Fundamentals of Preparative And Nonlinear Chromatography

by Guiochon; Felinger; Shirazi

• ISBN13: 9780123705372
• ISBN10: 0123705371
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-03-21
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

The second edition of Fundamentals of Preparative and Nonlinear Chromatography is devoted to the fundamentals of a new process of purification or extraction of chemicals or proteins widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and in preparative chromatography. This process permits the preparation of extremely pure compounds satisfying the requests of the US Food and Drug Administration. The book describes the fundamentals of thermodynamics, mass transfer kinetics, and flow through porous media that are relevant to chromatography. It presents the models used in chromatography and their solutions, discusses the applications made, describes the different processes used, their numerous applications, and the methods of optimization of the experimental conditions of this process.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Acknowledgements	ix
Introduction, Definitions, Goal	1	(18)
History of Chromatography	3	(9)
Definitions	12	(3)
Goal of the Book	15	(4)
References	17	(2)
The Mass Balance Equation of Chromatography and Its General Properties	19	(48)
Mass and Heat Balance Equations in Chromatography	21	(21)
Solution of the System of Mass Balance Equations	42	(15)
Important Definitions	57	(10)
References	63	(4)
Single-Component Equilibrium Isotherms	67	(84)
Fundamentals of Adsorption Equilibria	70	(10)
Models of Adsorption Isotherms in Liquid--Solid Equilibria	80	(29)
Adsorption and Affinity Energy Distribution	109	(8)
Influence of Experimental Conditions on Equilibrium Isotherms	117	(5)
Determination of Single-Component Isotherms	122	(13)
Data Processing and Assessment	135	(16)
References	144	(7)
Competitive Equilibrium Isotherms	151	(70)
Models of Multicomponent Competitive Adsorption Isotherms	153	(38)
Determination of Competitive Isotherms	191	(30)
References	216	(5)
Transfer Phenomena in Chromatography	221	(60)
Diffusion	222	(18)
Axial Dispersion and Mass Transfer Resistance in Porous Media	240	(17)
The Viscosity of Liquids	257	(24)
References	275	(6)
Linear Chromatography	281	(66)
The Plate Models	283	(7)
The Solution of the Mas Balance Equation	290	(11)
The General Rate Model of Chromatography	301	(9)
Moment Analysis and Plate Height Equations	310	(18)
The Statistic Approach	328	(7)
Sources of Band Asymmetry and Tailing in Linear Chromatography	335	(6)
Extension of Linear to Nonlinear Chromatography Models	341	(6)
References	342	(5)
Band Profiles of Single-Components with the Ideal Model	347	(40)
Retrospective of the Solution of the Ideal Model of Chromatography	349	(2)
Migration and Evolution of the Band Profile	351	(12)
Analytical Solutions of the Ideal Model	363	(14)
The Ideal Model in Gas Chromatography	377	(2)
Practical Relevance of Results of the Ideal Model	379	(8)
Band Profiles of Two Components with the Ideal Model	387	(50)
General Principle of the Solution	390	(5)
Elution of a Wide Band With Competitive Langmuir Isotherms	395	(6)
Elution of a Narrow Band with Competitive Langmuir Isotherms	401	(6)
Method of Calculation of the Ideal Model Solution in a Specific Case	407	(7)
Dimensionless Plot of a Two-component Band System	414	(2)
The Displacement Effect	416	(3)
The Tag-Along Effect	419	(2)
The Ideal Model in Gas Chromatography	421	(2)
Practical Relevance of the Ideal Model	423	(14)
References	436	(1)
Band Profiles in Displacement Chromatography with the Ideal Model	437	(34)
Steady State in the Displacement Mode. The Isotachic Train	439	(11)
The Theory of Characteristics	450	(11)
Coherence Theory	461	(6)
Practical Relevance of the Results of the Ideal Model	467	(4)
References	468	(3)
Single-Component Profiles with the Equilibrium Dispersive Model	471	(60)
Fundamental Basis of the Equilibrium Dispersive Model	473	(3)
Approximate Analytical Solutions	476	(16)
Numerical Solutions of the Equilibrium--Dispersive Model	492	(17)
Results Obtained with the Equilibrium Dispersive Model	509	(22)
References	527	(4)
Two-Component Band Profiles with the Equilibrium--Dispersive Model	531	(38)
Numerical Analysis of the Equilibrium--Dispersive Model	532	(10)
Applications of the Equilibrium--Dispersive Model	542	(27)
References	567	(2)
Frontal Analysis, Displacement and the Equilibrium--Dispersive Model	569	(36)
Displacement Chromatography with a Nonideal Column	570	(17)
Applications of Displacement Chromatography	587	(12)
Comparison of Calculated and Experimental Results	599	(6)
References	603	(2)
System Peaks with the Equilibrium--Dispersive Model	605	(46)
System Peaks in Linear Chromatography	606	(20)
High-Concentration System Peaks	626	(25)
References	647	(4)
Kinetic Models and Single-Component Problems	651	(48)
Solution of the Breakthrough Curve under Constant Pattern Condition	653	(16)
Analytical and Numerical Solutions of the Kinetic Models	669	(11)
Comparison Between the Various Kinetic Models	680	(7)
Results of Computer Experiments	687	(2)
Numerical Solution of the Lumped Pore Diffusion Model	689	(4)
The Monte Carlo Model of Nonlinear Chromatography	693	(6)
References	695	(4)
Gradient Elution Chromatography under Nonlinear Conditions	699	(36)
Retention Times and Band Profiles in Linear Chromatography	701	(4)
Retention of the Organic Modifier or Modulator	705	(6)
Numerical Solutions of Nonlinear Gradient Elution	711	(15)
Gradient Elution in Ion-Exchange Chromatography	726	(9)
References	731	(4)
Kinetic Models and Multicomponent Problems	735	(44)
Analytical Solution for Binary Mixture; Constant Pattern Behavior	736	(11)
Linear Driving Force Model Approach	747	(7)
Numerical Solution of The General Rate Model of Chromatography	754	(25)
References	775	(4)
Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography	779	(70)
Introduction	780	(3)
Modeling of Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) Separations	783	(2)
Analytical Solution of the Linear, Ideal Model of SMB	785	(21)
Analytical Solution of the Linear, Nonideal Model of SMB	806	(2)
McCabe--Thiele Analysis	808	(1)
Optimization of the SMB Process	809	(7)
Nonlinear, Ideal Model of SMB	816	(10)
Recent Improvements in SMB Performance with New Operating Modes	826	(10)
Numerical Solutions for Nonlinear, Nonideal SMB	836	(13)
References	845	(4)
Optimization of the Experimental Conditions	849	(90)
Definitions	851	(6)
The Economics of Chromatographic Separations	857	(10)
Optimization Based on Theoretical Considerations	867	(16)
Optimization Using Numerical Solutions	883	(32)
Recycling Procedures	915	(5)
Practical Rules	920	(4)
Optimization of the SMB Process	924	(15)
References	935	(4)
Glossary of Symbols	939	(10)
Glossary of Terms	949	(20)
Index	969