversational Interaction	p. 183
Communication Accommodation Theory	p. 184
My Favorite Study by Krauss	p. 185
Phonetic Convergence	p. 186
Acoustic Measures of Convergence	p. 188
Analyses of Pre-Task and Post-Task Vowel Spaces	p. 189
Conclusion	p. 194
Acknowledgments	p. 194
References	p. 194
Perceptual Prosody and Perceived Personality: Physiognomies Precede Perspective	p. 197
Some of What Gestures Say About Our Minds' Eyes, Ears, and Purposeful Behaviors	p. 198
Motor and Lexical Gestures	p. 198
Gestural Feedback Model (GFM)	p. 199
Looking and Other Anticipatory Behaviors: Sustaining the Purpose	p. 200
Where It Begins: Gestures in Mommy's Arms	p. 204
Why the Need for Humanoids, and How Might They Help Us?	p. 206
References	p. 207
Author Index	p. 209
Subject Index	p. 217
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