Fire Retardancy of Polymers

by Hull, T. Richard; Kandola, Baljinder K.

• ISBN13: 9780854041497
• ISBN10: 0854041494
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-02-28
• Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Summary

Globally, fire retardants are needed to satisfy a multibillion dollar market. Fire retardancy of polymeric materials is an important component of fire safety. Fire retardants either reduce the likelihood of ignition and/or reduce the rate of flame spread and hence, escalation of fire. The need to comply with safety legislations forces industry to use fire retardants in materials in order to save lives. With growing consumer demands and new legislations, the development of new systems is an on-going process, which also involves understanding their mechanisms of action. This book covers the latest developments in fire retardant strategies including: " new fire retardant systems (including nanoparticulate fillers, sometimes combined with conventional fire retardants) " intumescent formulations and their recent applications in bulk polymers, fibres and textiles " test-methods for material flammability " material-specific aspects of combustion, smoke and toxicity. Fire retardant strategies covered, include the use of synergistic combinations of alumina with organoclay, organophosphorus compunds, silica and organosilicones, clay-phosphate combinations and a novel tecnhique for investigating fire rerardant behaviour. The section on nanoparticulate fillers includes an investigation on the effect of filler shape, the use of carbon nanofibres and nanotubes, the interpretation of nanocomposite behaviour in the cone calorimeter, and groundbreaking new research on the influence of rheological properties on burning behaviour. The coverage of fibres and textiles includes a discussion on trends in textile fire retardancy and flammability regulations, and some novel halogen-free approaches to fire retardancy of cellulose, acrylic and polypropylene textiles. Finally, the influence of fire retardants on fire toxicity is discussed in detail, followed by an investigation of the toxic products from burning fire retarded polymer nanocomposites. This book will update fire retardant materials' developers with latest in research and design of new fire retardant materials. It will also provide a snapshot of the state-of-the-art for a range of other groups including environmentalists looking for alternatives to brominated flame retardants and engineers needing to use fire safe materials in their projects.

Table of Contents

Polymers and Fire
Synergy between Nanometric Alumina and Organoclay in Conventional Fire Retardant Systems for Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Strained Organophosphorus Compounds as Reactive Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials
Amorphous Silicon Dioxide as Additive to Improve the Fire Retardancy of Polyamides
Use of Organosilicone Composites as Flame Retardant Additives and Coatings for Polypropylene
Organomodified Ultrafine Kaolin for Mechanical Reinforcement and Improved Flame Retardancy of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate
Complex Micro-analysis Assisted Design of Fire-Retardant Nanocomposites - Contribution to the Nanomechanism
Impact of Nanoparticle Shape on the Flammability of Nanocomposites
Thermal and Combustion Behaviour of Polymer-Carbon Nanofibre Composites
Combination of Carbon Nanotubes with Fire Retardants: Thermal and Fire Properties of Polystyrene Nanocomposites
Significant Assessment of Nanocomposites' Combustion Behaviour by the Appropriate Use of the Cone Calorimeter
Phosphorus-Based Epoxy Resin-Nanoclay Composites
Study of the Relationship Between Flammability and Melt Rheological Properties of Flame-Retarded Poly(Butylene Terephthalate) Containing Nanoclays
Thermal and Fire Performance of Flame-Retarded Epoxy Resin: Investigating Interaction Between Resorcinol Bis(Diphenyl Phosphate) and Epoxy Nanocomposites
Porosity Estimates of Intumescent Chars by Image Analysis
Efficient Modelling of Temperatures in Steel Plates Protected by Intumescent Coating in Fire
Fire Retardancy and Fire Protection of Materials using Intumescent Coatings - A Versatile Solution?
Trends in Textile Flame Retardants - a Market Review
New and Potential Textile Flammability Regulations and Test Methods within the USA
Flame Retardancy of Cellulosic Fabrics: Interactions between Nitrogen Additives and Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants
Synergistic Flame Retardant Copolymeric Polyacrylonitrile Fibres Containing Dispersed Phyllosilicate Clays and Ammonium Polyphosphate
Flame Retardance of Polyacrylonitriles Covalently Modified with Phosphorus- and Nitrogen-Containing Groups
Novel Fire Retardant Backcoatings for Textiles
Effect of Yarn, Fabric Construction and Colour in Respect of Red Reflectance and Pigmentation on the Thermal Properties and Limiting Oxygen Index of Flame Retardant Polypropylene Fabrics
Influence of Fire Retardants on Toxic and Environmental Hazards from Fires
Assessment of Fire Toxicity from Polymer Nanocomposites
Subject Index	p. 419
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