Global Agro-Food Trade and Standards Challenges for Africa

by Gibbon, Peter; Lazaro, Evelyne; Ponte, Stefano

• ISBN13: 9780230579514
• ISBN10: 0230579515
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-06-15
• Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan

Summary

This collection focuses on new generations of international standards and regulations in the agro-food sector and on issues relating to conformity to them in low-income countries. Its analyses draw of political economy, economics, economic geography and economic sociology.

Author Biography

Peter Gibbon is Senior Researcher at the Danish Institute for International Studies. His recent work includes Trading Down: Africa, Value Chains and the Global Economy (with Stefano Ponte).
Stefano Ponte is Senior Researcher at the Danish Institute for International Studies. His recent works include Trading Down: Africa, Value Chains and the Global Economy (with Peter Gibbon) and The Coffee Paradox: Global Markets, Commodity Trade and the Elusive Promise of Development (with Benoit Daviron).
Evelyne Lazaro is Senior Research Fellow in Agricultural Economics at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania. She has published extensively on soil and water management and on agro-food standards.

Table of Contents

List of Tables, Figures and Map	p. viii
Acknowledgements	p. xi
Notes on Contributors	p. xii
List of Acronyms	p. xvi
Agro-Food Standards and Africa: An Introduction	p. 1
Governing through standards	p. 1
Trends in agro-food standards	p. 3
Standards, global value chain restructuring and exclusion	p. 10
Interventions aimed at greater inclusivity	p. 14
The contributions to this volume	p. 18
Product Carbon Footprint Standards and Schemes	p. 21
Introduction	p. 21
Why carbon footprinting?	p. 23
Methodological issues in product carbon footprinting	p. 24
ISO environmental standards and carbon footprinting	p. 26
Characteristics of product carbon foot printing schemes	p. 28
Consumer perceptions of and reactions to PCF	p. 388
Discussion and conclusion	p. 39
Institutional Capacity for Food Safety Conformity in Tanzania	p. 43
Introduction	p. 43
The spice sector in Tanzania	p. 45
Standards for spices	p. 45
Local capacity for standards conformity assessment	p. 55
Concluding remarks	p. 66
An Analysis of Organic Contract Farming Schemes in East Africa	p. 70
Introduction	p. 70
Contract farming in Africa	p. 71
The economics of organic farming	p. 74
The organic contract farming schemes surveyed	p. 75
Research questions and methods	p. 82
Results	p. 85
Interpretation	p. 94
Conclusion	p. 96
Appendix: analytical strategy	p. 98
Challenges and Opportunities of Organic Agriculture in Tanzania	p. 101
Introduction	p. 101
Background	p. 101
Developments in organic production, processing and marketing in Tanzania	p. 103
Problems, prospects and future outlook of the organic sector	p. 109
Conclusion	p. 111
Appendix	p. 112
Sustainability Standards and Agro-Food Exports from East Africa	p. 120
Introduction	p. 120
Sustainability standards	p. 121
The standards and their local adoption	p. 123
UTZ CERTIFIED coffee in Tanzania	p. 125
GlobalGAP certified vegetables in Tanzania	p. 127
Social standards in the cut flower industries of Kenya and Tanzania	p. 131
Conclusion	p. 134
Localizing Private Social Standards: Standard Initiatives in Kenyan Cut Flowers	p. 136
Introduction	p. 136
Private social standards and cut flowers in Kenya	p. 138
Kenyan social standard initiatives	p. 144
Conclusion	p. 157
Food Safety Standards and Fishery Livelihoods in East Africa	p. 162
Introduction	p. 162
The development of the Nile perch value chain in East Africa	p. 164
Livelihood dimensions	p. 169
Conclusion	p. 182
When the Market Helps: Standards, Ecolabels and Resource Management Systems in East African Export Fisheries	p. 184
Introduction	p. 184
Meeting food safety standards	p. 185
Sustainability and fishery management systems	p. 190
Ecolabelling	p. 195
Conclusions	p. 200
European Food Safety Regulation and Developing Countries' Regulatory Problems and Possibilities	p. 205
Introduction	p. 205
The EU's food safety regime	p. 205
Identifying the barriers	p. 206
Overcoming the barriers	p. 217
Perspectives for the future	p. 223
Appendix: Application of the European food safety regime and developing countries	p. 225
Conclusion	p. 232
The content, coverage and proliferation of standards	p. 232
The governance of standards, local participation and issues related to conformity	p. 234
Standards, value chain restructuring and welfare outcomes	p. 239
Final remarks	p. 242
References	p. 244
Index	p. 265
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