Geological Hazards: Their Assessment, Avoidance and Mitigation

by Bell; Fred G.

• ISBN13: 9780419169703
• ISBN10: 0419169709
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-04-16
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

This book is an introduction to hazards and man-made hazards which have implications for engineering geology. It examines hazards such as seismic effects, volcanoes and floods, and with subsidence, waste disposal and ground water pollution.Geological Hazardsis an essential book for professional engineers in civil, geological and planning areas worldwide.

Table of Contents

Geohazards: assessment and planning	1	(15)
Introduction	1	(4)
Risk assessment	5	(2)
Remote sensing, aerial photographs and hazards	7	(2)
Hazard maps	9	(3)
Land-use planning and hazards	12	(4)
Volcanic activity	16	(43)
Introduction	16	(2)
Volcanic form and structure	18	(7)
Types of central eruption	25	(3)
Volcanic products: volatiles	28	(1)
Volcanic products: pyroclasts	29	(3)
Volcanic products: lava flows	32	(5)
Mudflows or labars	37	(1)
Volcanic bazard and prediction	38	(21)
Earthquake activity	59	(55)
Introduction	59	(3)
Intensity and magnitude of earthquakes	62	(8)
Effects of earthquakes	70	(2)
Ground conditions and seismicity	72	(4)
Methods of seismic investigation	76	(9)
Seismic hazard and risk	85	(2)
Seismic zoning	87	(7)
Earthquake analysis and design	94	(3)
Structural damage and its prevention	97	(6)
Earthquakes and dams	103	(2)
Induced seismicity	105	(9)
Mass movements	114	(67)
Soil creep and valley bulging	114	(2)
Causes of landslides	116	(6)
Classification of landslides	122	(10)
Landslides in soils	132	(3)
Landslides in rock masses	135	(4)
A brief note on slope stability analysis	139	(5)
Monitoring slopes	144	(6)
Landslide hazard, investigation and mapping	150	(13)
Methods of slope control and stabilization	163	(18)
Problem soils	181	(64)
Quicksands	181	(4)
Expansive clays	185	(10)
Dispersive soils	195	(7)
Collapsible soils	202	(5)
Quick clays	207	(6)
Soils of arid regions	213	(5)
Tropical soils	218	(8)
Peat	226	(4)
Frozen soils	230	(15)
River action and control	245	(47)
Fluvial processes	245	(16)
Floods	261	(3)
Factors affecting run-off	264	(7)
Assessment of run-off	271	(6)
Hazard zoning, warning systems and adjustments	277	(4)
River control and flood regulation	281	(11)
Marine action and control	292	(45)
Waves	293	(6)
Tides	299	(1)
Beach zones	300	(4)
Coastal erosion	304	(2)
Beaches and longshore drift	306	(3)
Storm surges and marine inundation	309	(5)
Shoreline investigation	314	(5)
Protective barriers	319	(6)
Stabilization of longshore drift	325	(4)
Tsunamis	329	(8)
Wind action and arid regions	337	(53)
Introduction	337	(2)
Wind action	339	(6)
Desert dunes	345	(4)
Stream action in arid and semi-arid regions	349	(6)
Flooding and sediment problems	355	(2)
Movement of dust and sand	357	(13)
Sabkha soil conditions	370	(4)
Salt weathering	374	(16)
Soil erosion and desertification	390	(62)
Introduction	390	(7)
Estimation of soil loss	397	(3)
Sediment yield	400	(4)
The Universal Soil Loss Equation	404	(9)
Soil erosion by wind	413	(6)
Erosion control and conservation practices	419	(7)
Assessment of soil erosion	426	(10)
Desertification	436	(3)
Irrigation	439	(13)
Waste and its disposal	452	(70)
Introduction	452	(2)
Domestic refuse and sanitary landfills	454	(25)
Hazardous wastes	479	(4)
Radioactive waste	483	(7)
Waste materials from mining	490	(12)
Contaminated land	502	(10)
Remediation of contaminated land	512	(10)
Groundwater pollution	522	(44)
Introduction	522	(1)
A note on groundwater quality	523	(3)
Rock type, pollution potential and attenuation of a pollutant	526	(3)
Faulty well design and construction	529	(1)
Induced infiltration	530	(3)
Leachate from landfill sites	533	(5)
Saline intrusion	538	(4)
Nitrate pollution	542	(1)
The problem of acid mine drainage	543	(7)
Waste waters and effluents from mines	550	(4)
Other causes of pollution	554	(2)
Groundwater monitoring and artificial recharge	556	(10)
Ground subsidence	566	(60)
Introduction	566	(1)
Pillar-and-stall workings and their potential failure	566	(9)
Investigations in areas of abandoned mine workings	575	(5)
Old mine workings and hazard zoning	580	(4)
Measures to reduce or avoid subsidence effects due to old mine workings	584	(2)
Old mine shafts	586	(4)
Longwall mining and subsidence	590	(8)
Damage associated with ground movements	598	(5)
Measures to mitigate the effects of subsidence due to longwall mining	603	(2)
Metalliferous mining	605	(2)
Subsidence associated with fluid abstraction	607	(19)
Index	626