Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals and Their Electro-Optic Applications

by Blinc, R.

• ISBN13: 9789810203252
• ISBN10: 981020325X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-09-01
• Publisher: WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUB CO INC

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Ferroelectricity and Antiferrolectricity in Liquid Crystals
Summetry and ferroelectricity in liquid crystals	1	(14)
Antiferroelectricity in liquid crystals	15	(4)
Chiral phases of achiral molecules	19	(9)
Broken symmetry and elementary excitations	28	(11)
Phase Transitions and Spontaneously Broken Symmetries in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals
Introduction	39	(6)
Landau theory of the smectic-A-smetic-C* phase transition	45	(11)
Order parameter dynamics, soft modes and gapless phasons	56	(22)
Adiabatic approximation for the coupled director-polarization modes	78	(5)
Beyond the classical Landau theory	83	(14)
Symmetry Breaking by External Fields
Introduction	97	(4)
The Lifshitz point in the (H,T) phase diagram	101	(14)
Behavior in external DC electric fields	115	(6)
Phason dynamics in the &pi-multisolton lattice	121	(15)
Phasons in a 2&pi-multisolition lattice	136	(7)
Gapless phason and broken symmetry	143	(4)
Phase Transitions and Dynamics in Restricted Geometry
Introduction	147	(1)
Phase transitions in thin homogeneous cells with quadrupolar anchoring	148	(9)
Surface induced polarity: splayed states, surface electroclinic effect and reentrance	157	(13)
Soliton and plane wave dynamics in thin cells with polar anchoring	170	(13)
Confinement and finite size effects on the dynamics	183	(6)
Freely suspended ferroelectric smectic films	189	(11)
Optical Properties
Introduction	200	(5)
Linear optics of helical structures	205	(10)
Birefringence of helical smectic phases	215	(8)
Optical rotation	223	(10)
Quasielastic light scattering	233	(12)
Linear electrooptic response in the smectic-A phase	245	(10)
Linear electrooptics of the bulk and confined smectic-C* phase	255	(8)
Magnetic-field induced biaxiality	263	(6)
Dielectric Dispersion
Static response to small electric fields	269	(6)
Soft and phase mode dynamics	275	(10)
Dielectric response of a multisoliton lattice	285	(8)
Polarization noise in a ferroelectric liquid crystal	293	(9)
NMR in Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals
Introduction	302	(4)
Deuteron NMR in ferroelectric liquid crystals	306	(5)
Deuteron NMR spectra in the smectic-A, smectic-C* and smectic-C phases	311	(11)
Anisotropy of the critical magnetic field	322	(5)
Polar and quadrupolar biasing of the molecular rotation	327	(3)
Deuteron NMR spectra in the antiferroelectric phase of liquid crystals	330	(10)
NMR in the soliton-like deformed antiferroelectric phase	340	(3)
14N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance in tilted smectic phases	343	(21)
13C NMR in ferroelectric liquid crystals	364	(18)
Synclinic versus anticlinic ordering in tilted smectics	382	(2)
Antiferroelectricity in Liquid Crystals
Introduction	384	(9)
Landau continuum theory of the antiferroelectric smectic-A-smectic-CA* phase transition	393	(8)
Order parameter dynamics and the doubling of the smectic unit cell	401	(21)
Optical properties of the antiferroelectric phase	422	(6)
Quasielastic light scattering	428	(8)
Dielectric properties of the antiferroelectric phase: linear and non-linear response	436	(16)
Linear electrooptic response of the antiferroelectric phase	452	(4)
Non-linear electrooptic response of the antiferroelectric phase	456	(13)
Ferroelectricity, antiferroelectricity and intermediate phases	469	(15)
Discrete models of intermediate phases	484	(12)
STM and AFM in Complex Liquids
Introduction	496	(4)
STM of adsorbed liquid crystalline molecules	500	(8)
AFM in complex liquids: forces on the molecular scale	508	(6)
Electrooptic Effects in Ferro- and Antiferroelectric Phases and Their Applications
Introduction	514	(5)
Surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal displays	519	(14)
Ultrafast electroclinic effect	533	(4)
Deformed helix mode ferroelectric displays	537	(2)
Chevrons in SSFLC	539	(7)
Ion-director coupling and depolarization field in SSFLCD	546	(14)
Towards complexity: volume stabilization by polymers	560	(6)
Appendix A Landau Theory of Second Order Phase Transitions
A1. Introduction	566	(1)
A2. Equilibrium properties of the Landau theory	567	(7)
A3. Critical slowing down and correlation of collective excitations near the second order phase transition	574	(8)
Appendix B Survey of Different Experimental Methods
B1. Controlling the temperature with a milli-Kelvin resolution	582	(7)
B2. Optical polarization modulation techniques: measurements of birefringence, optical rotation and circular dichroism	589	(11)
B3. Measurements of linear electrooptic response	600	(1)
B4. Quasielastic light scattering experiments	601	(8)
B5. Experiments in high magnetic fields	609	(4)
Appendix C Nuts and Bolts Approach
C1. Liquid crystal experimentalist's collection of nuts bolts	613	(5)
Bibliography	618	(43)
Subject Index	661