Health Promotion : Throughout the Life Span

by Edelman & Mandle

• ISBN13: 9780323031288
• ISBN10: 0323031285
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-11-07
• Publisher: Mosby

Summary

This comprehensive text provides the most current and accurate health promotion and disease prevention information available. The book addresses health promotion for all ages and all population groups individuals, families, and communities. It includes extensive coverage of growth and development throughout the life span, with an emphasis on normal development as well as the specific problems and health promotion issues common to each stage. A complete unit is devoted to health promotion interventions. It also offers a unique assessment framework based on Gordons Functional Health Patterns to provide consistency in presentation and an approach in line with the promotion of health. Extensive coverage of growth and development throughout all stages of the life span. A unit on specific interventions for health promotion. Addresses health promotion for all population groups individual, family, and the community. Incorporates Case Studies that depict actual clinical situations to give students a real-life perspective. Innovative Practice examples highlight unique and creative health promotion programs. Summarizes specific clinical interventions in Health Teaching boxes to provide students with how-to nursing actions. Think About It clinical scenarios provide critical thinking questions to help readers grasp important concepts. Multicultural Awareness boxes present cultural perspectives important to care planning. Introduces significant issues, trends, and controversies in health promotion through Hot Topics boxes to engage students in critical discussion and debate about these topics. Research Highlights emphasize current research efforts and research opportunities in health promotion. A new Study Questions section (with answers and rationales) helps you review and assess your understanding of chapter content. Care Plans are presented in a consistent format: Nursing Diagnosis, Defining Characteristics, Related Factors, Expected Outcomes, and Interventions. Healthy People 2010 boxes highlight current national health promotion priorities. A new full-color design helps to highlight important features and content. A new companion Evolve website offers case studies with questions and answers, WebLinks, content updates, and a Glossary with search capability to enhance your learning experience.

Table of Contents

UNIT ONE Foundations for Health Promotion	1	(126)
Health Defined: Objectives for Promotion and Prevention	3	(20)
Exploring Concepts of Health	4	(2)
Models of Health	5	(1)
Wellness--Illness Continuum	5	(1)
High-Level Wellness	5	(1)
Health Ecology	6	(1)
Functioning	6	(1)
Health	6	(1)
Illness, Disease, and Health	6	(1)
Planning for Health	7	(1)
Healthy People 2010	7	(3)
Healthy People 2010 Goals	7	(3)
Healthy People 2010 Update	10	(1)
Case Study	10	(3)
Problem Identification	10	(1)
Planning Interventions	10	(2)
What Was the Actual Cause of Frank's Problem?	12	(1)
Evaluation of the Situation	13	(1)
Levels of Prevention	13	(5)
Primary Prevention	13	(4)
Secondary Prevention	17	(1)
Tertiary Prevention	18	(1)
The Nurse's Role	18	(2)
Nursing Roles in Health Promotion and Protection	18	(2)
Improving Prospects for Health	20	(1)
Population Effects	20	(1)
Shifting Problems	20	(1)
Moving Toward Solutions	20	(3)
Emerging Populations and Health	23	(27)
Emerging Populations in the United States	24	(1)
Ethnicity, Ethnic Group, Minority Group, and Race	25	(1)
Culture, Values, and Value Orientation	26	(1)
Health as a Value	26	(1)
Folk Healing and Professional Care Systems	27	(1)
Arab Americans	27	(1)
Health Care Issues of Arab Americans	27	(1)
Selected Health-Related Cultural Aspects	28	(1)
Asian American-Pacific Islanders	28	(2)
Health Care Issues of Asian American-Pacific Islanders	28	(1)
Selected Health-Related Cultural Aspects	29	(1)
Latino/Hispanic Americans	30	(2)
Health Issues of Latino/Hispanic Americans	30	(1)
Selected Health-Related Cultural Aspects	31	(1)
Black/African Americans	32	(2)
Health Care Issues of Black/African Americans	32	(1)
Selected Health-Related Cultural Aspects	33	(1)
Native Americans	34	(2)
Health Care Issues of Native Americans	34	(1)
Selected Health-Related Cultural Aspects	35	(1)
Emerging Rural and Urban Populations	36	(6)
Homelessness: A Continuing Saga	36	(3)
People Living With HIV-AIDS	39	(3)
The Nation's Response to The Health Challenges	42	(1)
Healthy People 2010	42	(1)
Office of Minority Health	43	(1)
Nursing's Response to Emerging Populations and Health	43	(7)
Health Policy and the Delivery System	50	(27)
History of Health Care	52	(4)
Early Influences	52	(1)
Industrial Influences	53	(1)
Socioeconomic Influences	53	(1)
Public Health Influences	53	(1)
Scientific Influences	53	(1)
Special Population Influences	54	(1)
Political and Economic Influences	54	(1)
Split Between Preventive and Curative Measures	54	(2)
Organization of The Delivery System	56	(5)
Private Sector	56	(2)
Public Sector	58	(3)
Financing Health Care	61	(10)
Costs	61	(2)
Sources	63	(1)
Mechanisms	64	(1)
Managed Care Issues	65	(1)
Health Insurance	66	(4)
Pharmaceutical Costs	70	(1)
The Uninsured: Who Are They?	70	(1)
Health Care Systems of Other Countries	71	(1)
Canadian Health Care System	71	(1)
German Health Care System	72	(1)
United Kingdom's Health Care System	72	(1)
Influencing Health Policy	72	(5)
The Therapeutic Relationship	77	(23)
Values Clarification	78	(3)
Definition	78	(1)
Values and Therapeutic Use of Self	79	(2)
The Communication Process	81	(6)
Function and Process	82	(1)
Types of Communication	83	(1)
Effectiveness of Communication	84	(1)
Factors in Effective Communication	85	(2)
The Helping or Therapeutic Relationship	87	(13)
Characteristics of the Therapeutic Relationship	87	(2)
Ethics in Communicating and Relating	89	(1)
Therapeutic Techniques	89	(2)
Barriers to Effective Communication	91	(2)
Setting	93	(1)
Stages	94	(1)
Brief Interactions	95	(1)
Health Literacy	95	(5)
Ethical Issues Relevant to Health Promotion	100	(27)
Health Promotion as a Moral Endeavor	101	(1)
Health Care Ethics	101	(5)
Origins of Applied Ethics in Moral Philosophy	101	(1)
Types of Ethics	102	(1)
Limitations of Moral Theory	102	(2)
Feminist Ethics and Caring	104	(2)
Professional Responsibility	106	(4)
Accountability to Individuals and Society	106	(1)
Codes of Ethics	107	(1)
Advocacy	108	(1)
Problem Solving: Issues, Dilemmas, and Risks	109	(1)
Preventive Ethics	109	(1)
Ethical Principles in Health Promotion	110	(11)
Autonomy as Civil Liberty	110	(2)
Autonomy as Self-Determination	112	(2)
Limits on Autonomy	114	(1)
Confidentiality	114	(2)
Veracity	116	(1)
Nonmaleficence	117	(1)
Beneficence	117	(3)
Justice	120	(1)
Strategies for Ethical Decision Making	121	(1)
Locating the Source and Levels of Ethical Problems	121	(1)
Values Clarification and Reflection	121	(1)
Decision-Making Considerations	121	(1)
Ethics of Health Promotion: Cases	122	(5)
Case 1 Addressing Health Care System Problems---Elissa Needs Help	123	(1)
Case 2 Assisted Suicide or Emotional Support?---Ana and Victor	123	(1)
Case 3 How Much Money Can One Person Spend?---Joe Does Not Like Taking Pills	123	(1)
Case 4 She's My Patient!---Lilly and ``Jake'' (a.k.a. Paul)	123	(4)
UNIT TWO Assessment for Health Promotion	127	(70)
Health Promotion and the Individual	129	(23)
Functional Health Patterns: Assessment of the Individual	131	(16)
Functional Health Pattern Framework	131	(2)
The Patterns	133	(14)
Individual Health Promotion Through the Nursing Process	147	(5)
Collection and Analysis of Data	147	(1)
Planning the Care	148	(1)
Implementing the Plan	149	(1)
Evaluating the Plan	149	(3)
Health Promotion and the Family	152	(26)
The Nursing Process and the Family	153	(1)
The Nurse's Role	154	(1)
The Family from a Systems Perspective	154	(1)
The Family from a Developmental Perspective	155	(1)
The Family from a Risk-Factor Perspective	156	(1)
Functional Health Patterns: Assessment of the Family	156	(11)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	158	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	159	(1)
Elimination Pattern	160	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	160	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	160	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	161	(1)
Self-Perception-Self-Concept Pattern	161	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	161	(4)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	165	(1)
Coping-Stress Tolerance Pattern	166	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	166	(1)
Analysis and Nursing Diagnosis	167	(5)
Analyzing Data	167	(4)
Formulating Family Nursing Diagnoses	171	(1)
Planning With the Family	172	(1)
Goals	172	(1)
Implementation With the Family	172	(3)
Evaluation With the Family	175	(3)
Health Promotion and the Community	178	(19)
The Nursing Process and the Community	179	(1)
The Nurse's Role	179	(1)
Methods of Data Collection	180	(1)
Sources of Community Information	180	(1)
Community From a Systems Perspective	181	(1)
Structure	181	(1)
Function	181	(1)
Interaction	182	(1)
Community from a Developmental Perspective	182	(1)
Community from a Risk Factor Perspective	182	(1)
Functional Health Patterns: Assessment of the Community	183	(2)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	183	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	183	(1)
Elimination Pattern	183	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	183	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	183	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	184	(1)
Self-Perception-Self-Concept Pattern	184	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	184	(1)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	184	(1)
Coping-Stress Tolerance Pattern	185	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	185	(1)
Analysis and Diagnosis With the Community	185	(3)
Organization of Data	185	(1)
Guidelines for Data Analysis	186	(2)
Community Diagnosis	188	(1)
Planning With the Community	188	(5)
Purposes	188	(3)
Planned Change	191	(2)
Implementation With the Community	193	(1)
Evaluation With the Community	193	(4)
UNIT THREE Interventions for Health Promotion	197	(130)
Screening	199	(18)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Screening	200	(1)
Selection of a Screenable Disease	201	(4)
Significance	201	(1)
Can the Disease Be Detected by Screening?	201	(2)
Should Screening for the Disease Be Done?	203	(2)
Ethical Considerations	205	(1)
Health Care Ethics	205	(1)
Economic Ethics	205	(1)
Selection of a Screenable Population	206	(5)
Person-Dependent Factors	206	(4)
Environment-Dependent Factors	210	(1)
Commonly Screened Conditions	211	(4)
Phenylketonuria	211	(1)
Breast Cancer	212	(1)
Cervical Cancer	212	(1)
Colorectal Cancer	212	(1)
Prostate Cancer	212	(1)
Cholesterol	213	(1)
Hypertension	213	(1)
Glaucoma	213	(1)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus	214	(1)
Lead	214	(1)
Diabetes Mellitus	214	(1)
The Nurse's Role	215	(2)
Health Education	217	(14)
Nursing and Health Education	218	(6)
Definition	219	(1)
Goals	220	(1)
Learning Assumptions	221	(1)
Family Health Teaching	221	(1)
Health Behavior Change	222	(1)
Ethics	223	(1)
Cultural Considerations in Health Teaching	223	(1)
Social Marketing and Health Education	224	(1)
Teaching Plan	224	(4)
Assessment	224	(1)
Determining Expected Learning Outcomes	225	(1)
Selecting Content	226	(1)
Designing Learning Strategies	226	(1)
Evaluating the Teaching-Learning Process	227	(1)
Referring Individuals to Other Resources	228	(1)
Teaching and Organizing Skills	228	(3)
Nutrition Counseling for Health Promotion	231	(30)
Nutrition in the United States: Looking Forward From The Past	232	(1)
Classic Vitamin-Deficiency Diseases	232	(1)
Dietary Excess and Imbalance	232	(1)
Healthy People 2010: Nutrition Objectives	232	(2)
Nutrition-Related Health Status	233	(1)
Nutrition Objectives for the United States	234	(1)
Food and Nutrition Recommendations	234	(2)
Dietary Reference Intakes	234	(2)
Dietary Guidelines for Americans	236	(1)
MyPyramid: A New Food Guidance System	236	(1)
Food Guide Pyramid	236	(1)
MyPyramid	236	(1)
Dietary Supplements and Herbal Medicines	236	(5)
Circumstances When Nutrient Supplementation Is Indicated	239	(1)
Vitamin Toxicity	239	(2)
Food Safety	241	(1)
Causes of Food-Borne Illness	241	(1)
Food Safety Practices	241	(1)
Food, Nutrition, and Poverty	242	(3)
Poverty and Income Distribution	242	(1)
Food Assistance for the Poor	242	(3)
Nutrition Screening	245	(1)
Nutrition and Disease	245	(16)
Cardiovascular Diseases	245	(1)
Heart Disease	245	(2)
Hypertension	247	(3)
Cancer	250	(1)
Osteoporosis	251	(2)
Obesity	253	(2)
Diabetes	255	(3)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	258	(3)
Exercise	261	(28)
Defining Physical Activity in Health	262	(1)
Healthy People 2010 Objectives	262	(2)
Physical Activity Objectives: Making Progress	262	(2)
Aging	264	(1)
Effects of Exercise on the Aging Process	265	(1)
Coronary Heart Disease	265	(3)
High-Density Lipoprotein and Serum Triglyceride Levels	266	(1)
Hypertension	266	(1)
Hyperinsulinemia and Glucose Intolerance	267	(1)
Obesity	268	(1)
Osteoporosis	269	(1)
Arthritis	270	(1)
Low Back Pain	270	(1)
Immune Function	271	(1)
Mental Health	272	(1)
How Much Exercise Is Enough?	272	(4)
Aerobic Exercise	273	(2)
Warm-Up and Cool-Down Periods	275	(1)
Flexibility	276	(1)
Resistance Training	276	(1)
Exercise the Spirit: Relaxation Response	276	(3)
Monitoring the Inner and Outer Environment	279	(1)
Fluid News	279	(1)
Special Considerations	279	(3)
Coronary Heart Disease	280	(1)
Diabetes	281	(1)
Building a Rhythm of Physical Activity	282	(7)
Adherence and Compliance	283	(1)
Creating a Climate That Supports Exercise	284	(5)
Stress Management	289	(21)
Sources of Stress	290	(1)
Physical, Psychological, Sociobehavioral, and Spiritual Consequences of Stress	291	(2)
Physiological Effects of Stress	291	(1)
Psychological Effects of Stress	292	(1)
Sociobehavioral Effects of Stress	293	(1)
Spiritual Effects of Stress	293	(1)
Health Benefits of Managing Stress	293	(1)
Assessment of Stress	294	(2)
Stress Management Interventions	296	(10)
Developing Self-Awareness	296	(3)
Healthy Diet	299	(1)
Physical Activity	299	(1)
Sleep Hygiene	300	(1)
Cognitive Restructuring	300	(1)
Affirmations	301	(1)
Social Support	302	(1)
Assertive Communication	302	(1)
Empathy	303	(1)
Healthy Pleasures	304	(1)
Spiritual Practice	304	(1)
Clarifying Values and Beliefs	305	(1)
Setting Realistic Goals	305	(1)
Humor	305	(1)
Effective Coping	306	(4)
Holistic Health Strategies	310	(17)
Holism	311	(1)
Interventions	312	(10)
Energy Work	312	(4)
Movement Arts	316	(2)
Meditation	318	(1)
Prayer and Distant Healing	319	(1)
Guided Imagery	320	(1)
Music Therapy	320	(1)
Bodywork	320	(1)
Aromatherapy	321	(1)
Presence	322	(1)
Self-Knowledge	322	(5)
UNIT FOUR Application of Health Promotion	327	(272)
Overview of Growth and Development Framework	329	(15)
Overview of Growth and Development	330	(10)
Concept of Growth	330	(9)
Concept of Development	339	(1)
Theories of Development	340	(4)
Psychosocial Development: Erikson's Theory	340	(1)
Cognitive Development: Piaget's Theory	340	(1)
Moral Development: Kohlberg's Theory	341	(1)
Moral Development: Gilligan's Theory	341	(3)
The Prenatal Period	344	(32)
Physical Changes in Maternal and Fetal Systems	345	(7)
Duration of Pregnancy	345	(1)
Fertilization	345	(1)
Implantation	345	(1)
Fetal Growth and Development	345	(1)
Placental Development and Function	346	(1)
Maternal Changes	346	(6)
Changes During Transition From Fetus to Newborn	352	(2)
Nursing Interventions	352	(1)
Mucus	352	(1)
Apgar Score	353	(1)
Gender	353	(1)
Race and Culture	353	(1)
Genetics	353	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	354	(10)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	354	(2)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	356	(1)
Elimination Pattern	357	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	357	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	358	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	358	(2)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	360	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	361	(2)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	363	(1)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	363	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	363	(1)
Pathological Processes	364	(6)
Physical Factors and Diagnostic Tools	364	(1)
Biological Agents	365	(2)
Chemical Agents	367	(3)
Mechanical Forces	370	(1)
Radiation	370	(1)
Social Processes	370	(2)
Community and Work	370	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	371	(1)
Legislation	371	(1)
Economics	372	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	372	(1)
Nursing Interventions	372	(4)
Infant	376	(40)
Age and Physical Changes	378	(6)
Developmental Tasks	378	(1)
Concepts of Infant Development	378	(4)
Denver Developmental Screening Test	382	(1)
Gender	382	(1)
Race	383	(1)
Genetics	383	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	384	(15)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	384	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	384	(4)
Elimination Pattern	388	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	389	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	390	(2)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	392	(1)
Self-Perception-Self-Concept Pattern	393	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	394	(3)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	397	(1)
Coping-Stress Tolerance Pattern	397	(2)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	399	(1)
Pathological Processes	399	(8)
Unintentional Injuries	400	(1)
Biological Agents	401	(2)
Chemical Agents	403	(3)
Motor Vehicles	406	(1)
Radiation	406	(1)
Cancer	407	(1)
Social Processes	407	(5)
Community and Work	407	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	408	(2)
Legislation	410	(1)
Economics	411	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	412	(1)
Nursing Interventions	412	(4)
Toddler	416	(20)
Age and Physical Changes	417	(2)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	419	(11)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	419	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	419	(2)
Elimination Pattern	421	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	421	(2)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	423	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	423	(3)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	426	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	427	(2)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	429	(1)
Coping-Stress Tolerance Pattern	429	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	429	(1)
Pathological Processes	430	(3)
Accidents	430	(1)
Motor Vehicles	431	(1)
Biological Agents	432	(1)
Poisoning	432	(1)
Social Processes	433	(3)
Day Care	433	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	433	(1)
Legislation	433	(1)
Economics	434	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	434	(2)
Preschool Child	436	(30)
Age and Physical Changes	437	(3)
Gender	438	(1)
Race	438	(2)
Genetics	440	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	440	(14)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	440	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	440	(2)
Elimination Pattern	442	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	442	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	443	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	444	(5)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	449	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	449	(2)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	451	(1)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	452	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	453	(1)
Pathological Processes	454	(6)
Injuries	455	(2)
Mechanical Forces	457	(1)
Biological and Bacterial Agents	457	(1)
Chemical Agents	458	(1)
Cancer	458	(2)
Asthma	460	(1)
Social Processes	460	(1)
Community and Work	460	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	460	(1)
Legislation	461	(1)
Economics	461	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	461	(1)
Nursing Interventions	461	(5)
School-Age Child	466	(36)
Age and Physical Changes	467	(4)
Gender	469	(1)
Race	470	(1)
Genetics	470	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	471	(15)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	471	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	471	(3)
Elimination Pattern	474	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	475	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	476	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	476	(4)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	480	(2)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	482	(1)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	483	(1)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	484	(2)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	486	(1)
Pathological Processes	486	(6)
Accidents	486	(3)
Mechanical Forces	489	(1)
Biological Agents	490	(1)
Chemical Agents	491	(1)
Radiological Agents	492	(1)
Social Processes	492	(5)
Community and Work	492	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	493	(2)
Legislation	495	(1)
Economics	495	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	496	(1)
Nursing Interventions	497	(5)
School and the Nurse	498	(4)
Adolescent	502	(21)
Age and Physical Changes	503	(3)
Scoliosis	504	(1)
Acne	504	(1)
Gender	505	(1)
Genetics	506	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	506	(10)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	506	(2)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	508	(1)
Elimination Pattern	509	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	510	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	510	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	510	(1)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	511	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	512	(1)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	513	(2)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	515	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	516	(1)
Pathological Processes	516	(3)
Accidents	516	(1)
Sports	516	(1)
Violence	517	(1)
Mechanical Forces	517	(1)
Biological and Bacterial Agents	518	(1)
Chemical Agents	518	(1)
Cancer	519	(1)
Social Processes	519	(4)
School	519	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	519	(1)
Legislation	520	(1)
Economics	520	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	520	(3)
Young Adult	523	(25)
Age and Physical Changes	524	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	525	(17)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	525	(4)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	529	(2)
Elimination Pattern	531	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	531	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	532	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	532	(1)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	533	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	533	(2)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	535	(3)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	538	(2)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	540	(2)
Pathological Processes	542	(2)
Accidents	542	(1)
Pollution	542	(1)
Occupational Hazards and Stressors	542	(1)
Chemical Agents	542	(2)
Cancer	544	(1)
Social Processes	544	(4)
Community and Work	544	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	545	(1)
Legislation	545	(1)
Economics	545	(3)
Middle-Age Adult	548	(23)
Age and Physical Changes	549	(3)
Mortality Rates	549	(1)
Gender and Marital Status	550	(1)
Genetics	550	(2)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	552	(13)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	552	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	552	(3)
Elimination Pattern	555	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	555	(1)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	556	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	556	(1)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	557	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	558	(3)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	561	(1)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	562	(2)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	564	(1)
Environmental Factors	565	(1)
Physical Agents	565	(1)
Biological Agents	565	(1)
Chemical Agents	565	(1)
Social Processes	566	(1)
Culture and Ethnicity	566	(1)
Economics	567	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	567	(1)
Nursing Interventions	567	(4)
Older Adult	571	(28)
Age and Physical Changes	573	(1)
Goals of Health Promotion	573	(1)
Theories of Aging	574	(1)
Gordon's Functional Health Patterns	575	(11)
Health Perception--Health Management Pattern	575	(1)
Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern	575	(1)
Elimination Pattern	576	(1)
Activity-Exercise Pattern	577	(2)
Sleep-Rest Pattern	579	(1)
Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern	579	(3)
Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern	582	(1)
Roles-Relationships Pattern	583	(1)
Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern	584	(1)
Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern	585	(1)
Values-Beliefs Pattern	586	(1)
Pathological Processes	586	(4)
Accidents	586	(2)
Biological Agents	588	(1)
Drug Use	588	(1)
Alcohol Use	589	(1)
Tobacco Use	589	(1)
Cancer	590	(1)
Social Processes	590	(9)
Environments of Care	590	(4)
Cultural Diversity	594	(1)
Health Care Delivery System	594	(5)
UNIT FIVE Challenges in the Twenty-First Century	599	(19)
Health Promotion in the Twenty-First Century: Throughout the Life Span and Throughout the World	601	(17)
Health Promotion: Past Developments and Future Directions	604	(1)
Global Strategy of Health for All	604	(4)
Health for All	604	(1)
Health Care Systems	605	(1)
New Public Health Movement	606	(1)
Socioecological Foundations of Health Promotion	606	(1)
Goals and Targets for Health Promotion	606	(1)
Health Rather than Health Care as a Starting Point	607	(1)
Reform of Health Promotion and Health Care	608	(3)
Clinical Effectiveness of Preventive Health Care	608	(1)
Cost Effectiveness of Preventive Health Care	608	(2)
Health Promotion and Vulnerable Populations	610	(1)
Implications for Nursing Leadership in Health Promotion	611	(7)
Implications for Policy Development	611	(1)
Implications for Practice	612	(1)
Implications for Education	612	(1)
Implications for Research	613	(5)
Glossary	618	(12)
Index	630	(33)
Study Questions	663	(15)
Answer Key	678