Global Shift, Fourth Edition Reshaping the Global Economic Map in the 21st Century

by Dicken, Peter

• ISBN13: 9781572308992
• ISBN10: 1572308990
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-06-06
• Publisher: The Guilford Press

Summary

Now in a fully revised and expanded fourth edition, this comprehensive work is the definitive text on globalization. Students gain a solid understanding of the economic, political, and technological processes that are creating global shifts in economic activity and affecting local communities in highly uneven ways. Examined are the actions and interactions of two major groups of actors--transnational corporations and states--set within a volatile technological environment. Of special utility are detailed case studies of key global industries and more than 200 fully updated figures and tables. The fourth edition has been extensively rewritten to reflect the latest empirical and theoretical developments, and several entirely new chapters are included.

New in the Fourth Edition
*Increased attention to the globalization and anti-globalization debates
*A new case study on the distribution industries: logistics, retailing, and e-commerce
*Expanded coverage of developmental, environmental, and governance issues
*Definitions and cross-referencing of key terms
*Many additional maps, graphs, tables, and diagrams

Author Biography

Peter Dicken is Professor of Economic Geography at the University of Manchester, UK. He has held visiting appointments at universities, research institutes, and business schools in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia, and Sweden. He is an Academician of Learned Societies in the Social Sciences. He has served as a consultant to UNCTAD and to numerous other public and private organizations.

Table of Contents

List of Abbreviations	xiv
Preface	xv
Acknowledgements	xix
1 Introduction	1	(4)
PART I: THE SHIFTING CONTOURS OF THE GEO-ECONOMY	5	(78)
2 A New Geo-Economy	7	(25)
Something is happening out there - but what is it?	7	(3)
A 'new' geo-economy? The globalization debate	10	(4)
A new geo-economy: unravelling the complexity	14	(8)
Even in a globalizing world, economic activities are geographically localized	22	(3)
The geo-economy and the environment	25	(4)
Conclusion	29	(1)
Notes	30	(2)
3 The Changing Global Economic Map	32	(51)
The imprint of history	32	(1)
The roller-coaster ride: aggregate trends in global economic activity	33	(3)
Changing contours of the global economic map: global shifts in production and trade	36	(15)
Changing contours of the global economic map: global shifts in foreign direct investment	51	(21)
Changing the lens: the macro-, micro- and meso-scale geography of the global economy	72	(7)
Conclusion: a multi-polar, kaleidoscopic global economy	79	(2)
Notes	81	(2)
PART II: PROCESSES OF GLOBAL SHIFT	83	(232)
4 Technology: The 'Great Growling Engine of Change'	85	(37)
Technology and economic transformation	85	(1)
Processes of technological change: an evolutionary perspective	86	(3)
The 'space-shrinking' technologies	89	(15)
Technological changes in products and processes	104	(11)
Geographies of innovation	115	(4)
Conclusion	119	(1)
Notes	120	(2)
5 'The state is Dead ... Long Live the State'	122	(42)
'Contested territory': the state in a globalizing economy	122	(4)
States as containers of distinctive cultures, practices and institutions	126	(3)
States as regulators of trade, foreign investment and industry	129	(11)
States as competitors	140	(4)
States as collaborators: the proliferation of regional economic blocs	144	(17)
Conclusion	161	(1)
Notes	162	(2)
6 Doing Things Differently: Variations in State Economic Policies	164	(34)
From the general to the specific	164	(1)
A degree of convergence	164	(2)
The older industrialized economies of Europe and the United States	166	(5)
Japan	171	(4)
The newly industrializing and emerging market economies	175	(20)
Conclusion	195	(1)
Notes	196	(2)
7 Transnational Corporations: The Primary 'Movers and Shapers' of the Global Economy	198	(40)
The significance of the TNC	198	(1)
Why (not) transnationalize? Some general explanations	199	(13)
A diversity of organizational architectures: how transnational operations are coordinated	212	(9)
The myth of the 'placeless' TNC	221	(14)
Conclusion	235	(1)
Notes	236	(2)
8 'Webs of Enterprise': The Geography of Transnational Production Networks	238	(36)
The geography of the TNC: configuring the firm's internal production network	238	(15)
TNCs within networks of externalized relationships	253	(12)
Synthesis: connecting the organizational and geographical dimensions of transnational production networks	265	(6)
Conclusion	271	(1)
Notes	272	(2)
9 Dynamics of Conflict and Collaboration: Both Transnational Corporations and states Matter	274	(41)
The ties that bind	274	(4)
TNCs and host economies	278	(22)
TNCs and home economies	300	(4)
The bargaining relationship between TNCs and states	304	(7)
Conclusion	311	(2)
Notes	313	(2)
PART III GLOBAL SHIFT: THE PICTURE INDIFFERENT SECTORS	315	(192)
10 'Fabric-ating Fashion': The Textiles and Garments Industries	317	(38)
The textiles-garments production chain	318	(2)
Global shifts in the textiles and garments industries	320	(7)
The dynamics of the market	327	(3)
Production costs and technology	330	(6)
The role of the state and the Multi-Fibre Arrangement	336	(3)
Corporate strategies in the textiles and garments industries	339	(7)
Regionalizing production networks in the textiles and garments industries	346	(7)
Conclusion	353	(1)
Notes	354	(1)
11 'Wheels of Change': The Automobile Industry	355	(44)
The automobile production chain	355	(2)
Global shifts in the automobile industry	357	(5)
The dynamics of the market	362	(1)
Production costs, technology and the changing organization of production	363	(6)
The role of the state	369	(3)
Corporate strategies in the automobile industry	372	(14)
Regionalizing production networks in the automobile industry	386	(11)
Conclusion	397	(1)
Notes	397	(2)
12 'Chips With Everything': The Semiconductor Industry	399	(38)
Semiconductors within the electronics production chain	400	(1)
Global shifts in the semiconductor industry	401	(2)
The dynamics of the market	403	(2)
Production costs, technology and the changing organization of semiconductor production	405	(5)
The role of the state	410	(9)
Corporate strategies in the semiconductor industry	419	(14)
Regionalizing production networks in the semiconductor industry: the case of East Asia	433	(1)
Conclusion	434	(1)
Notes	435	(2)
13 'Making the World Go Round': The Financial Services Industries	437	(34)
Money matters	437	(2)
The structure of the financial services industries	439	(2)
The dynamics of the market for financial services	441	(1)
Technological innovation and the financial services industries	442	(5)
The role of the state: regulation and deregulation in financial services	447	(2)
Corporate strategies in financial services	449	(9)
Geographical structures of financial services activities	458	(10)
Conclusion	468	(1)
Notes	469	(2)
14 'Making the Connections, Selling the Goods': The Distribution Industries	471	(36)
'Whatever happened to distribution in the globalization debate?'	471	(1)
The structure of the distribution industries	472	(3)
The dynamics of the market	475	(1)
Technological innovation and the distribution industries	475	(6)
The role of the state: regulation and deregulation in the distribution industries	481	(4)
Corporate strategies in the distribution industries	485	(19)
Conclusion	504	(1)
Notes	504	(3)
PART IV: WINNERS AND LOSERS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY	507	(95)
15 Winners and Losers: An Overview	509	(15)
From processes to impacts	509	(3)
The contours of economic development	512	(9)
Making a living in the global economy	521	(2)
Notes	523	(1)
16 Making a Living in Developed Countries: Where Wí11 the Jobs Come From?	524	(28)
Increasing affluence - but not everybody is a winner	524	(1)
The jobs scene	525	(13)
Why is it happening?	538	(6)
Policy responses	544	(6)
Conclusion	550	(1)
Notes	550	(2)
17 Making a Living in Developing Countries: Sustaining Growth, Enhancing Equity, Ensuring Survival	552	(25)
Some winners - but mostly losers	552	(1)
Heterogeneity of the developing world	553	(9)
Sustaining economic growth and ensuring equity in newly industrializing economies	562	(8)
Ensuring survival and reducing poverty in the least developed countries	570	(3)
To be 'globalized', or not to be 'globalized'?	573	(3)
Notes	576	(1)
18 Making the World a Better Place	577	(25)
'The best of all possible worlds'?	577	(1)
Globalization and its 'discontents'	578	(1)
Global governance structures	579	(13)
Two key concerns: labour standards and environmental regulation	592	(6)
What might the future be? What should the future be?	598	(2)
Notes	600	(2)
Bibliography	602	(20)
Index	622	(11)
About the Author	633